国际碳排放权交易及其对我国的启示

全球气候变化对各国产生了一系列的影响,碳排放权已成为新兴的交易客体,国际碳排放权的产生与发展,既为我国带来机遇,也使我国面临挑战。我国碳排放权交易市场尚处于起步阶段,建立与完善我国碳排放市场机制显得尤为重要与迫切。因此,我们应当借鉴国际碳排放权交易的经验,从法律、政策、信息透明度、政府职能等方面进行改进。     

论法律与道德的相对分离

提出区分法律的调整范围与道德的调整范围的三个标准。不仅要以善良道德为标准审查法律,而且要以良法为标准审查道德。以法律手段制裁“不道德行为”缺乏法理依据。世界各个民族的古代社会都经历过法律与道德未分化的时期。西方逐步形成的法律与道德相对分离的传统促进了道德的更新和法律的进化。中国古代保持的法律与道德相混同的传统阻碍了道德的更新和法律的进化。在法学研究和法律实践上应认真吸收法律与道德相对分离这一文明成果。     

英汉称呼语异同比较

使用称呼语是人们进行交流的前提。称呼语因各民族语言文化的不同而不同。本文试图从亲属关系及非亲属关系两方面对中英文称呼语异同进行比较分析,指出因称呼语不同而反映的文化差异,揭示称呼语在跨文化交际中的重要性。     

“辩侦交易因素”在贪污贿赂犯罪侦查中的存在理性及其司法运行问题研究——以“相对合理主义”为基本视角

在贪污贿赂犯罪案件的侦查工作中引入“辩侦交易因素”，可以在很大程度上加大反贪力度和推进反贪工作，达到更好地惩治和预防腐败的目的。然而触及到为什么能够以及如何将“辩侦交易因素”很好地引入贪污贿赂犯罪侦查理论和反贪办案实践的问题时，就不得不对其本身的存在理性和司法运行等问题进行研究和分析。当然这种研究的视角是多样的、自由的甚至是随意的，这里选择“相对合理主义”作为一个基本视角，但愿是相对理性的     

Kyoto,Europe?—An Economic Evaluation of the European Emission Trading Directive

To meet its obligations accepted in the Kyoto Protocol cost effectively, the European Union introduces a scheme of Greenhouse Gas Allowance Trading for its member states. This paper evaluates the cost effectiveness, ecological accuracy and dynamic incentives of this approach.The EU-emissions trading constitutes an important shift in the paradigm of environmental policy, from command and control to a market based approach. Still, the EU-system does not fully realize the economic potential of the transferable discharge permit policy. Especially, the limited scope of trading regarding geography, pollutants, sectors and activities reduces the quality of the system. Moreover, the EU-Directive is unspecific in many respects and it leaves many decisions defining the rules of the game to the individual member state. Uncertainty and heterogeneity increase transaction cost and thereby hamper the effectiveness of the system.JEL Classification: Q54, Q58, K32     

The analysis of case-control studies in criminology

Case-control designs, in which subjects are selected conditionally on the value of a dependent variable, are well suited for research in criminology. For many research issues, case-control studies should be preferred over cohort studies because they can provide estimates of the same parameters, with equal standard errors, for less cost. This paper describes the case-control design and some of the problems that arise in interpreting them. An approach to analysis and interpretation that has developed in epidemiology is presented.     

毒品案件相关物证搜集要略

毒品案件与其他刑事案件相比有其特点,毒品违法、犯罪案件的发生一般没有明显的现场和准确的受害人报案,毒品案件侦破独特的"经营"和案件侦破的延伸,无不伴随着物证和情报的支持,毒品案件物证和情报的作用是随案而伴、为案服务、以案件为目的、以案件为最终归宿。因此,毒品案件物证的搜集和运用显示出了另一特殊的风采。文章着重要提的是毒品案件的"相关物证",毒品案件"相关物证"的科学提取和灵活运用,对于目前打击毒品犯罪日益复杂化、智能化将起到十分有效的作用。     

Protest participation and economic crisis: The conditioning role of political opportunities

The economic crisis that started in 2008 has negatively affected European nations to different degrees. The sudden rise in demonstrations particularly in those countries most hard hit by the crisis suggests that grievance theories, dismissed in favour of resource‐based models since the 1970s, might have a role to play in explaining protest behaviour. While most previous studies have tested these theories at the individual or contextual levels, it is likely that mechanisms at both levels are interrelated. To fill this lacuna, this article examines the ways in which individual‐level grievances interact with macro‐level factors to impact on protest behaviour. In particular, it examines whether the impact of individual subjective feelings of deprivation is conditional on contextual macroeconomic and policy factors. It is found that while individual‐level relative deprivation has a direct effect on the propensity to have protested in the last year, this effect is greater under certain macroeconomic and political conditions. Both significant results for the cross‐level interactions are interpreted in terms of their role for opening up political opportunities for protest among those who feel they have been most deprived in the current crisis. These findings suggest that the interaction of the contextual and individual levels should continue to be explored in future studies in order to further clarify the mechanisms underlying protest behaviour.     

经济法作用的法律经济学分析——以市场经济与经济法的互动关系为研究进路

经济法是市场经济资源配置 的重要手段,它在国家进行宏观调控 和对市场经济行为进行规制的过程中 发挥着巨大的作用。经济法和经济学 的研究领域既有相通之处又各有侧重、 法律经济学就是运用经济学相关知识 来探讨经济法的问题,是近年来理论 和实践中新兴的研究方法。它可以将 经济和法律有机结合起来,以经济法 和市场经济的互动关系为研究进路、 探讨经济法的作用,使经济法更加深 入地为市场经济服务。本文旨在运用 法律经济学的方法对经济法存在的必 要性及问题进行研究和分析,并在此 基础上提出针对我国经济法的改革新 思路。     

论相对不起诉的适用条件

通过对刑事诉讼法第142条第二款相对不起诉的适用条件进行分析,可以发现作为相对不起诉法定条件之一的“依照刑法规定不需要判处刑罚”,实际在刑法中并不存在,而且容易造成司法机关对适用此条的分歧,建议立法机关在修改刑事诉讼法时删除。