美国集团诉讼立法变革及其对中国的启示

为矫正集团诉讼实践中的相关缺陷,美国集团诉讼立法数十年来进行了一系列的变革,相关变革取得了较显著的成效。我国现行群体诉讼制度因司法政策限制、制度设计缺陷及民事诉讼理论研究的滞后而在实践中运行困难,这一局面的打破有赖于我们对美国集团诉讼立法理念、立法技术与核心法律规则的充分借鉴。     

“罪无可赦 情有可原”——被害人过错认定的困境与出路

司法实践中,在一些被害人与被告人互动的刑事案中,被害人过错是一个被经常适用的酌定量刑情节,如故意伤害、故意杀人和交通肇事等案件。在刑事司法中考虑被害人过错,有利于对被告人进行准确的定罪量刑,更加公平公正地保障被告人的合法权益,实现社会公平正义。审判实践对于被害人过错由于没有统一的认定标准,法官自由裁量的权限很大,存有司法恣意的嫌疑。究其缘由,除了我国偏重打击和惩罚犯罪的刑事司法理念需要转变之外,主要还在于对被害人过错认定上存在相当的难度和困境,因此,探讨被害人过错的认定标准和规范化很有必要。     

论公司代表人的法律性质

研究公司代表人法律性质是各国公司法学界的重要课题.无论是基于法人实在说理论形成的大陆法系的代表说,还是以法人拟制说理论为基础衍生的英美法系的代理说,目的在于探讨代表人（或代理人）在公司中的法律地位、代表人（或代理人）行为的法律效力以及代表（或代理）行为后果的法律归属.文章拟通过对代理说和代表说两大代表性学说以及两大法系公司代表人制度的分析比较,对公司代表人的法律性质有一个较为全面的了解,以期为我国公司代表人制度的建立和完善能有所裨益.     

突发公共卫生事件防控期间警察调查访问策略研究

公安机关作为社会稳定的第一道防线,应当在突发公共卫生事件防控期间全力与犯罪分子作斗争。调查访问作为案件侦查的第一步,在这种环境下应该从准备、实施、方法、原则上进行一定改进,制定细致的出警计划表、基本信息统计表以及问题提问细则表,从安全防护和心理学方面改变传统调查访问思想。     

Leadership Styles as Perceived by Career Senior Service Executives

Abstract

This study identifies the prevailing leadership styles of career Senior Executive Service (SES) members of the Federal Government. This study also determines if an association exits between SES member's self‐perceived leadership style and personal characteristics, such as gender, years in the Federal Service, and highest academic degree earned. The study population consists of 6395 career SES members. A random sample of 364 career SES members was selected. The selected group was asked to respond to a demographic data questionnaire and the Styles of Leadership Survey (SLS). Over 34% of the sample completed the instrument and data questionnaire. This study reveals that Strategic Leadership Style (5/5) is the dominant self‐perceived leadership style of career SES members. The personal characteristics of gender, years employed in the Federal Government, and educational attainment were identified as being significant factors influencing leadership styles of Federal Government executives.     

国外代议机构的民众诉愿制度及其对我国的启示

国外代议机构的民众诉愿制度源于瑞典的议会监督专员制度,因其在接受民众诉愿上的优越性,为西方其他国家所效仿,其中以英、日、澳、法、德等国最有代表性。国外代议机构民众诉愿制度遵循抑制官权、独立自主、无强制力等重要原则。这一制度对中国的启示有:要发挥代议机构作用,救济机构需要独立运行,救济手段是必要补充,救济手段不能越位等。     

艾滋病人犯罪的司法难点与解决对策探微

在谈＂艾＂色变的当今社会,艾滋病人已成为一个特殊的群体,被＂标签化＂。而基于这一特殊身份,艾滋病人犯罪造成司法办案过程中的诸多困难。但是面对艾滋病人犯罪愈发的严重态势,必须及时应对并提出解决对策,探讨控制这种态势的有效途径。     

Complementing and correcting representative institutions: When and how to use mini-publics

In democratic theory and practice, it has become a popular view that designed deliberative mini-publics can effectively counteract failures of representative democratic institutions. But when should mini-publics be deployed, and how should they be designed? This article develops a framework for thinking about these questions. It argues that when representative democratic institutions ensure the empowerment of inclusions, enable the formation of collective agendas and wills, and are capable of translating those agendas into binding decisions, mini-publics should be used sparingly and as complementary initiatives; the less representative institutions are able to serve these functions, the more mini-publics should gain independence and standing to correct these problems. The article shows how this can be operationalised in light of two key institutional design issues – coupling and authority – and discusses some empirical examples that foreground the empirical leverage offered by the suggested framework.     

刑事被害人国家补偿制度的路径选择

程序正义之下,减轻被害人的痛苦是国家和社会的责任,是公共福利的要求,也是正义的应有之意。经济社会的全面发展为国家补偿制度设置提供了一定的经济基础,司法探索为国家补偿制度的构建提供了一定的实践基础,建议我国在强化对犯罪追诉的同时,需要通过专项立法的形式构建对刑事被害人的长效专项补偿机制。     

Winds of Democracy Sweep the Country

NOWADAYS in China anyone–man or woman,urban or rural resident–can make their voice heard.They can vote for the representative they trust,assert their legitimate rights,and exert influence within their community or social group.This situation supersedes the past one where fixed mindset prevailed of unquestioningly obeying leaders and excessive caution in words and actions.Democracy at the grassroots level in China is reflected in a span of processes that include authorization,decision-making,participation,deliberation and supervision.They constitute a complete structure and system whose social function becomes steadily more important.Democracy at the grassroots level is an important part of people’s democracy in China.Its expansion in scope and depth consolidates the foundations of the country’s economic and social development.It also signals proactive reforms to China’s political system.