育龄妇女身份的探索研究——基于社会性别公平视角对DQ县的调查

为了探索中国育龄妇女在计划生育中的身份地位,本文通过DQ县的田野调查,访问了女性64人,男性19人,从社会性别公平的理念出发,阐述了在计划生育优质服务过程中,中国育龄妇女在生育和节育方面的身份地位状况,分析了计划生育优质服务对育龄妇女身份地位的影响,发现了育龄妇女虽仍处于计划生育"客体"的地位,但其主体性意识已经开始觉醒;最后,为确立育龄妇女的主体身份提出了几点建议.     

Social Capital and Public Policy – The Current Challenge Facing the Victorian Government

Social capital, since Putnam's 1993 work, has captured the imagination of policy‐makers the world over, and Australia is no exception. In 2005 the Department of Victorian Communities launched its Actions for Community Strengthening policy statement, which draws heavily on social capital theory. This article explores the theoretical underpinnings of the government's policy and critiques its failure to deal adequately with the causal relationship between social capital and its supposed community benefits. The article then seeks to isolate the missing factors through a look at recent research on volunteerism and argues that the institution of collaborative/interactive governance needs to be underpinned by sound socio‐economic reform.     

警察自由裁量权:如何有效地管理?--从警察行政管理的角度分析

在警察的日常执法活动中,警察机关和警察个体拥有较大的自由裁量权.其产生的原因是由执法过程本身的特殊规律所形成的;由警察执法的优先选择性所带来的;由警察面对的大量"违法"事件的性质所决定的.自由裁量权的使用具有如下特点警察行使自由裁量权已对公正执法产生了一定的影响;警察自由裁量权的使用因面临的局势不同而各异;警察处理治安案件比刑事案件更倾向于使用自由裁量权.对警察的自由裁量权实施管理的有效措施强化警察的思想道德教育,切实提高正确使用自由裁量权的能力;树立新的执法观念;促进自由裁量权的合理使用;特别重视警察自由裁量权的控制问题,尽量减小其滥用的可能性.     

从公共行政人员角色变迁看行政伦理

在转型期 ,公共行政人员的道德缺失显得不可避免 ,尽管有各种解决方案 ,但行政伦理仍然不可或缺。但对“公仆”的传统定位无助于形成合理的对行政伦理的理解。引入当前政府治道变革中的“顾客导向”使得公仆的定位回归到应有的位置 ,在这个维度行政伦理同样重要 ,且有助于实现公众期望与公共行政人员行为的契合。在此基础上 ,行政伦理制度化刻不容缓     

论公安院校学生警察角色意识的培养

警察角色意识就是对警察地位、作用、形象理解和掌握的自觉性、准确性、倾向性的总体反映。警察角色意识的培养是公安院校学生教育的重要方面,主要内容包括:警察职业动机,警察价值观,警察职业道德,警察纪律作风和职业形象。     

Like-Sex Versus Opposite-Sex Effects in Transmission of Gender Role Ideology from Parents to Adolescents in Israel

The study examined whether transmission of gender role ideology is more prevalent among parents and children of the same sex (like-sex effect) than among parents and children of the opposite sex (opposite-sex effect). Gender role ideology was assessed on the basis of 2 factors: gender role stereotypes and occupational sex-typing. The research sample consisted of 134 fathers, 134 mothers, and 134 Israeli adolescents (equally divided among girls and boys). Moderate correlations (ranging from 0.22 to 0.58) were found between parents and children, which indicate a partial like-sex effect. Specifically, father–son correlations in gender-role attitudes were higher than father–daughter correlations. Regarding occupational sex-typing, the same pattern was found only for attitudes toward masculine occupations. As far as mothers were concerned, no like-sex effect was found for either aspect of gender role ideology. Mothers were found to have the most liberal gender role attitudes, while children expressed less liberal attitudes, and fathers expressed the most traditional attitudes. As far as occupational sex-typing is concerned, mothers expressed the most liberal attitudes, while no significant differences were found between fathers and children. All family members expressed more traditional attitudes toward in-home roles than toward outside roles, and maintained more stereotyped perceptions of masculine tasks than those of feminine tasks.     

三方协商机制的建立任重道远

劳动关系三方协商机制在我国尚处在初创阶段,如何提高其作用实效是当前实践中引人关注的焦点。围绕这一问题本文从五个方面进行了探讨,从中得出的基本结论是:三方协商机制从培育至臻于完善需要历经一个艰辛的探索进程。     

刍议公安机关行政执法中的自由裁量权

行政自由裁量权是现代行政的必然产物,是公安机关行政执法权力的重要组成部分,但由于自由裁量权本身所固有的"自由"属性使其在公安行政执法中出现被滥用的现象。为防止自由裁量权被滥用,除了要求执法人员在适用自由裁量权时应遵循一定的原则外,关键是采取有效措施对适用自由裁量权的行为进行监督和控制。     

试论在刑事审判中以“参照”方式适用法律

在现行刑法概括性、抽象性的条款较多和法律解释不够系统完善、且滞后的状况下,以"参照"方式适用法律显得十分必要;其目的符合刑法基本原则和量刑一般原则,其本质是法官自由裁量权的具体运用;但需要加以合理规范。     

新闻从业者的媒介角色认知--兼论舆论监督的记者主体作用

调查表明,在上海这个国内经济活动最为活跃、舆论监督却乏善可陈的城市,"以天下为己任"的道德传统,依然是今天的新闻从业者个人价值体系中的重要底色。对于大多数新闻从业者来说,选择从事新闻工作,更多地是出于对大众传播媒介所能够担负起重要的社会道义责任的向往,同时也出于自身的兴趣爱好。至于对名利的追逐,显然并不是选择新闻业的首要因素。这一点,正是记者作为正在走向专业化的个体,在新闻媒介实行舆论监督当中发挥作用的重要思想基础。