应用RNA干扰技术抑制捻转血矛线虫Hc38基因转录的研究

为研究RNA干扰对捻转血矛线虫Hc38基因转录的抑制作用,针对Hc38基因序列设计并合成特异性dsRNA、3对siRNAs(siRNA1,siRNA2,siRNA3),采用浸泡方式分别将dsRNA、siRNAs导入捻转血矛线虫感染性L3期幼虫体内,利用实时荧光定量PCR分析Hc38基因在L3期幼虫中的相对含量以确定抑制效果。通过体外转录成功获得高浓度和高纯度的dsRNA,L3期幼虫经浸泡处理3d后,siRNAs组Hc38基因的相对含量分别为(14.93±1.75)%、(26.34±2.91)%和(15.86±2.54)%,dsRNA组为(32.27±1.50)%,均显著低于对照组。表明通过浸泡法导入的dsRNA和siRNAs均能有效抑制Hc38基因的转录,从而为捻转血矛线虫及其他寄生线虫的基因功能研究提供了一种新的方法。     

Rewriting and remembering Romanian communism: some controversial issues

This article examines the dynamic relationship between the two major dimensions of memory and justice in the context of post-communist countries: truth-telling and retroactive justice. This interdependent and uneasy relationship is illustrated by recent attempts at constructing a new historical narrative of the communist past in Romania in the wake of the de-secretization of the files of both the Communist Party and the communist secret police (Securitate). A systematic analysis of the activity of institutions that have been directly involved in research and public education about the recent past – the National Archives, the National Council for the Study of Securitate's Archives, and the Institute for the Investigation of Crimes of Communism – is undertaken. The work of these three institutional actors shows a direct relationship between truth-telling in its various forms (access to archives, opening the files and exhumations) and any subsequent retroactive justice and restitution. The main argument of the paper is that while deep-seated dichotomies between former communist and anti-communists in addressing the past still persist, a more nuanced way of seeing the regime that explores the ambiguous line that divides outright repression from cooptation is emerging.     

RNA干扰技术及其在寄生线虫基因功能研究中的应用

介绍了RNA干扰(RNAi)的概念、线虫中RNAi的作用机理、RNAi的三个分子特性,即可遗传性、转移性RNAi的放大效应和RNAi信号的传播特性。从模板dsRNA的获取、dsRNA的导入和线虫中RNAi效应的检测方法三个方面概述了应用RNAi技术研究线虫基因功能的试验方法和最新进展。     

欧洲统一市场的建立与对国家干预的规制

为了促进欧洲统一市场的建立,《欧共体条约》确定了竞争规则和自由流动规则,对成员国制定的不利于统一市场建立的政府干预措施,如授予公用企业独占权、给予国家援助、制定歧视性贸易措施、对私人破坏竞争的行为不作为等进行规制。在欧共体法院的有力保障下,这些规则在推动欧洲一体化进程中发挥了重要作用,特别是其中的竞争规则,因其具有中立、开放之品格而成为规范经济和政治关系、促进共同体市场建立的核心手段和"发动机"。     

国家干预经济中政府失灵的人性解读及控制

对政府失灵及其缘由的追寻和考究,是经济法学人长期以来的不懈追求,也获得了诸多真知灼见。然而,鲜有人注意到,人性中的"强"、"群"、"乐"等因素,才是政府失灵更为深刻的原因,从干预者人性的角度对政府失灵进行解读,可以为我们提供一个可靠的认识论基础,也可为经济法克服政府失灵提供有效方向和路径。     

论税收之债的溯及变更和消灭

税收为法定之债,于法律规定之税收构成要件充分时而发生,且在发生后原则上即具有不可溯及变更和消灭性。但在法定情形下,作为例外,对已经成立的税收之债可进行溯及调整。税收之债溯及变更和消灭的事由包括基础处理决定的作成、废弃或变更,法律行为的无效、撤销、解除、附条件的成就,形成权的行使,税收优惠条件的丧失,税收法律的溯及适用,强制执行的回转等。溯及调整税收债务,应遵循一般程序和特别程序的规定。     

经济法之“国家干预”的理性分析

经济法作为国家干预市场经济的法律规范,对其理性的思考有利于探讨国家干预市场模式。分析经济法之"国家干预"理性主义的本质及其法律内涵,在对经济法形式理性和实质理性价值分析的基础上,探讨经济法之"国家干预"行为的形式理性和实质理性应辩证地统一于社会本位原则。     

Replevin – Repeal or Retain?

In the light of the current Green Paperproposing extensive reform of bailiff'slaw in England and Wales, this article weighsup the arguments for and against retaining themedieval remedy of replevin (a processfor the summary recovery of goods seized indistraint and the subsequent trial of thelegality of their seizure). The common law andstatutory provisions are reviewed and compared.It is concluded that there is no need to retainreplevin, as the statutory procedure availablein cases of wrongful interference withgoods provide equivalent remedies, without anyof the procedural and costs disadvantages ofreplevin.     

How do interests,ideas, and institutions affect multisectoral governance? The case of tobacco governance in two Pacific small island developing states

Multisectoral governance has been recognized to be vital to regulate harmful commodity industries, yet countries struggle with reaching policy coherence due to government agencies' conflicting mandates and industry interference. Limited empirical evidence is available on how interests, ideas, and institutions intersect and influence multisectoral governance in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Pacific small island developing states (PSIDS), often exploited by vested industry interests and whose non-communicable disease crisis commands urgent action to regulate harmful commodities. This study assessed the ways interests, ideas, and institutions intersect and shape multisectoral tobacco governance in PSIDS. Interviewee data collected in Fiji and Vanuatu show that the idea of individual responsibility, the limited recognition of commercial determinants of health, the centralization of authority, and the vulnerabilities of small island developing states, (including small population, land, economy, geographic isolation, and status as a developing economy), prevent these states from achieving policy coherence in multisectoral tobacco governance.