上海证券市场波动性现状与卖空交易机制建立

在金融市场微观结构理论分析框架下,交易机制的变革以市场质量为评判基准.运用相关模型的实证研究表明,上海证券市场存在着较为明显的波动聚集、波动持续现象,市场整体波动性较大.根据卖空机制的制度功能分析,卖空限制的存在增加了该市场的波动性水平,降低了市场质量,因此有必要在该市场建立卖空交易机制以降低其波动性水平,在建立模式的选择上可以参照香港建立证券登记结算公司模式的卖空机制.     

从一起购销合同纠纷案谈定金罚则的适用

定金的设立是为债的履行而确定的一种担保形式,它是违约金的预付.定金的法律关系的成立依靠定金的实际交付而确立.其标的只能界定为货币,并以最后实际交付时的定金数额来应用定金罚则,它和预付款有着根本的不同.     

澳门刑法与大陆刑法数罪并罚制度比较研究

本文主要从犯罪竞合及其连续犯、数罪并罚的原则及其漏罪与新罪并罚问题等方面比较分析了澳门与刑法数罪并罚制度的异同.澳门刑法中对罪数及其连续犯的明确界定,以及所规定的罚金转徒刑制度,具有可资借鉴的积极立法价值.     

论买卖不破租赁规则的适用

"买卖不破租赁"规则的确立,打破了传统私法领域的根基———所有权绝对保护,突破了物权优先效力,开创了债权法发展的新格局。我国《合同法》第229条确立的"买卖不破租赁"过于简单、宽泛,难以指导解决实践中出现的纠纷,笔者在分析"买卖不破租赁"制度立法设计初衷的基础上,进一步分析租赁权的法律性质,从而得出适用该规则的具体条件,以期细化规则、定纷止争,兼顾各方权益。     

论“单纯知情”对双重买卖效力之影响——物上权利之对抗力来源

在现有的规则和学说范围内,双重买卖中后买人的单纯知情既不会引发撤销权的行使,也不会导致第三人侵害债权责任的发生。但通过考察相关国家的立法和判例可见,＂单纯知情＂这一事实将产生类似于预告登记的效果,导致先买人的债权能够对抗在后的买受人,且不会对债权、物权二分体系带来混淆,亦不违反物权法定原则。在单纯知情的双重买卖中由在先的买受人取得所有权这一规则,在实践中既具有必要性,亦具有可行性。     

Notes on expanding the concerns of peace research

This paper attempts to develop an approach to the problem of peace, the world order approach, and suggests some general directions for research in psychology intended to describe global conditions and to promote solutions to critical human problems. The author stresses the need for enlisting psychologists whose work focuses on the humanistic aspects of peaceful interactions.

The paper is divided into four sections. The first section presents the author's view of the current world situation; one that suggests expanded research and action in peace studies. The second section develops the concept of world order to complement the more restricted view of peace research that is often adopted. The third section develops the idea of constructing a global monitoring system designed to describe the global problem of peace. The final section proposes some broad directions for research in psychology that hopefully build upon previous and current efforts in the field.     

清代四川盐井买卖契约

本论文根据档案资料对清代四川盐井买卖契约的种类 ,买卖契约成立的要件 ,买卖契约的主要内容 ,订立买卖契约的原因以及买卖契约的特点进行了探析。     

A Review of: “Devin R. Springer,James L. Regens,and David N. Edger. Islamic Radicalism and Global Jihad. Stephen Vertigans (with contributions from Donncha Marron and Philip W. Sutton). Militant Islam: A Sociology of Characteristics,Causes, and Consequences. David Aaron. In Their Own Words: Voices of Jihad.”

Chinese arms sales to Africa have increased in recent years. In a region beset by conflict and unstable regimes, and where arms sales are a significant and positive predictor of an increased probability of political violence, this is inherently problematic. The sale of weaponry to a regime in Khartoum caught up in an alleged “genocide” in Darfur, the awkward appearance in 2008 of a Chinese ship loaded with weapons bound for Mugabe's Zimbabwe off the coast of eastern Africa, and the recent exposure in 2011 that Chinese arms companies offered to sell around $200 million worth of arms to Muammar Gaddafi's regime are emblematic of an issue in Africa's political violence that needs analysis. This article seeks to discuss the rationale behind China's arms sales to Africa and the effect that they have had on political violence in recipient countries. It also provides an analysis of the supply-and-demand circumstances of Chinese arms transfers to Africa, Beijing's attempts to control such transfers, and evidence that Chinese policies on proliferation are (slowly) evolving.     

论数罪并罚可以适用缓刑——从解释论的视角出发

数罪并罚能否适用缓刑是一个有较大争议的问题.持反对立场学者的立论依据是对数罪社会危害性的实质判断,最高人民法院的司法解释也持类似立场.刑法解释应当贯彻形式解释优先的立场,对有利于被告人的刑法条文应坚持严格解释,不当地限缩解释违反了罪刑法定原则.对于该问题应采肯定说,是否适用缓刑应依据刑法判断是否符合缓刑适用条件,符合的依然可以适用缓刑.     

数罪并罚制度的实践难题及完善对策——来自浙江省金华地区的情况报告

数罪并罚是我国刑法适用的基本制度之一，也是当代世界各国刑事法律制度的一项十分重要的内容。当前数罪并罚制度在实践运作中的问题主要体现在五大方面：即法院判决处理数罪时不并罚、少并罚的现象相当普遍；对判决宣告以前一人犯有同种数罪的是否实行并罚，存在分歧；普通犯罪与同类剐特殊犯罪并存时，数罪并罚难以切实体现罪责刑相适应原则；数罪并罚情形下对于犯罪人能否适用缓刑，看法不一；对数罪并罚案件中自首、立功等情节评价不一，做法参差不齐。要从根本上解决这些问题，关键在于准确把握数罪并罚的要件。适当运用并罚的原则与方法。具体领会数罪并罚制度的本旨。