“电放”货物的风险及海运单的应用

＂电放＂货物因尚无国际公约或国内法加以规范,因而会对贸易商和承运人带来诸多风险,而结汇银行也难以接受。若能以海运单作为运输单据和结汇单据,充分利用其优越性,则可以在一定程度上化解风险,并满足承运人、贸易商和银行的不同需要,促进国际贸易和海上货物运输的顺利发展。     

国际货物运输的世纪条约——再评《鹿特丹规则》

联合国新通过的《鹿特丹规则》,在内容上有很大变化,引入了不少新的概念,创设了一些新的制度,是一部调整海上货物运输及多式联运的世纪公约。我国应推动该公约尽早生效,并适时地加入公约,以促进我国航运业和国际贸易的发展。     

Do citizens hold mayors accountable for local conditions? Evidence from Italian municipalities

Using data on 75 big Italian municipalities between 2010 and 2015, this paper looks at the extent to which citizens’ evaluations of mayors are responsive to changes in local performance indicators. While local economic and crime measures are found not be associated with mayoral approval ratings, there is a correlation between mayors’ popularity and indicators for local public transportation and air quality. Mayors of municipalities where more individuals use public transport and where there is less polluted air enjoy higher approval ratings. Additional analysis shows that this result is driven by very big municipalities (with a population over 500,000) that are more likely to be exposed to high levels of traffic congestion and pollution.     

Urban sustainability and the emergence of new （old） concepts： Analysis of the sustainable communities concept through the component of transportation

In this paper, I propose to analyze the sustainable communities concept through the perspective of transportation and connectivity. Sustainable communities concept gives more importance to the social dimension that is the centre of the concern, and spatially to the neighbourhood and the complex structure of interactions, activities, fluxes that characterize the urban environment. To understand the concept, I will focus on the principles that underline this concept including the seven components that were defined by Egan （2004）. There will be an approach through the evolution of transportation in cities, a contextualization of the present problems associated with this topic, the explanation of the differences between sustainable transportation and ＂common＂ transportation. The relation between land use patterns and transportation will also be addressed on how sustainable transportation can promote the sense of community in a place. In the final remarks, there will be some proposed measures associated with the concept of sustainable communities.     

East Meets West in Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorist Finance: Policy Dialogue and Differentiation on Security, the Timber Trade and ‘Alternative’ Banking

This paper compares and contrasts South East Asian and European Union countries’ perceptions of the priorities for anti money laundering (AML) and anti terrorist finance (ATF) in relation to three industries: security goods and services; the timber trade; and ‘informal’ value transfer and banking services. It might be expected that all countries would equally support each of these aspects of AML/ATF policies, without differentiating between the industries generating the proceeds. As this paper will show, however, historical experiences, contemporary political relations and patterns of trade shape countries’ approaches, resulting in distinctive enthusiasms and reservations. In a nutshell, the EU points most strongly to products and services originating in Asia as posing AML/CTF risks, and locates primary responsibility for monitoring and control as falling within Asia - a projection of risk and responsibility that is reciprocated by Asian countries. Asian countries perceive a need for tighter control of dangerous products exported by the west, for example, small arms and light weapons, and of related money laundering circuits. Asian and European policy makers increasingly articulate concerns over illegal logging and related laundering, however European importers and their governments see responsibilities for this as falling primarily within Asia. Finally, the EU (like the US) perceives high levels of laundering risk in ‘informal’ value transfer/banking services, in which Asian-run businesses have a global competitive advantage. For the future, as the international balance of trade shifts, and as Asia increases its influence in international fora including those concerned with AML/CTF, so the region’s policy preferences may be expected to carry more weight.

未来海上战争中的海军战略准备与实施

海上战争中的海军战略准备与实施是海军为达成海上战争目的而进行的一系列带全局性的军事准备和实施活动 ,内容包括海军战略侦察、海军战略判断、海军战略决策、海军战略措施、海军战略协调、海军战略保障、海军战略指挥、海军战略作战等。本文对海军战略准备与实施一系列问题的特点、内容和要求进行了较为系统的论述。     

从国际法看中日钓鱼岛争端

中日两国之间有关钓鱼岛的争端主要涉及岛屿主权归属和东海海洋权益两个方面。从国际法的原则来看 ,钓鱼岛的主权属于中国。中国最先发现并获得其主权 ,日本所主张的“无主地先占”的原则根本不能成立。美日之间的和约或协定也不具备决定钓鱼岛主权归属的法律效力。根据《联合国海洋法公约》的有关规定以及国际司法判例 ,钓鱼岛不应享有大陆架和专属经济区 ,亦不具有划界效力。中日两国在东海大陆架的划定问题上应该遵循公平和自然延伸的原则 ,达到最为公正合理的划界效果。     

新《合同法》对海上货物运输的影响

在新合同法中 ,有一些货物运输方面的法规是海商法法所没有的 ,且合同法和海商法也存在一些差异 ,这些条款必定对海上货物运输产生影响。本文分析了这些条款的差异和效力。     

后9·11时代美国海运安全法的新发展

9.11事件发生后,美国海运安全法进行了全面的革新。针对这次革新,文章分析集装箱安全指导计划、关贸合作反恐计划及新的海上运输安全法的主要内容,论述这些安全措施在施行中的利弊,即这些安全措施虽然在一定程度上改善了美国海运业的安全状况,但也对其他国家的港口和对航运业的流转速度造成一些不利影响,进而提出只有在实践中不断总结和反思才能建立科学完善的海运安全制度。     

航道交通运输量预测模型探讨

航道交通运输量是航道定级以及确定工程项目的建设规模、建筑物等级和经济评价的主要依据。本文重点介绍如何运用适当的数学函数建立航道交通运输量预测模型,并研究探讨未来航道交通运输量的需求和发展趋势。