食品安全风险评估公众参与的制度化建构

现代科技使人类进入德国社会学家贝克所言的“风险社会”。食品安全风险就是诸多风险之一,行政机关需要对食品安全风险进行规制,而食品安全风险评估是进行风险规制的前提。一般认为食品安全风险评估是纯粹科学事务,仅靠科学专家的参与即可,法律只需保证由相关专家参与其中。然而,科学具有不确定性,专家亦有其局限,必须引入公众参与机制以弥补科学、专家的缺陷,进行制度化的设计,包括前提性制度、核心制度、事后制度。     

语言输出理论与英语写作教学

大学非英语专业教学普遍存在学生语言输出过少的现象,本文以语言输出理论为依据,提出强调英语写作教学以增加学生语言输出,促成语言知识的重构和程序化,从而增强学生的语言实际运用能力。并结合教学实践的基础,着重探讨了英语写作课堂教学中教师和学生的角色定位问题和形成性评价在英语写作教学中的运用机制。提出了相应的写作课堂的教学模式。     

论基层信访考核指标体系的设定

信访考核指标是社会指标的一种,设定信访考核指标只有遵行一定的要求才能实现指标的功能。就当前基层政府信访考核的指标设定来看,这些指标并没有遵守指标设定的一些基本要求。基层信访考核指标设定的原则主要有指标符合信访价值取向、根据结果的性质设定指标、指标设定与考核目标的一致以及考核指标的范围包括源与流等等。在这些原则的基础上基层信访考核应当重新设定,即围绕着依法行政、立案、办理程序以及三级终结这四个关键指标设定。从而实现信访能够化解矛盾、维护法律秩序稳定等结果。     

W/O型黄芩苷纳米乳的制备及质量评价

目的 制备W/O型黄芩苷纳米乳并对其质量进行评价。方法 通过优化处方工艺制得W/O型黄芩苷纳米乳,并对其外观、粒径、载药量及稳定性进行考察,采用高效液相色谱法测定纳米乳中黄芩苷的含量,检测波长为280 nm。结果 W/O型黄芩苷纳米乳为均一透明的液体,平均粒径为（63.40±1.10）nm,载药量为9.5 mg/mL。黄芩苷在12.40～310.00 μg/mL浓度范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,r=0.999 7。高、中、低质量浓度的黄芩苷供试品溶液平均加样回收率分别为99.88%、99.01%、100.31%,RSD均小于0.87%。黄芩苷纳米乳在常温和低温条件下贮存30 d,含量无明显变化。结论 制备的W/O型黄芩苷纳米乳质量稳定可靠,建立的高效液相色谱法操作简便、快捷、重复性好,可用于测定纳米乳中黄芩苷的含量。     

Individual and Marital Consequences of Victimization: Moderating Effects of Relationship Efficacy and Spouse Support

Marital dissatisfaction and depression are common characteristics of abused women. In this investigation, we attempted to identify variables that might buffer women's marital satisfaction and stability, and their psychological adjustment against the effects of verbal and physical abuse. Verbal and physical victimization had significant negative direct effects on women's marital satisfaction: victimized women were characterized by less satisfaction and less stability regardless of their sense of relationship efficacy or their perceptions of spousal support. However, the effects of victimization on women's depression were moderated by relationship efficacy, perceived intimacy, and acceptance of emotional expression provided by the spouse: nonvictimized women who perceived more support and felt more efficacious, relative to those who felt less support and less efficacy, experienced fewer depressive symptoms, while victimized women who perceived more support and felt more efficacious in their relationships, relative to those characterized by less support and less efficacy, experienced more depressive symptoms. In the context of marital violence, increasing levels of relationship efficacy and perceptions of spouse support may be accompanied by an increase in the risk for depressive reactions.     

浅谈派出所等级评定工作

自2002年以来,楚雄州10县(市)公安机关十分重视派出所等级评定工作,在派出所业务工作建设、队伍建设,后勤保障建设等方面取得了明显成效,积累了经验,有力地推进了派出所正规化和规范化建设进程,但还存在几个方面的主要问题:一是发展不平衡;二是内部管理松懈;三是基础工作不扎实;四是申报工作不认真。因此,需要认真思考和研究。     

法学专业教学质量评估的制度构想

随着高等教育的逐步发展与成熟 ,对教育质量的监控与评估成为一个非常引人关注的问题。法学专业由于自身的特色 ,所以其质量的保证具有鲜明的时代意义。在以往院校评估的制度与经验的基础之上 ,对于法学专业评估制度进行建构是当务之急。专业评估应当分层次、注重针对性、达到科学化。专业评估的依据是国家有关立法和法学教育的内在要求 ;专业评估的目的是以评促建、以评促改 ;专业评估应注重体现法学教育质量的基本方面 ,如专业教师师资、图书资料、教学方案、学生表现等。     

The parental problem-solving measure: Further evaluation with maltreating and nonmaltreating parents

Inability to solve problems related to parenting and other aspects of daily living is hypothesized to result in frustration or inability to cope, and contribute to the occurrence of problematic parental behavior such as physical abuse or neglect. The present investigation evaluated the Parental Problem-Solving Measure (PPSM), a procedure for measuring parental problem-solving skill of maltreating and nonmaltreating parents. Subjects were 60 parents with at least one child between the ages of 2 and 12. Subjects belonged to one of three groups: (a) physically abusive and/or neglectful parents (n=27); (b) nonmaltreating clinic parents seeking help for child behavior problems (n=12); and (c) nonmaltreating, non-help-seeking community parents (n=21). Results demonstrated the interrater reliability, internal consistency, and temporal stability of the PPSM and its five subscales. Support is also provided for the convergent and discriminant validity of the measure.     

国外公务员考核制度述评

有一支高素质高效率的公务员队伍,对国家的政策实施、社会管理是极其重要的,而科学合理的考核机制对保障这支队伍的高效、廉洁至关重要。在公务员考核制度方面比较先进的英、美、法、新加坡等国家的做法值得我国借鉴。     

关于青年学生组织发展过程中的社会评价系统的思考

文章围绕高等学校青年组织发展这一主题 ,从意义、作用及构成内容等角度对其社会评价进行了分析和论述 ,并提出了组织发展的公示制度的设想。