Protective Effects of Parental Monitoring on Offending in Victimized Youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Empirical and conceptual literature in the United States and Western Europe provides robust evidence of victimization as a risk factor for juvenile offending and parental monitoring as a protective factor. The current study examines relationships among victimization, monitoring, and offending using a sample of youth from Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Findings indicate monitoring has a protective effect, victimization increases risk, monitoring level moderates the effect of victimization on offending, and moderation effects vary by age and gender. Discussion of findings identifies implications for efforts in BiH to develop a comprehensive strategy for preventing and responding to juvenile offending.     

重构中国粮食安全的认知维度、监测指标及治理体系

判断一国粮食安全的实现程度,要基于对粮食安全的清晰认知。粮食安全问题易被简化为粮食总产量问题。上述概念相关但非同一命题。国际粮食安全认知维度及演进显示,粮食安全是一个系统,从横向看,它包含可供量、粮食获取、粮食利用(如营养安全)与稳定性四个维度;从纵向看,它包括宏观、中观与微观(如家庭获取能力)三个层面。一个完备的国家粮食安全监测指标体系也应与这四个维度、三个层面相对应。当前中国粮食安全政策与监测主要强调国内供给总量安全,属于可供量维度与宏观层面的交集;其他维度则较为单薄,尤其是微观层面的粮食获取维度以及粮食利用维度下的营养安全。借鉴巴西跳出"粮食生产大国无粮食安全之虞"的认知窠臼、直面其粮食安全严峻态势、进而推行影响深远的"零饥饿"计划、取得显著成效的经验,中国应加快构建一套比较全面的、符合当前经济、社会和农业发展现状的粮食安全认知、监测及治理体系,即将粮食安全治理重心从宏观转入宏观、中观、微观并重,构建一套全面的粮食安全监测指标体系以及建立跨部门的粮食安全治理体系。     

对虚拟实验环境开发技术的探讨

虚拟现实技术作为新的教学媒体技术已经进入高校的教学。利用虚拟现实技术构建虚拟实验环境,可以大大增进教学效果。文章通过虚拟实验环境制作实例介绍的方式探讨了虚拟实验环境的开发技术。     

Softening the surface but hardening the core? Governing renewable energy in the EU

Abstract

Soft law and governance captured the attention of scholars in the 2000s, and new policy challenges and the novel introduction of ‘harder’ elements now drive a (re)turn to these discussions. This article explores the extent to which dynamics leading towards ‘harder soft governance’ (HSG) appear in the EU’s renewable energy governance by comparing the 2020 and 2030 Renewable Energy Directives. Document analysis and interviews reveal a surface-level softening because the new 2030 directive contains no binding national targets for the Member States. An entrepreneurial Commission has been seeking to introduce ‘harder elements’ at the core by focusing on implementation, allowing for potentially deeper influence on the national energy mixes though the Energy Union. Two main factors drive these changes: the evolving international context of climate change governance, as well as re-configurations of the actors in the EU. Future research should explore the effectiveness of emerging HSG in detail.     

Book Review

During George Bush's presidency the Cold War drew to a close and his administration triumphed in the Gulf War. Some viewed these events as a harbinger of a new world order. Basking in the success of the Gulf War, Bush's approval ratings soared, and prominent Democrats reconsidered challenging him in 1992. Foreign policy themes might have seemed a natural emphasis in campaign rhetoric. Yet, on the eve of the election, Bush abandoned efforts to rally the public with such appeals.

This article identifies primary metaphorical themes employed by Bush to define foreign policy reality. Bush's rhetoric was fundamentally ordered by the orientational metaphor of war. Other themes reinforced central premises of the war metaphor and reflected enduring premises of American exceptional ism. However, critical constraints blunted Bush's rhetorical intentions, and perhaps nullified constraints presidents traditionally have harnessed to define rhetorical situations to fit a preferred world view.

A disjuncture between rhetorical expectations and intentions beset the administration as the 1992 election approached. The electorate turned an anxious gaze to domestic politics and the condition of the economy. Furthermore, the war metaphor met a public demonstrably leery of U.S. meddling in the internal politics of other countries. Preference for the war metaphor, finally, represented a significant challenge to the political identity of Bush and the Republican Party.     

Privacy,the news media,and the courts

Abstract

This article is concerned with the conflict between the news media's position that the public has a ‘'right to know'’ under the free press provision of the First Amendment and the right to privacy under the tort law. The constitutional issue is raised whenever the media print or broadcast accurate, but often embarrassing, facts about a person, or whenever personal information is publicized which an individual prefers not to share with the general public.

In unwanted publicity and public disclosure cases, the courts have accorded greater weight to the defendant defenses of consent, news‐worthiness, and media privilege than to the plaintiff's invasion of privacy claim. To remedy this inequity, a two‐tier judicial model is proposed that would have courts balance the two competing interests in such a manner as to enhance individual privacy without diminishing the informational function of the news media.     

秘密侦查在贿赂犯罪侦查中的必要性及其规制——以监听为视角

在贿赂犯罪的侦查中,采用监听等秘密侦查措施在对预防贿赂犯罪、打击贿赂犯罪起到促进作用的同时,还是履行国际公约义务的体现;在贿赂犯罪侦查中使用监听手段的同时,还应当对监听手段进行规制,防止违法监听的出现。     

论视频监控系统在公安工作中的应用

视频监控系统因其实时、准确、直观的特点,在提高公安工作效率、缓解警力不足以及防范打击犯罪等方面发挥着重要作用。但目前的视频监控系统在管理、后期维护、具体应用等方面还存在一些亟待解决的问题,其资源整合、共享以及技术升级应成为我国视频监控系统建设和发展的主要方向。     

我国水质监测制度的缺陷及其完善——以相关法律为背景

环境监测是环境保护工作中的重要制度,而水质监测则是环境监测的重要组成部分。本文以我国现行相关法律为背景,对我国水质监测的技术依据—水质标准—的制定权进行了考察,认为应由水利部门和环保部门共同制定,而监测权则应由环保部门专门行使,这是决策民主化和执行单一化的具体要求和体现。文章还指出了水质监测中法律责任机制的缺失,并提出了予以完善的建议。     

正当程序:实现公安执法与媒体监督互动的机制

新闻媒体监督与公安执法是两种不同性质的活动,有着各自的运行机制。而正因为两者之间的这种不协同性,必然导致媒体监督与公安执法过程的不同步性,甚至会造成媒体和民众在事实认定和结果判断上与公安机关的尖锐对立。事实证明,只要在公安机关和新闻媒体部门最基本的价值体系上保持一致、即有最基本的价值观或伦理的底线,在此基础上的价值多样性是有益于社会健康发展的。而能够达到这一价值目标的逻辑起点是充分地应用正当程序,为公安机关和新闻媒体提供一个共同认同的平台,从而更好地促进社会的和谐和公正。