Labour market risks and political preferences: The case of temporary employment

The political economy literature has gathered compelling evidence that labour market risks shape political preferences. Accordingly, insecurity fuels support for redistribution and left parties. This article analyses this argument for temporary workers, a so far neglected risk category which has increased dramatically in the past two decades. Temporary workers also have been in the focus of recent insider‐outsider debates. Some authors in this line of research have argued that temporary work leads to political disenchantment – for example, non‐instrumental responses such as vote abstention or protest voting. This contradicts risk‐based explanations of political preferences. The article discusses both theoretical perspectives and derives conflicting hypotheses for the empirical analysis of temporary workers' policy and party preferences. The review reveals considerable ambiguity regarding the questions which parties temporary workers can be expected to support and what the underlying motives for party choice are. Synthesising arguments from both perspectives, the article proposes an alternative argument according to which temporary workers are expected to support the ‘new’ left – that is, green and other left‐libertarian parties. It is argued that this party family combines redistributive policies with outsider‐friendly policy design. Using individual‐level data from the European Social Survey for 15 European countries, the article supports this argument by showing that temporary, compared to permanent, workers exhibit higher demand for redistribution and stronger support for the new left. Neither the risk‐based nor the insider‐outsider explanations receive full support. In particular, no signs of political disenchantment of temporary workers can be found. Thus, the findings challenge central claims of the insider‐outsider literature.     

反贪工作风险评估预警机制的构建

检察机关在反贪办案中构建独立的风险评估预警机制,不仅能促使检察机关正确行使职务犯罪侦查权,而且有利于检察机关参与并创新社会管理,防范社会风险。检察机关应在准确把握反贪工作风险评估预警的基础上,全面、严格实施评估预警方案,提升执法公信力,维护社会和谐稳定。     

犯罪主体的认知差异及其实证研究

实证研究发现,人们对犯罪严重性及其惩罚的排序较为一致,支持了犯罪学领域中的共识模式。但受调查者的个体特征(年龄、性别、民族、宗教)显著影响他们对犯罪严重性及其惩罚的认知,具体表现在评分均值的差异。从个体的主体性角度看,后现代法学批判了意志自由和理性主体,强调人的实践性和有限理性。舒茨的主体间性理论和哈耶克的知识分散论表明,自我的意义确立过程和对他人经验的理解是两种完全不同的经验图式和解释图式,诠释了不同主体之间的认知差异。     

从“支付宝事件”析VIE模式的法律风险与监管对策

马云转让支付宝股权事件发生后,中国企业在境外上市所采用的VIE模式开始进入学界的关注视野。从公司法和金融监管的角度探析VIE模式中的法律风险,在梳理自上世纪90年代开始对企业境外上市的监管法规的基础上,尊重VIE模式的市场生成逻辑,树立实质主义的监管思路,建构对VIE模式的监管体系。     

互联网金融的风险评估及对刑法适用之影响

互联网金融的快速发展对我国金融创新、金融环境的优化以及中小企业融资产生巨大的推动作用,同时也会带来一些风险,并对刑事法律的适用产生较为深远的影响。互联网金融可能导致洗钱犯罪、信用卡诈骗、盗窃、诈骗、职务侵占等犯罪的加剧,也使得非法吸收公众存款罪、非法经营罪、擅自设立金融机构罪的适用范围面临调整。刑法应当充分尊重互联网金融存在的合理性,肯定金融创新。一方面,坚持刑法调整的补充性;另一方面,对于确因互联网金融而引发的金融犯罪行为,刑法介入应坚持及时性、准确性和适度性,从而发挥刑法对金融秩序和社会稳定的屏障作用。     

在职民警教育培训及其风险问题研究

教育培训是警察人力资源开发的主要途径,但不少在职民警在接受教育培训后,因组织内部和民警个人等原因而离开了原单位,公安人才面临着流失风险。应为民警设计一套职业发展通道,对民警采取必要的保护措施,提高职业培训的针对性,建立有效的人力资源管理制度,尊重人才,建立稳固的心理契约,以解决公安人才流失问题。     

科技在风险社会中的利益与风险分配——以转基因技术为视角

科技的发展促成了风险社会的形成。风险社会中的风险有着向下层聚集的特点。以转基因技术为例,在转基因商品化和产业化的过程中,利益被发达国家、跨国公司、生产企业和科学家等获得,而风险却集中在发展中国家的普通消费者尤其是农民身上。根据可持续发展原则,在科技发展中,利益集团有能力也有义务承担更多风险,并在保障普通大众的基本权益不受损害的前提下,优先考虑大众的利益。     

“一带一路”区域劳动关系风险状况与发展趋势

"一带一路"倡议提出以来,对国家贸易拉动效应明显,但中资企业劳动关系受区域风险因素影响逐步显现。各区域风险因素中,国家因素是首要原因,雇主和工程因素次之。在"一带一路"24个港口国家中有20个国家的劳动关系风险集中在中度风险,而阿尔及利亚与巴哈马的劳动关系风险等级是高度风险,安全度最低,加拿大与坦桑尼亚为一般风险,安全度最高。中资企业与当地的政治、经济、文化、社会环境产生互联融通,使中国劳动关系总体呈现"两极化"的发展态势:一极向微观网络延伸,伴随互联网+平台企业的崛起,劳动关系风险呈现网络化发展趋势;另一极向宏观区域延伸,伴随"一带一路"倡议的推进,劳动关系风险呈现区域化趋势。     

How Online Platform Work on Perceived Risk of Online Financial Products

Prior literatures about online financial products have neglected the platform element and the research has been done from the perspective of the consumers. Since both consumers and lending platforms are important elements in research of perceived risk, this paper attempts to connect consumers and the Internet platforms with P2P lending platform as the subject under the framework of perceived risk theory and tests the effect of P2P platform on perceived risk and the moderating effect of consumers on the relationship between them. Results different from the study of the traditionally perceived risk show that credibility has significant positive effect on privacy risk and functional risk. Convenience affects the perceived risk and financial risk positively. Practicability affects the perceived risk, psychological risk and social risk positively. Age has significantly negative moderating effect on the relationship of the Internet and the perceived risk among the female samples. Finally, marketing strategies are proposed for the P2P lending platform based on the results above.     

Do referendum results change norm perceptions and personal opinions?

Referendums are often seen as a means to legitimize the outcome as the new norm and increase acceptance of the outcome. Do referendums actually have these effects? More precisely, do voters recognize the referendum result as the new norm? And do voters go as far as to change their own minds in accord with the referendum result? We explore these questions using a panel survey that we conducted in Ireland before and after the abortion referendum that was held on May 25, 2018. We find that, after the referendum, voters updated their norm perceptions in the direction of the referendum result. However, we find inconsistent evidence that the referendum convinced voters to change their personal opinions about abortion. The findings provide insights on the power and the limit of referendums in increasing policy agreement among voters.