中国共产党对宗教信仰自由政策的探索历程

党的宗教信仰自由政策是在土地革命时期初步形成,抗日战争时期逐步成熟,建国初期全面发展,新时期系统完善的.土地革命时期的宗教政策具有限制"信教自由"的特点;抗日战争时期具有统战性的特点;建国初期比较突出地体现了管理的特点;新时期以来则更多地体现出相适应的特点.     

Discriminating language rights and politics in the post-Yugoslav states

ABSTRACT

Pupavac examines the rise of linguistic human rights advocacy and its approach in a case study of language politics in the post-Yugoslav states. A core concern of contemporary linguistic rights advocacy has been to tackle ethnically based discrimination and promote ethnic diversity. It does not only seek to prevent states from discriminating against those who speak minority languages. It expects states to take positive steps to preserve their diversity of languages. However, strategies affirming distinct linguistic identities may become complicit in perpetuating ethnic discrimination and ethnic divisions, as is evident in the language politics of the post-Yugoslav states.     

论国家对宗教自由的适当限制

宗教自由同其他权利、自由一样,也不是没有界限的,一定程度上还需要国家的限制。同时,不能忽视的是,国家对宗教自由权的限制也是应当受限制的。一般而言,国家限制宗教自由应当遵守宗教自由法律保障的基本原则,即宗教自由原则、宗教平等原则、国家中立原则、宗教宽容原则。国家限制宗教自由的特有原则和界限,具体包括国家限制宗教自由应当遵守特有原则,即宪法保留原则、法律保留原则和比例原则以及国家限制宗教自由的界限——公共利益两个方面的内容。     

The nation under threat: secularist,racial and populist nativism in the Netherlands

ABSTRACT

Right-wing discourses and issues of belonging and collective identity in Europe’s political and public spheres are often analysed in terms of Islamophobia, racism and populism. While acknowledging the value of these concepts, Ke?i? and Duyvendak argue that these discourses can be better understood through the logic of nativism. Their article opens with a conceptual clarification of nativism, which they define as an intense opposition to an internal minority that is seen as a threat to the nation due to its ‘foreignness’. This is followed by the analysis of nativism’s three subtypes: secularist nativism, problematizing particularly Islam and Muslims; racial nativism, problematizing black minorities; and populist nativism, problematizing ‘native’ elites. The authors show that the logic of nativism offers the advantages of both analytical precision and scope. The article focuses on the Dutch case as a specific illustration of a broader European trend.     

托尔斯泰《艺术论》在中国

托尔斯泰的《艺术论》作为世界一流小说家比较系统的艺术理论著作,以呼吁艺术同美脱钩,专事情感交流,且以宗教性和世界性为伟大作品的标准,在19世纪美学中独树一帜。《艺术论》在中国的接受,以1921年、1958年和2005年的三个中译本为界,可分别以人生的艺术、宗教意识批判,以及意识形态的重新认可为其标识。可以说,《艺术论》在中国的接受史,大体也反映出中国一百年以来文艺理论的基本走向。     

Exploring Russian-Speaking Identity from Below: The Case of Latvia

Recent research on the acculturation strategies of Russian speakers in Latvia has demonstrated that there is a high level of support for integration (identifying with both Latvian and Russian cultures) compared to marginalization, separation, or assimilation. However, a number of researchers have also highlighted the negative impact of top-down narratives and discourses produced by the country's politicians and journalists. These discourses, it is argued, hamper the integration process by creating incompatible identity positions between ‘Russian-speakers’ and ‘Latvians’. Accordingly, this research turns to focus group interviews with Russian speakers in Latvia in order to uncover the nuances of their identity-forming processes, their relations with the respective Russian and Latvian states, and their acculturation strategies, which are commonly overlooked in top-down accounts. Based on the analysis of the qualitative data it will be argued that there is great potential for an integrated, yet culturally distinct Latvian-Russian identity in Latvia.     

Post‐Secularism and the European Court of Human Rights: Or How God Never Really Went Away

This article analyses the critical yet elusive notions of state neutrality, secularism and religious coercion under the European Convention in light of the European Court of Human Rights recent decision in Lautsi v Italy. We contend that the real concern in the Italian crucifix case was not the infringement of the school pupils’ religious freedom nor the proselytising or coercive effect of the ‘passive’ religious symbols. Rather, opponents of the longstanding symbols were animated by desire for strict religious equality, a notion that is, correctly in our view, not guaranteed under the Convention. Lautsi has significantly cleared the conceptual undergrowth surrounding state neutrality and the varieties of secularism, reined in the elastic notion of religious coercion and eschewed attempts to squeeze the constitutional diversity of European religion‐state frameworks into a strict American‐style separationist mould. The Convention jurisprudence on freedom of religion has finally come of age.     

统一多民族国家的宪制建构——新中国成立初期民族区域自治制度的奠基历程

对于民族区域自治制度在我国的确立,《共同纲领》的宪政宣示尽管具有最为重要的合法性确认意义,但这一基本宪政制度的真正奠基,则有赖于民族识别、民族干部培养、少数民族地方民主改革等一系列相关政治实践。这其中,少数民族地方民主改革可视为我国民族区域自治制度奠基的关键,它直接决定了新中国的民族治理制度是否坚持和贯彻了社会主义方向这一民族区域自治制度的最实质所在。同时,新中国通过将民族区域自治制度作为我国民族治理的基本宪政制度,也实现了清末以来多民族大国的民族—国家建构的真正飞跃。     

西南少数民族地区县域经济发展实证研究——以四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州为例

发展和壮大县域经济是边远少数民族地区摆脱贫困、促进就业、化解"三农"问题、民族团结、巩固基层政权的重要举措。在此,以四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州为例,通过引入城镇化水平、第二产业、第三产业增加值等影响经济发展的重要变量,建立线性回归模型。根据模型的分析结果,提出了促进阿坝经济发展的一些政策及路径的选择。     

新形势下海南少数民族体育文化发展思考

海南少数民族体育文化具有独特的特色风情,在不断发展过程中取得了一定成就,但随着经济社会发展的变化,遇到了许多新情况与新挑战。通过对海南少数民族体育文化传承的现状,从民族教育的视角出发,分析新形势下海南省少数民族体育文化发展面临的困境,提出适合海南省少数民族体育文化发展的对策,保障海南少数民族体育文化的传承和发展。