我国饭店营销人员管理问题与对策研究

饭店营销部门工作质量的好坏已直接关系到饭店的经营业绩,如何有效地对营销人员进行管理,创造出良好的经济效益,已成为饭店老总、营销和人事经理们共同关心的话题.文中从我国饭店业营销人员管理的现状与问题入手,提出了改进饭店业营销人员管理之对策,旨在提升饭店业经营的整体实力.     

多手段并用型"套路贷"犯罪若干问题探析

多手段并用型"套路贷"犯罪是一种以非法占有被害人财产为主导、采用多种违法犯罪手段逐步实施、实现侵财目的的犯罪,其侵犯的法益应表述为"必要法益+选择法益"。其中,侵犯财产权的必要法益具有构成"套路贷"犯罪与否的定性功能;侵犯"经济、社会生活秩序"的选择法益是在行为符合"为非作恶,欺压百姓"标准的基础上判断"套路贷"犯罪主体是否恶势力的重要因素。对于多手段并用型"套路贷"犯罪的数罪处断,应将法益标准与数罪关系结合起来考虑,即首先应根据"套路贷"犯罪侵犯的必要法益对个罪进行分类,然后再考虑个罪之间的数罪关系确定处断规则,从而作出择一重罪处断或数罪并罚的选择。     

Sales Tax Competition among State–Local Governments: Evidence from the US Counties

This article estimates tax reaction function of local governments competing with other governments to provide the insight for tax policy decision makers. Employing a panel of county-level data in all the states from 1970 to 2006, this article analyzes sales tax competition between county governments. In addition to a static model, this article pays more attention to dynamics in tax reaction function estimated by general methods of moments containing lagged dependent variables in the reaction function. Focusing on county governments, this article finds evidence for strategic interaction, an interaction that has positive effects on the setting of tax rates in a county.     

State-local sales tax,spillover, and economic activity: examining county governments in the US

The reliance on sales taxation has increased in both states and counties. This study aggregated county-level data and empirically explored the associations between state-local sales taxes and economic activity by industry types in county governments for the period of 1990–2013. The results revealed negative associations of sales tax rates with economic activity, especially in the manufacturing industry. Further, the findings provided the spatial dependence of economic activity across counties as a form of possible spillover. This study suggests that policymakers should pay attention to how the manufacturing and retail industries respond to any changes in sales tax rates for business activity.     

缓刑适用中的数罪并罚问题

缓刑判决尚未生效又犯同种罪不能实行数罪并罚；缓刑期间又犯新罪能依据刑法第69条规定数罪并罚；缓刑期满以后发现漏罪不能实行数罪并罚；缓刑考验期满后再犯新罪能构成累犯；缓刑考验期满后才发现新罪的，缓刑不能撤销，如果新罪还没有超过追诉时效，只需要对新罪直接作出处理。     

论营业权入宪--比较宪法视野下的营业权

营业权是主体基于平等市场主体资格自由地、独立地从事以营利为目的的营业活动的权利。纵观各国宪法 ,在营业权的表达方式上 ,有自由权吸收方式、经济与财产自由包含方式、职业选择自由概括方式和营业自由表达方式等不同模式 ,在具体的立法体例上有宪法序言或总则宣示式、经济政策性原则条款式、公民基本权利条款列举式、总则宣示与公民权利列举相结合的模式等不同范式。因此 ,尽快把“营业权”(或“营业自由”)或视为公民的基本权利 ,或视为一项基本国策 ,或作为一项基本的经济原则 ,载入我国宪法 ,是今后宪法修改和人权保障的重要课题。     

对虚假陈述民事赔偿案件新司法解释的检讨

最高人民法院2003年1月9日颁布了《关于审理证券市场因虚假陈述引发的民事赔偿案件的若干规定》,这一司法解释在我国第一次真正明确并且落实了证券民事赔偿责任和实现机制,对于我国证券法律体系的完善,证券市场投资人合法权益的保护具有里程碑意义。但是,该解释也存在许多不足,文章主要就该解释中责任赔偿依据、过错认定标准、责任适用原则、起诉条件、损失数额的计算方法和诉讼机制的几点不足提出自己的一点浅见。     

WTO争端解决机制权力的扩张——几类WTO争端解决机构管辖的特殊事项

WTO自成立至今,其准司法性的争端解决机制对其成功运转无疑发挥了极大的作用。但是,对于WTO成员方来说,不是所有的国际经贸纠纷都适宜通过争端解决机制解决。但由于DSU对专家组和上诉机构的授权不明确,导致后者不得不对几类特殊事项行使管辖权。这些特殊事项包括:所涉争议具有政治敏感性的案件;适用法律不可裁决的案件;涉及“机构平衡”问题的争端。     

共同过失命题之证伪

共同过失这个命题是共同侵权制度据以扩张解释的一个理论假设。然而目前所有关于共同过失的观点及其论证都是不成立的。共同过失就其实质而言,属于无意思联络的数人过失侵权,按照目前侵权责任法的规定,数人应对受害人承担按份责任。然而共同过失这个理论假设不适当地扩张了共同侵权行为的范围,并导致了连带责任制度被滥用。     

Changing Patterns of Privatization: Ideology,Economic Necessity,or Political Opportunism

This article considers privatization decisions by governments in four Australian states over twenty years of micro-economic reform. It focuses on the policy frameworks and political context for privatizing government enterprises, drawing on Kingdon's framework for policy change to analyze differences in the substance and timing of decisions. In the 1990s, governments considered privatization as an economic and political strategy to resolve the problem of state-level fiscal crises, but the patterns of adoption were variable. Two states resisted the general trend toward privatization, but recently changed their position. We argue that the recent financial crisis provided a window for reintroducing contentious reform initiatives that had lost momentum.