心因性精神障碍与犯罪行为（附5例报告）

目前，在司法精神病学鉴定中，尚缺乏心因性精神障碍与犯罪行为关系方面的报告。本文统计了我院自１９８８年至１９９１年司法精神病学鉴定案例，其中心因性精神障碍案例占６．２％，本文报告了其中５个典型案例，并就心因性精神障碍与犯罪行为之间的关系及其责任能力的判定进行了讨论。     

中介机构信息披露法律责任研究

证券发行与交易中 ,发行人对其披露的信息有瑕疵而给投资者造成损失时应承担赔偿责任 ,这是不容置疑的。但若中介机构在信息披露中担当了一定角色 ,是否对投资者的损失承担赔偿责任 ,回答是肯定的。中介机构应当承担信息披露瑕疵的法定赔偿责任 ,只有证明其无过错时才可免责。同时 ,文章对中介机构信息披露瑕疵行为作了界定 ,根据不同行为由中介机构承担不同责任。     

法治化进程中的灰色行为及其法律控制

在合法行为与违法行为之外,还存在着一种灰色行为。一个行为合法与否,可以由国家制定或民间形成的规则来评判,调整灰色行为的则是与制定法与习惯法相对应的潜规则。灰色行为不同于中性行为和官方行为,是法治化进程中亟待克服的一种行为现象。     

The Associations Among Family-of-Origin Violence and Young Adults' Current Depressed, Hopeless, Suicidal, and Life-Threatening Behavior

The purpose of the current study was to determine if college students' retrospective reports of family-of-origin physical abuse were related to their current reports of depressed symptomology, hopelessness, and suicidal and life-threatening behavior. Consistent with hypotheses, abuse by a parent (physical and psychological) and physical perpetration toward a parent were associated with increased rates of suicidal and life-threatening behavior. Gender of the parent was also shown to be important as symptoms of depression were related to mother but not father victimization and perpetration. Contrary to expectation, witnessing parental spouse abuse was not associated with young adults' current symptoms of depression, hopelessness, and suicidal and life-threatening behavior. These findings were interpreted with regard to the intergenerational transmission of violence theory.     

"抗属"的贞节

贞操这个古老的话语,在抗日战争和解放战争中不但没有消失,而且得以继承、改造与创新。概而言之,可归纳为:由重点针对妇女的贞操,转化为普遍针对根据地男男女女的革命贞节,其中包括节制、贞洁和节气等义举。根据地革命贞节话语的形成并非缘于根据地政府本身,而是性别、战争、知识与权力等诸多因素与各个主体之间的交互作用。     

Capacity for Self-Control and Individuals' Interest in Exercising Self-Control

We identify and elaborate a conceptual distinction between capability for self-control and the desire to exercise it, and employ data from a city survey to explore the empirical viability of such a differentiation. Separate scales measuring ability and desire to exercise self-control both prove to be significant and moderately strong predictors of several measures of criminal/deviant behavior, showing independent, cumulative, and interactive relationships with each other. For some measures of crime/deviance, self-control capability is most effective when the individual's interest in exercising self-control is low but its effect is greatly reduced or eliminated when desire to exercise self-control desire is high. Combinations of capability for self-control and interest in exercising it prove to be particularly good predictors of the absolute level of misbehavior.     

论我国刑法中刑事被害人保护的缺失——兼及检察机关公诉权与刑事被害人保护的利害冲突

刑事被害人在犯罪行为结构中的重要地位表明,刑事被害人在刑事立法和司法中应当得到与其所遭受的犯罪侵害相适应的刑法保护。但是,由于扭曲的犯罪观和群体主义本位价值观的制约,以检察机关的公诉权为代表的公众利益却侵蚀了刑法对刑事被害人的保护。     

Explaining Explanations: How Legislators Explain their Policy Positions and How Citizens React

Legislators claim that how they explain their votes matters as much as or more than the roll calls themselves. However, few studies have systematically examined legislators’ explanations and citizen attitudes in response to these explanations. We theorize that legislators strategically tailor explanations to constituents in order to compensate for policy choices that are incongruent with constituent preferences, and to reinforce policy choices that are congruent. We conduct a within‐subjects field experiment using U.S. senators as subjects to test this hypothesis. We then conduct a between‐subjects survey experiment of ordinary people to see how they react to the explanatory strategies used by senators in the field experiment. We find that most senators tailor their explanations to their audiences, and that these tailored explanations are effective at currying support—especially among people who disagree with the legislators’ roll‐call positions.     

DELINQUENCY AND GENDER MODERATION IN THE MOVING TO OPPORTUNITY INTERVENTION: THE ROLE OF EXTENDED NEIGHBORHOODS

A long history of research has indicated that neighborhood poverty increases youth's risk taking and delinquency. This literature predominantly has treated neighborhoods as independent of their surroundings despite rapidly growing ecological evidence on the geographic clustering of crime that suggests otherwise. This study proposes that to understand neighborhood effects, investigating youth's wider surroundings holds theoretical and empirical value. By revisiting longitudinal data on more than 1500 low‐income youth who participated in the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) randomized intervention, this article explores the importance of extended neighborhoods (neighborhoods and surroundings) and different concentrated disadvantage configurations in shaping gender differences in risk taking and delinquency. The results from two‐stage, least‐squares analyses suggest that the extended neighborhoods matter and they matter differently by gender. Among girls, extended neighborhoods without concentrated disadvantage were associated with lower risk‐taking prevalence than extended neighborhoods with concentrated disadvantage. In contrast, among boys, localized concentration of disadvantage was associated with the highest prevalence of risk taking and delinquency. Interactions between the immediate and surrounding neighborhoods were similarly associated with differential opportunity and social disorganization mediators. Among the more critical potential mediators of the link between localized disadvantage and boys’ risk taking were delinquent network ties, strain, and perceived absence of legitimate opportunities for success.     

205例高坠案件局部机械性损伤与死亡性质关系分析

目的探讨高坠案件中局部机械性损伤行为心理分析与死亡性质的关系,为此类案件的定性提供参考。方法收集2008—2013年高坠死亡案件311例,其中存在高坠难以形成的局部机械性损伤案例205例。对损伤形成特点、现场痕迹、高坠致命伤、文字信息等进行分析。结果 205例中,根据初步现场痕迹、高坠致命伤、文字信息等分析后,明确自杀86例,意外24例,性质不明95例。95例性质不明案例经对局部机械性损伤进行行为心理分析后,认定自杀80例,意外11例,他杀4例。结论高坠难以形成的局部机械性损伤与死亡性质具有关联性,根据局部机械性损伤行为心理分析推断高坠死亡性质基本准确。