关于中国-东盟自由贸易区云南邻边先行示范的战略构想

在中国加入WTO的前提下,在中国—东盟自由贸易区启动阶段,在先行建立内地—香港—澳门沿海自由贸易区的同时,配合考虑构建中国云南面向越南、泰国、老挝和缅甸等国家和地区的陆上沿边自由贸易区,其地位和作用同样重要,其影响和意义更加深远。     

案件事实形成过程的修辞分析——以邓玉娇案为叙述空间

模糊语言、挑选和类比等修辞策略的运用使邓玉娇案在社会讨论中形成了不同的版本。每一个版本的叙述均没有偏离“邓玉娇刺死邓贵大、刺伤黄德智”这一核心事实，但是却导向截然不同的结论。作为案件事实形成的潜在推动因素，修辞所扮演的角色不是简单的语言装饰，而是参与案件事实的建构。案件事实的演变及其最终形成，正是在修辞的运作中堆系下去的。但是，修辞也左右着我们对案件事实的认知，其中隐含的陷阱值得警惕。     

卑贱者人格意识的觉醒--元杂剧奴婢和妓女形象之特点

元代的爱情婚姻剧塑造了许多卑贱者的典型形象.本文所谓卑贱者,是指那些被剥夺了做人权利的奴婢和妓女.她们身处社会最低层,命运极其悲惨.可贵的是,她们并没有屈服于不公平的命运,而是表现出了极强的抗争意识.本文通过对作品中这些卑贱者形象性格的分析,来表现她们身上所蕴涵的人格意识的觉醒,从而更好地理解元杂剧的思想内涵及其历史价值.     

Challenging arbitral awards: A comparative study of Chinese law, british law and UNCITRAL model law

Support and supervision of a court ensure the integrity of the arbitral process and protect the public interest. However, to prevent the confidence of the arbitral system from being damaged, the judicial control should not be too strict. The support and supervision of a court can be seen in many aspects, among which is to challenge an award. Under the Chinese arbitration law, an award made by a foreign arbitration agency is regarded as a foreign award, challenge of which involves resisting recognition and enforcement in accordance with the relevant provisions of the international treaties concluded or acceded to by the People’s Republic of China or on the principle of reciprocity. Accordingly, an award made by a Chinese arbitration agency is regarded as a domestic award, challenge of which includes setting aside and resisting enforcement. As to the grounds and procedures for challenging a domestic award, including foreign-related awards and non-foreign-related awards, some Chinese provisions are either obscure or contradictory. There may be room for the Chinese system to be modernized. The Model Law and the English Arbitration Act of 1996 may be used for its reference.     

Fatalities Due to Failure of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Devices: A Report of Six Cases

Diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 are diseases characterized by impaired regulation of blood glucose due to decreased insulin production and insulin resistance, respectively. Management of diabetes mellitus often requires injection of exogenous insulin. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII or insulin pump) is a diabetes treatment modality utilizing a device to aid in regulation of glycemic control. Malfunctions in device components can have rare fatal consequences. Described in this report are six fatalities due to one such malfunction, the failure of plastic cannulas of CSII devices to penetrate the skin and deliver insulin, resulting in fatal diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The cases derive from four different death investigation systems. For each case, scene and autopsy findings are presented, as well as selected toxicology and histology findings. These cases illustrate the importance of careful examination of CSII devices in death investigations and introduce a discussion on discrepant manner of death classifications.     

De facto independence after delegation: A fuzzy‐set analysis

The phenomenon of delegating public authority from elected politicians (or ministries headed by elected politicians) to formally independent regulatory agencies (RAs) is becoming increasingly widespread. This paper examines the relation between formal independence, as prescribed in the constitutions of agencies, and de facto independence. Toward this end, it conceptualizes and assesses de facto independence of RAs, and discusses organizational, institutional, and political explanations for divergence from formal independence. The complex relations between de facto and formal independence are examined with a cross‐national, cross‐sectoral comparison of 16 Western European RAs using fuzzy‐set analysis. The results show that formal independence is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for explaining variations in the de facto independence of agencies. Other factors, such as the lifecycle of agencies, veto players, and European networks of agencies, have a decisive impact.     

Accuracy of comparison decisions by forensic firearms examiners

This black box study assessed the performance of forensic firearms examiners in the United States. It involved three different types of firearms and 173 volunteers who performed a total of 8640 comparisons of both bullets and cartridge cases. The overall false-positive error rate was estimated as 0.656% and 0.933% for bullets and cartridge cases, respectively, while the rate of false negatives was estimated as 2.87% and 1.87% for bullets and cartridge cases, respectively. The majority of errors were made by a limited number of examiners. Because chi-square tests of independence strongly suggest that error probabilities are not the same for each examiner, these are maximum-likelihood estimates based on the beta-binomial probability model and do not depend on an assumption of equal examiner-specific error rates. Corresponding 95% confidence intervals are (0.305%, 1.42%) and (0.548%, 1.57%) for false positives for bullets and cartridge cases, respectively, and (1.89%, 4.26%) and (1.16%, 2.99%) for false negatives for bullets and cartridge cases, respectively. The results of this study are consistent with prior studies, despite its comprehensive design and challenging specimens.     

The politics of external approval: Explaining the IMF's evaluation of austerity programmes

During the European debt crisis, numerous states launched austerity programmes. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) evaluates and forecasts the likelihood of member states’ success in implementing these programmes. Although IMF evaluations influence country risk perceptions on capital markets, little is known about their reasoning. This article uses fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to explore on what grounds the IMF evaluated the success prospects of austerity programmes during the European debt crisis. Results reveal that IMF evaluations are heavily influenced by the programme's implementation credibility. They require a tractable policy problem, a country's institutional capacity to structure implementation, and favour expenditure reduction over revenue measures. By acting as a strict guide on the road to fiscal adjustment, the IMF indirectly influences member states’ scope of policy making through its surveillance activities. Extensive austerity programmes that need to be implemented swiftly are evaluated negatively if the country is not involved in an IMF programme.     

“依赖陷阱”下的中国制造业国际竞争力再平衡研究

全球化浪潮极大地强化了世界各国经济的相互依赖度,全球经济陷入严重的不平衡和相互依赖陷阱,而制造业国际竞争力再平衡是全球经济脱离过度依赖陷阱症的关键。本文从汇率、资源、环境和全球再平衡等层面探讨了中国制造业国际竞争力再平衡的必要性,并在此基础上提出中国制造业国际竞争力再平衡的途径。中国作为全球贸易主要盈余国,制造业国际竞争力再平衡不仅有利于全球经济再平衡,而且亦能促进内部经济均衡。     

论民族团结是构建和谐新疆的重要基石

没有民族团结,就没有新疆改革发展稳定的一切.历史与现实的经验一再证明:民族团结始终是构建和谐新疆的基本前提和重要保证;照顾民族特点、坚持民族平等、发展民族地区经济、落实民族宗教政策,维护好民族团结是构建和谐新疆的重要基础;坚持并实施好民族区域自治制度,维护好民族团结是构建和谐新疆的基本保障;建立和巩固社会主义民族关系,维护好民族团结是构建和谐新疆的核心.