全面贯彻党的宗教工作方针正确处理当前我国的宗教问题

如何处理宗教问题关系到国家的长治久安。在不久前召开的全国统战工作会议上,胡锦涛同志指出：“做好新形势下的宗教工作,关键是要全面理解和认真贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针。”正确处理宗教问题,必须正确认识宗教存在的必然性和长期性,全面贯彻党的宗教信仰自由政策,依法管理宗教事务,依法保护宗教团体和宗教信徒的合法权益,坚持独立自主自办教会的原则,积极引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应。     

论马克思主义宗教观的创立与发展

本文从历史的角度,着重探讨了马克思主义宗教观创立以来,列宁和中国三代领导集体,根据不同环境条件和不同革命目标及任务,对马克思主义宗教理论的创造性地推进和发展。     

POLICE,MINORITIES, AND THE FRENCH REPUBLICAN IDEAL*

This paper examines the strained relationship between French police agencies and ethnic minorities and discusses evidence of ethnic discrimination by the police and the criminal justice system. Until recently, the idea that ethnic composition of a police force ought to reflect, to some degree, the community it polices, seemed odd in France. We argue that there are two main reasons for this viewpoint: first, a conception of the role of the police in the State as accountable to the government rather than to the citizens; secondly, a conception of Republic and citizenship denying any political significance to the personal identities of citizens. We conclude that ethnic diversification of police forces is but one aspect of a more encompassing struggle against discrimination that requires a degree of accommodation with the present legal and statistical invisibility of racial/ethnic groups.     

宗教团体：构建和谐社会的一支重要力量

宗教团体作为联系宗教事务管理者与信教群众的桥梁和纽带,在和谐社会的构建中发挥着巨大作用。当前,我国的宗教团体在工作中存在着基本职能定位丧失、新老交替问题突出、规章制度执行滞延等问题。宗教团体要与社会主义社会相适应,必须把爱国、守法、团结、进步四个方面作为自己的工作要求,努力加强自身建设。     

The perils of empire: nationhood and citizenship in Portugal

After the demise of the Portuguese empire and even more after joining the European Union, the Portuguese state redefined the borders of national belonging. The shift was one from a multi-continental nation, which included parts of Africa, to a more restricted definition of nationhood, one that stressed Portugal's connection to Europe and thus defined belonging by descent. This article, based on research conducted in Lisbon, Portugal in 2003, discusses the impact of this shift on Portuguese citizens of ethnically diverse backgrounds. The Portuguese state, media, academia, and civil society are all involved in constructing, disseminating, and hence consolidating a notion of nationhood that treats ethnically diverse minorities as foreigners, placing them outside the national community. Not producing or disseminating information on ethnic minorities, the Portuguese academia, media, and the state are all actively involved in reproducing a process that perpetuates exclusion and obstructs the construction of political alliances to confront widespread discrimination.     

Translating the State: Ethnic Language Radio in the Lao PDR

ABSTRACT

The nation-building project of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic has been challenged by the task of uniting the multi-ethnic country under its political ideology. The Lao National Radio broadcasts in the Khmu and Hmong languages are the only official voice of minority languages and provide insights on how political messages are sent to the population. In their creation of programming material, the broadcasters must translate the socialist ideology of the Communist Party into language that is politically correct and culturally acceptable. In the process, they are creating a political register in the two languages that is heavily influenced by the linguistic structures of Lao. This article examines these two broadcasts to see how language use at the radio effects the message that is delivered to the listeners, enhancing the calls for mobilisation by teaching the people a new political language reflected not only in terms of lexicon, but also in the syntax and phonology of their translations. The result is a way of speaking that crosses ethno-linguistic boundaries to reinforce the control of the state.     

The use of oral data on life and thought in independent Latvia: A proposal for research

This article provides both historical and ethnographic views of Eastern religion in Lithuania. The historical component is an examination of the evolution of Lithuanian interest in Eastern religions from nineteenth-century studies of Indo-European comparative linguistics and mythology, which linked pre-Christian Lithuanian religion with India and Hinduism, to increasing literary, scholarly and popular interest in India and Asia in the twentieth century, before, during and after Soviet occupation. The ethnographic aspect utilizes fieldwork and interviews to examine three Eastern-inspired religious movements, (Pagan) Romuva, (Hindu) Krishna Consciousness, and (Buddhist) Diamond Way, demonstrating three different adaptations of Eastern religion in Lithuania.     

公产法视角下的宗教财产透视

从公产法角度而言,对于宗教财产的定位和研究,更突显一种以财产的目的性用途为导向的宗教财产规制模式。宗教财产的所有权问题（归属问题）不再成为宗教财产规制的首要问题。从维持宗教财产的目的性用途与保护其使用者群体的使用利益而言,公产法的解释与建构,比单纯的考虑将宗教财产纳入社团法人所有的财产或者是财团法人所有的财产,依靠所有权理论的解释,无疑具有更大的优势。我国的宗教财产立法的传统和现实以＂重在管理,回避所有,强化监督,保障使用＂为基本特点,现行宗教财产法律规制也更接近于公产法上的解释。     

论我国宗教平等的法律保护

宗教平等在我国宗教法治建设中意义重大,国家已制定出相对完善的宗教法律体系,以实现宪法所规定的宗教信仰自由,保障信教公民与不信教公民之间、不同宗教之间、不同教派之间在法律面前的平等地位。由于宗教事务的复杂性,还存在立法标准不统一、法律责任模糊、自由裁量权过大等不足,仍然需要从立法、执法、司法各个层面进一步完善。