语篇解读中的语境因素

语境是语篇赖以生成的环境,语篇的理解离不开语境,语境是影响语篇理解的关键因素之一。语境在语篇解读中具有解释、制约的功能,具有补充、生成功能,因此,在外语教学中应注意培养学生的语境意识和语境重构能力。     

COLLECTIVE EFFICACY,AUTHORITATIVE PARENTING AND DELINQUENCY: A LONGITUDINAL TEST OF A MODEL INTEGRATING COMMUNITY‐AND FAMILY‐LEVEL PROCESSES*

In this paper, we develop and test hypotheses on how authoritative parenting and collective efficacy combine to increase a child's risk of affiliating with deviant peers and engaging in delinquent behavior. Analyses using two waves of data from a sample of several hundred African American caregivers and their children largely supported the predictions. Over time, increases in collective efficacy within a community were associated with increases in authoritative parenting. Further, both authoritative parenting and collective efficacy served to deter affiliation with deviant peers and involvement in delinquent behavior. Finally, there was evidence of an amplification process whereby the deterrent effect of authoritative parenting on affiliation with deviant peers and delinquency was enhanced when it was administered within a community with high collective efficacy.     

外国人违法犯罪案件英语问话语篇研究——基于情景语境理论的视角

以系统功能语言学中的情景语境理论为指导,对外国人违法案件英语问话语篇进行分析,探索其语篇结构模式、语篇特征、语言特点、语篇交际双方的关系等。     

法律的"概念"澄明——评H.L.A.哈特《法律的概念》

日常语言分析哲学家并新分析实证主义法学的创始人哈特,在《法律的概念》一书中,从语词用法的日常语言分析入手,通过法律"游戏"中第一性规则与第二性规则之结合作为关键的"法律"概念纵向语境把握,以及"主权者"、"命令"、"正义"、"道德"诸概念讨论之"法律"概念横向比较,成功地将法律"概念"的理解由对于某种具有确定客观属性的法律实体的认识转向了日常语言层面的澄明,开创了一个全新的日常语言分析法学流派.     

BEYOND THE BELL CURVE: COMMUNITY DISADVANTAGE AND THE EXPLANATION OF BLACK‐WHITE DIFFERENCES IN ADOLESCENT VIOLENCE*

Disproportionate involvement in violent behavior among African American, versus white, adolescents is a major arena of debate in the social sciences. The individual difference approach draws attention to verbal ability as an explanation of black‐white differences in violence. Sociological theories stress variation in community and family socioeconomic disadvantage. We contrast these causal images of racial differences in serious violence using the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health and contextual modeling. Results indicate that verbal ability has an indirect effect on violence through school achievement, but does not account for the greater involvement in violence among black adolescents. The analysis is most consistent with a sociological model that views the race‐violence link as a spurious outcome of community context.     

从历史的深处走来——漫议转型时期的当代中国政治与司法改革

发端于20世纪80年代的当代中国司法改革，乃是中国社会整体性转型的重要组成部分，其特殊的政治语境尤其值得人们关注。一方面，政治改革必定涉及司法机制和相关原则的调整；另一方面，不断深化的司法改革在一定意义上将推动政治改革和发展，而不仅仅是纯粹法律制度意义上的变革。当代中国直面的这种政治与司法的关系具有深厚的历史根源，政治语境乃是历史性地生成的。     

跨越东西文明的中国现代化路向 --瞿秋白的社会主义价值心路述评

在中国的社会主义思想史中,瞿秋白的学理是其中不可或缺的一环;在某种意义上,如果我们不了解瞿秋白的思想,就不能把握中国式社会主义的演进正脉.客观言之,在瞿氏自成体系的社会主义价值心路中,既涵纳常人难以见及的真知灼见,又含有无可规避的历史局限性;这些都为我们今天建设有中国特色的社会主义留下了深刻的启示.     

正确处理学历教育与在职民警培训的关系，大力加强在职民警培训工作

公安学历教育对在职民警培训具有强大的支撑作用。公安院校在办学过程中要正确处理好学历教育与在职民警培训的关系,坚持公安学历教育与在职民警培训并重发展。以学历教育为依托大力加强在职民警培训工作,一要统一思想认识,进一步强化对民警培训工作的组织领导;二要规范培训环节,切实增强民警培训工作的针对性和实效性;三要创新机制方法,切实推动民警培训工作的发展进步;四要加大投入力度,切实改善在职民警培训的“软”环境和“硬”条件。     

Employer–employee relationships at Lonmin Platinum: A developing South African perspective

Abstract

More than ever, companies are confronted with the importance of developing and maintaining relationships with their strategic stakeholders, such as employees. These relationships should be aimed at balancing the interests of the company with the interests of said stakeholders. Managing relationships with stakeholders is difficult in itself and even more so within the complex context of the South African mining industry. The aim of this article is to determine guidelines that could be used to ascertain employer–employee relationship type and relationship quality in the mining sector. In 2004, a quantitative questionnaire survey was conducted with a stratified quota sample of 508 company employees as part of a commissioned stakeholder perception survey. In addition, qualitative focus-group sessions were conducted to contextualise and clarify the quantitative results. The research indicated that the employer–employee relationship at Lonmin Platinum could be classified as an exchange, rather than a communal relationship. Employees generally perceived the quality of their relationship with the company in a negative way. Employees from all job levels had low levels of trust in the company. This study contributes to a growing body of research aimed at trying to understand the nature of employer–employee relations within large companies in a developing society, where companies are faced with the challenge of communicating to and managing diverse workforces.     

Does free recall moderate the effect of mental context reinstatement instructions on children's cued recall?

Cognitive Interview instructions increase children's recall of events; one important instruction is the mental reinstatement of context. We examined one factor that may affect mental context reinstatement: whether children had the opportunity to freely recall the event before answering cued recall questions. One hundred and fifty-two children aged 6, 9, or 11 years were interviewed twice about a staged event. The event consisted of an argument between two adults about whose turn it was to show the children a film. One week after the event, some of the children received mental context reinstatement instructions before having their cued recall tested. Some children also received a free recall test immediately before the cued recall test. In the second interview, 2 weeks after the first interview, all children freely recalled the event. The results showed no effects of mental context reinstatement instructions and no moderating effect of free recall on children's cued recall. The implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.