艾维茵商品肉用鸡白细胞介素-2基因的克隆及其二级结构分析

根据Sundick等发表的鸡白细胞介素 2 (IL 2 )基因序列设计一对特异性引物 ,从伴刀豆球蛋白A (ConA)体外激活的脾淋巴细胞中提取mRNA ,通过RT PCR方法获得艾维茵商品肉用鸡IL 2cDNA基因。将其连接到测序载体 pGEM TEasyVector ,测序后用Pcgene和DNAstar软件分析。结果显示 ,艾维茵商品肉用鸡IL 2基因长 734bp ,编码一由 14 3个氨基酸组成的前体蛋白 ,与来自GenBank的另外 3个品系 (Kestrelleghorn ,Obese和SC)鸡IL 2比较 ,其核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性为 98.9%～ 10 0 %和 97.2 %～ 10 0 %。二级结构预测表明 ,艾维茵商品肉用鸡IL 2N端存在一条由 2 2个氨基酸组成的前导肽及 4个半胱氨酸形成的链内二硫键 ,并存在类似人IL 2的 4个α螺旋 ,这些结构很可能在维持IL 2生物学活性中发挥重要作用。基因系统进化树分析表明 ,艾维茵商品肉用鸡与SC鸡IL 2的亲缘关系较近 ,与火鸡、Kestrelleghorn和Obese鸡IL 2的亲缘关系较远。     

浅议加强党的执政能力建设的哲学基础

<中共中央关于加强党的执政能力建设的决定>在党的执政历史上是一个十分重要的文献,是中国共产党作为成熟执政党的醒目标志.马克思关于社会存在是第一性的,政治党派或国家作为"实践的意识"是第二性的、派生的这一历史唯物主义根本原理,是党的执政能力建设以及她的执政理念--"立党为公,执政为民"的理论基础.党的执政能力建设和社会主义建设成败的关键在于执政党的成员能否摆正政治权力同社会存在之间的关系.     

应用扫描电镜能谱仪检测电击伤皮肤表面的金属元素——附一例案例报告

作者采用已知化学组成的导体对家兔进行触电试验。取受损部位的皮肤作常规处理,用带能谱的扫描电镜作金属离子测定,仪器型号为 JXA-840-LinK-860。对检出的金属元素,进行了定性和半定量分析,并观察了元素的分布。作者在一例人体电击伤皮肤活检标本上检出铁元素,而对照皮肤则无,从而认定是含铁的导体与皮肤接触。电击伤与热烫伤的超微结构变化能区别。     

Analysis and discrimination of electrical tapes: Part I. Adhesives

This study involved the comparative analysis and discrimination of 90 electrical tape adhesives. The objectives included the evaluation of the ability of individual techniques to discriminate samples and the assessment of the ability of the techniques combined to distinguish samples. The techniques utilized were stereomicroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Stereomicroscopy, to assess adhesive colors of black, clear/colorless, and clear adhesives with brown tint, resulted in a discrimination of 53%. FTIR analysis yielded eight distinct groups with a discrimination of 67%. Py-GC/MS analysis resulted in 16 groups with a discrimination of 83%. These analyses confirmed and further subdivided the FTIR groups. SEM/EDS resulted in five separate groups at 17% discrimination, increasing the overall discrimination to above 85%.     

Differentiation of traumatic and heat-induced dental tissue fractures via SEM analysis

Previous studies have examined the effects of heating on teeth; however, none have identified characteristics that allow analysts to differentiate traumatic from heat-induced fractures. This study examined our ability to discern notable differences in preincineration traumatic fractures and heat-induced fractures in postincineration dentition. Twelve anterior dental specimens were subjected to blunt force trauma while a second set were not. All 24 samples were then incinerated in a muffle furnace at a peak temperature (900°C) consistent with house fires. The specimens were subsequently examined with a scanning electron microscope to identify and compare heat-induced and traumatic fractures. The results obtained during examination yielded no differences between the features displayed by specimens that had been inflicted with preincineration trauma and those that did not. Unlike bone, distinguishing features for the differentiation of traumatic and heat-induced fractures could not be compiled.     

对纤维蛋白诊断生前伤的评价——45例枪弹创组织的MSB染色和扫描电镜对比观察

生活反应是诊断生前伤的主要根据.近二十年来,法医病理学在研究生前伤和死后伤的诊断中,采用了多种新兴技术,如扫描电镜技术、酶组织化学技术、酶标技术、电泳技术等,促使生前伤的诊断水平有明显提高.伤后存活1小时死亡者,大部分皆可获得明确诊断;立即死亡或在濒死期形成的损伤,由于生活反应甚微,或受腐败等     

Rape victim and perpetrator blame and the Just World hypothesis: The influence of victim gender and age

Abstract

Victims of rape are sometimes blamed for the assaults against them. Research has examined primarily female victims; much less is known about men as victims and whether victim age affects attributions of victim blame. Furthermore, the study investigated the effects of Belief in a Just World (BJW) on blame attributions. Employing a vignette-type experimental study with a 2 (gender of participant)×2 (victim's gender)×2 (victim's age)×2 (participant BJW score) between-subjects design and several measures of blame attributions towards victim and perpetrator as dependent variables, a community sample (n = 164) participated. The main results were as hypothesised, namely that young male victims were attributed more blame, particularly by participants scoring high on BJW. Overall, victim blame level was low and perpetrator blame was high, and BJW was a powerful predictor of blame attributions.     

Peer Predictability

Abstract

This action research and general system theory based qualitative inquiry examined adolescents' dependence on predicting the behavior of their peers as a strategy for enhancing their sense of safety at school and avoiding violence. A total of 95 adolescents in 9th through 12th grades from two small rural schools and one large suburban school in New York State participated in the study. Results indicated that students depend on Peer Predictability to feel safe during the school day when adults fail to predictably supervise or intervene in areas or interactions which adolescents perceive as potentially threatening. Familiarity leading to predictability allowed students to evaluate peers for the possibility of emotional or physical violence. This article presents quotes from the students that capture their unique experience.     

我国电子垃圾污染防治立法初探

目前我国电子垃圾污染日益严重,而有关防治电子垃圾污染的立法还不够完善。应制定相关法律法规,建立系统性电子垃圾回收处理及利用法律体系,完善生产者延伸责任制度,并加强对电子垃圾进口的法律规制。     

Comments on “Are the government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) justified?”

In “Are the Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs) Justified?” the authors conclude that the benefits delivered by the GSEs (as structured prior to conservatorship) are minimal and do not exceed their costs. While many of the arguments made in the article have merit and raise serious questions about the structure of the GSEs prior to 2008, the article overlooks several important benefits and costs. More significantly, no one is arguing for a return of the GSEs as they were structured prior to conservatorship. Rather than debate the merits of a model that has already been rejected by policymakers, we argue that the far more important question is what the housing finance market should look like in the future.