法国公务员行政赔偿责任制度评介

公务员行政赔偿责任涉及到行政相对人、公务员和行政主体三方的关系,是国家赔偿制度的重要组成部分,法国公务员行政赔偿责任制度历经发展,形成了以"个人过错"为核心的、允许行政相对人直接向公务员求偿的行政赔偿责任制度,并通过一系列判例确认了各项具体制度,易于操作,达到了合法性与效率之间的理性与平衡.     

关于公司法实施中的若干问题

在公司法实施中暴露的主要问题是发起人虚假出资、控制股东行为不规范、公司人格混同及被滥用现象突出。完善公司立法应立足中国国情,统一公司与企业法,重构公司资本制度,降低公司设立门槛,完善公司治理,细化债权人保护规则以增强法的可诉性;在公司司法方面,宜完善司法解释并由最高人民法院公布公司案例,发挥其引导作用;在揭开公司面纱方面尤其应结合中国的国情和司法实践,而不宜机械地照般国外的理论。     

论绑架案件侦查与人权保障

当前,刑事案件侦查中是否尊重人权成为社会关注的热点问题,绑架案件侦查中涉及到多方人员基本人权保障问题,引人注目,尤其公开绑架人质案件的接连发生,使人们对绑架案件的人权问题极为关注。人权观念在绑架案件侦查中的确立与发展包括三方面内容:一是“人质安全第一”观念的提出和实践;二是从一元安全观到多元安全平衡价值观的思辩;三是可持续性侦查策略与措施的凸现。     

受教育权的国家义务研究

在国际人权法上 ,国家是促进和保护受教育权的基本义务主体。除承担尊重、保护和实施受教育权的一般性义务以外 ,国家还应承担建立和保护受教育权的具体义务和特别义务。另外 ,国家需承担确保国内教育和国际教育目的相符合以及为每一个人提供初等教育等核心义务。国家所承担的上述义务既是“渐进性”的 ,也是“即刻性”的 ,其实质性义务和程序性义务仍处于不对称性状态     

北京地区人群(汉族)人血清备解素因子B分布频率的调查及其在血痕中的检出

作者采用琼脂糖凝胶高压电泳、PAGIEF及免疫固定技术测定了北京地区234份健康人(汉族)血清Bf的分布。其表型频率为SS171人,FS49人,FF8人,SS07 4人,FS07 1人及SS045 1人;基因频率为Bf~S=0.8462,Bf~F=0.1410,Bf~(S07)=0.0107,Bf~(S045)=0.0021。Bf表型分布与Hardy-Weinberg定律相吻合。经测定室温保存的已知Bf型的22份血痕,其可检出时限为3周。并将Bf型测定用于检案的血痕分析及亲权鉴定。     

Beliefs About Wife Beating Among Arab Men from Israel: The Influence of Their Patriarchal Ideology

Despite the recent increase in public and professional interest in the problem of wife beating in Arab society, in Israel, and in the rest of the Arab world, there is a serious lack of empirical research on different dimensions of the problem in those societies. This paper presents the results of a survey conducted among a systematic random sample of 362 Arab husbands from Israel, in an attempt to examine the contribution of patriarchal ideology toward explaining their beliefs about wife beating. Although about 58% of the participants indicated that there is no excuse for a man to beat his wife, 15–62% still justified wife beating on certain occasions (e.g., adultery, failure to obey husbands, disrespect for parents and relatives). In addition, although the participants tended to perceive abusive and violent husbands as responsible for their behavior, 52% still expressed understanding of that behavior and, on some occasions, 23–43% even blamed the wife for violence against her. Regression and multiple regression analyses revealed that over and above the participants' age and level of education, their masculine sex-role stereotypes, negative and traditional attitudes toward women, nonegalitarian marital role expectations, and familial patriarchal beliefs were the most significant predictors of beliefs about wife beating. Implications of the results and limitations of the study are also discussed.     

预防跨国腐败犯罪对策研究论要

在预防跨国腐败犯罪的具体制度建设层面各国有所不同。结合本国国情进行预防跨国腐败犯罪制度研究,必须重视两方面的制度建设:一是完善本国立法,二是借鉴别国经验。     

Corporatism packaged in pluralist ideology: the case of Slovenia

Corporatism has been an influential doctrine in the Slovenian polity since its beginning. After the onset of democratization in the early 1990s, its influence remains strong. Forms of corporatism are embodied in the National Council as the second chamber of parliament, in the chamber system, the system of social partnership and the RTVS (Public Television of Slovenia) Council. It is also present in certain socio-political priorities such as a higher value being placed on partnership over competition, on fairness over human rights, on community over individualism. Social pluralism has always been a part of Slovenian public life. Political pluralism emerged at the end of the 19th century and was never fully developed. There has always been a strong inclination in the political life of Slovenia to organize around interest groups and editorial boards of various publications, a tendency that reveals a plurality of voices but a general unwillingness to fight for political power. It could also be concluded that the development of pluralism in Slovenia relies heavily on corporatism because of the general lack of liberal foundations.     

透视犯罪嫌疑人的保障机制

在侦查过程中应当加强对犯罪嫌疑人权益的保护 ,防止冤假错案的发生。但在实践中 ,犯罪嫌疑人的保障机制暴露出种种问题。应采取相应的对策加以解决。     

知识产权与人权:后TRIPS时代的知识产权国际保护

TRIPS的产生,在促进知识产权国际保护发展的同时,也被认为造成了知识产权制度与国际人权法之间的冲突。从立法宗旨上讲,不管对知识产权采用什么样的措辞,知识产权保护应与维护人类尊严和实现其他人权相一致。所以,我们必须开展有关研究工作,探寻如何在包括TRIPS在内的国际条约框架下,协调好知识产权与人权之间的关系;具体说来,知识产权国际保护制度必须以国际人权公约的价值取向为指导,在保护作者精神权、隐私权、公共健康与环境等方面进行制度改革。