Frustration effects in procedural justice research: The case of drug-testing legislation

A scenario methodology was used to investigate reactions to negative outcomes resulting from drug-testing procedures. The drug-testing procedures reflected variations in State law governing the use of drug tests in employee selection. Results suggest that individuals responded most negatively to negative outcomes resulting from the legally mandated procedures. Results are discussed as an example of the frustration effect observed in the procedural justice literature. Frustration effects were most severe for individuals who were most certain, based on personal knowledge, that the drug test results were inaccurate.     

Public Administration Dilemmas: An Analysis of Teachers’ Perceptions of the Effects of Performance Evaluation in Post-Colonial South Africa

The adoption of the principles of New Public Management by many governments across the world was invariably accompanied by the implementation of performance evaluation. It is generally accepted that performance evaluation optimizes the performance of workers. As part of a broader investigation which employed a mixed methods approach, the study used data from six interviews with high school principals and 100 survey questionnaires with purposively selected high school teachers in uMgungundlovu District of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In the analysis of this data, the paper demonstrates that beyond the obvious benefits of performance evaluation such as improvement in performance, there are also unintended consequences such as a narrow focus on measured output, teacher burnout, and falsification of information in order to maximize credit or to avoid punishment. This study illustrates the understandings of high school educators in uMgungundlovu District of the effects of performance evaluation. The findings have important implications for public administration and scholars alike.     

Communist socialization and post-communist economic and political attitudes

We investigate the effect of individual exposure to communism on support for democracy and capitalism. We examine whether this effect varies across different types of communism, at different periods of people's lives, in different countries, and across different types of individuals. To do so, we propose a modified approach to solving the APC problem that relies on (a) survey data from multiple countries (b) historically defined cohorts and (c) variation in the time-periods related to these cohorts across countries. We provide a series of robustness tests for the method, and show that results are not very sensitive to panel structure. We conclude that generally communism had an indoctrinating effect, with more exposure to communism resulting in more opposition to democracy and capitalism.     

The effects of election polls in Mexico's 2018 presidential campaign

This research note presents the results of an experimental design to study the effects of poll releases in Mexico's 2018 presidential campaign. Our research design allows us to test the conditions in which polling information can alter voters' reported preferences. The results show that the exposure to polling results makes respondents more likely to identify themselves as undecided. We interpret this change as a sign of voters' willingness to form veridical attitudes. To support this interpretation, we show that the effect is stronger among citizens with the ability and motivation to elaborate on the polling information. The findings contribute to the debate about the consequences of publishing pre-election poll results that show a clear advantage for one of the candidates.     

中国环境治理的主要成效与思路研究

改革开放以来,中国环境治理理念日益明确,环境治理成效显著增强,环境治理法制不断完善,环境治理机构不断健全。但中国在环境治理能力、治理机制、治理法律、治理手段等方面仍然面临着挑战。需要借鉴国外经验,从环境立法执法、市场工具运用、发展绿色经济、提升治理科技水平和扩大公众参与等方面加强环境治理。     

现代化进程中宪政的有无及其治道影响——法英美三国历史经验与当下世界各国宪政复兴的启示

现代化进程中的治道问题研究一直是学界的热点,不过,以宪政有无为线索的考察与比较研究还不是很多。事实证明,宪政是制度中的重中之重,而一旦出现宪政缺失,它对社会治道的消极影响远非一般制度能比。由此也决定了在研究现代化进程中的治道问题时,宪政是一个不容忽视的线索。通过考察近代法、英、美三国现代化进程中宪政的有无及其治道影响,以及当下世界各国宪政的复兴及其所引发的治道变革,可以发现宪政之于人类制度文明、之于人类现代化进程中良治的实现有着不可替代作用。     

上海旅游业创汇与就业效应分析

随着旅游业在国民经济中地位的不断提高，旅游经济效应对区域经济发展的重要性也日益凸显，而创汇效应与就业效应是旅游经济效应的重要组成部分。该文利用上海市2000-2012年的相关数据，分析了上海旅游经济的创汇效应及就业效应。通过分析可得出以下结论：一是上海旅游业创汇增速快于出口创汇增速，但其占出口创汇的比重则持续减少；二是上海旅游业增加值每增加1单位，全社会可增加384个直接和间接的就业机会，也就是说旅游业每提供100个直接就业机会，可带动相关产业提供79个间接就业机会。     

浅谈网络舆论对侦查询问的影响

刑事案件发生后,网络上充斥着大量有关该案的信息,侦查人员接触这些信息,会形成偏见,以至在侦查询问中提出带有暗示性和倾向性的问题;而记忆是可塑的,信息误导效应会利用记忆的可塑性在证人不自知的情况下,改变其记忆;网络舆论的倾向性,也会影响证人的情绪和立场,影响证人的作证动机。     

论强化思想政治工作情感效益的几个问题

在思想政治工作中创设积极有益的情感效应,有利于转化受教育者的思想观点.文章从五个方面阐述了如何强化思想政治工作的情感效应创造良好环境,强化情感的调节效应;革新交流方式,强化情感的信号效应;建立共鸣渠道,强化情感的感染效应;引导自我调适,强化情感的动力效应;增进沟通认同,强化情感的迁移效应.     

浅析女性犯罪心理形成的社会历史因素

社会历史对女性犯罪心理有着重要的影响，历史上形成的男尊女思想、三从四德的观念以及封建贞节观是女性犯罪心理形成的社会历史根源。家庭教育和学校教育和社会传媒等多方面的共同努力，是消除社会历史上不良因素影响的有效途径。