试论汉语新词新语翻译原则及其翻译质量

近年来,随着我国政治、经济、科技、社会生活诸方面的急剧变化,一批又一新词新语应运而生。如此一来使得汉语新词翻译研究成为学界一个新的热点,汉语新词新语翻译实践也就成为新的增长点。目前我国的汉语新词新语翻译在取得良好成绩的同时,也存在着不少的问题。本文结合一些具体实例,就汉英新词新语翻译中经常出现的问题进行较为深入的探讨以期抛砖引玉。     

文化差异与习语翻译

本文从生存环境、习俗差异、宗教信仰、历史典故等方面阐述了英汉习语中所反映的文化差异,并分析了英汉习语翻译的具体原则和方法。如:直译法、同义习语借用法、意译法、增添法、还原法。     

Rearranging the figures on the tapestry: what Japanese direct translation of European texts can tell us about kanbun kundoku

Abstract

From the earliest stages of reading and writing in the Japanese archipelago, the methodology of kanbun kundoku (vernacular reading of literary Sinitic) has been an important means of engagement with Chinese texts. The kanbun kundoku process of glossing and syntactic rearrangement transforms a literary Sinitic source text into a kind of ‘translationese’ that preserves as closely as possible the diction and structure of the original while making it accessible to readers who may have little or no competence in spoken varieties of Chinese. Yet whether this process should be understood as fundamentally a form of translation is a matter of debate among scholars. In this article, I argue that looking at the early modern phenomenon of ōbun kundoku, by which Japanese scholars applied kundoku methodology to European languages (including Latin, Portuguese, Dutch and English), can offer a valuable perspective. These forms of direct translation are an important although comparatively under-studied aspect of Japanese encounters with European texts and they offer an instructive perspective on kanbun kundoku: the longstanding Japanese method of engagement with foreign-language texts that was their inspiration. The theoretical writings of Japan’s early modern scholars of Dutch unmistakably acknowledge a basic commonality between these two forms of kundoku while also clarifying the ways in which the application of kundoku to European languages was distinct from application to literary Sinitic.     

Torn in translation: An ethnographic study of regulatory decision‐making in Turkey

There is much literature on the diffusion and translation of regulatory agencies from the perspective of formal political models. Ethnographic research of regulation process is, however, much less common. This is even more evident with regards to the study of regulatory agencies established outside the “West.” This article analyzes the translation process of the Turkish tobacco regulatory agency, which was established in 2002, under commitments made to the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Based on an ethnographic analysis of two controversial cases, the study shows that tobacco regulation was being shaped and pursued in an environment of ambivalence and uncertainty. The study concludes that the decision‐making process of the agency is context‐specific and constructed within the perpetual struggles and interactions among the actors involved in this process.     

曲译“忠贞”：《巴黎茶花女遗事》对晚清贞节观念的新演绎

《巴黎茶花女遗事》是中国近代最有影响力的翻译小说之一。在这部小说中,译者林纾不但用古文笔法重塑了＂茶花女＂的忠贞形象,更对妇女忠贞评判标准做了巧妙的演绎,使＂贞节＂评判的重心不在＂性贞＂,而是转移到＂情贞＂上,肯定以＂真挚之爱＂为核心的两性道德,拉开了五四前后贞节观念辩论的序幕。     

静态与动态——英汉用词差异及其翻译

英汉用词差异很大：英语倾向于多用名词、介词、形容词等呈静态词类,是一种静态的语言;汉语倾向于多用动词,叙述呈动态,是一种动态的语言。蕴藏在语言表面形态差异之下的是中西方思维、哲学观和文化心理的巨大差异。英汉两种语言的互译要充分尊重译入语的表达习惯。因此,词类静态动态灵活转换的翻译策略对提高译文质量有着重要意义。     

英语修辞中的转喻翻译探析

转喻(metonymy)是英语中广泛应用的一种修辞格。妥善运用转喻修辞格可使语言简洁明快、具体形象,并给人以新鲜感。在翻译英语转喻修辞时,应首选“直译”。当直译很难达意时,可灵活机动地采取“意译”、“增译”和“引申译”等方法,以便将原文转喻修辞格的韵味风格完美地传译出来。     

英汉互译"零翻译"研究--兼谈"政法职业学院"校名英译

无论是英译汉还是汉译英,既要考虑译文忠实于原文,又必须避免译文与原文出现语义错位而产生误译,这就要求译者在翻译实践中学会从语言学等级体系里找准原文的“翻译单位”,即找到合适的语言层面作为翻译单位来对原文进行正确的、不引起误解的翻译。如果出现语义错位现象,可作“零翻译”处理。本文试图从“翻译单位”和“零翻译”的视角探讨“政法职业学院”的校名英译问题。     

广告翻译的最佳关联策略

广告翻译涉及诸多因素,当前的广告翻译存在不尽如人意之处,尤其没有一个统一的广告翻译标准来指导翻译实践。广告翻译有必要寻求自身的理论依据,制定符合自身的翻译原则和标准。Sperber ＆ Wilson的关联理论填补了这一空缺。语言交际实际上是一个明示一推理过程,其核心就是寻求最佳关联。广告以及广告翻译都是人类的交际行为。广告翻译的核心就是译者在翻译的过程中掌握好最佳关联策略,即译文与译文读者之间存在的最佳关联性。     

谈功能对等理论在汉英翻译中的运用 --以"人民"一词的英语翻译为例

在英语翻译中,要实现原语和译语之间的对等,在翻译的内容上要"再现原语信息"最切近的对等,在翻译形式上要找到"顺乎自然"的对等.这一点可以从"人民"一词的英译功能充分体现出来.