An evaluation of measurement uncertainty of trajectory angles using a 3D laser scanner

Measuring trajectory angles of bullet defects at a crime scene is an important part of crime scene investigation as these angles can be used for shooting incident reconstructions. The Washington State Patrol Crime Scene Response Team (WSP CSRT) had a desire to report and use measured trajectory angles. To report quantitative measurements, a statement of uncertainty for the measurement must also be reported due to an accreditation requirement through the ANSI National Accreditation Board (ANAB), through which the WSP CSRT is accredited. This evaluation examined the measurement uncertainty of the 3D laser scanning method that the WSP CSRT utilizes for measuring the vertical and azimuth angles from trajectory rods fitted to bullet defects. Three studies were performed which examined the variation of vertical and azimuth angle measurements from trajectory rods on flat surfaces, the variation of azimuth angle measurements from a trajectory rod on a curved surface, and a traceability study with known vertical and azimuth angle measurements. Seven common substrates were selected as target materials and were shot with 9 mm Luger and 0.45 Auto caliber bullets. A vehicle with one bullet defect was utilized for the curved surface study. The WSP's current fleet of Trimble X7 3D laser scanners, the WSP Criminal Investigation Division (CID) Detectives who operate these scanners, and the Forensic Scientists responsible for trajectory rod placement and angle measurements were utilized. An overall measurement uncertainty of +/− 2.6 degrees at an approximate 95% confidence interval was determined for all trajectory angles measured from trajectory rods.     

The media’s coverage of mass public shootings in America: fifty years of newsworthiness

This study uses a media distortion analysis to examine the New York Times coverage of mass public shooting incidents occurring in the United States from 1966 to 2016. A comparison between media coverage and actual incidents is used to identify the characteristics influencing the newsworthiness of mass public shootings. This work expands the breadth and depth of media and mass public shooting research, strengthening the validity of previous findings, and identifying new characteristics influencing newsworthiness. Findings indicate significant predictors of newsworthiness include higher casualties and injuries, as well as perpetrators that are young, Middle Eastern, and ideologically motivated. School shootings are more likely to receive any coverage, and all non-workplace shootings receive salient levels of coverage. An incident is also more likely to receive any coverage if a combination of weapons is used. These findings have important implications for public knowledge and perceptions of mass public shootings.     

基于协同机理的77式手枪射击训练探索

为适应公安院校射击课程的教学改革,尽快使学生适应77式手枪的打法和要求,实现在规定的时间内完成首发命中,连续打完5发子弹的要求,提高学生训练水平和教学成绩。文章基于64式手枪与77式手枪在射击过程中的差异分析,对如何使用77式手枪进行射击基础训练、如何掌握射击的规范性动作,以及77式手枪训练中应注意的问题进行了研究。     

影响射击安全的四种心理因素解读

对射击教学训练,管理者通常只注意排除场所、设备等客观可见的危险点,而忽视了人的心理状态对安全具有决定性影响。因此,必须了解参与射击教学活动各类人员的心理状态及其对安全工作的影响,确保射击教学训练安全。     

落实权利与享有发展并举——化解社会矛盾的基本路向

社会矛盾的产生源于社会结构系统。社会整合基于两个基本维度：系统整合和社会整合。前者基于社会系统的功能即基于控制结构,后者基于社会系统的规范即基于规范结构。合理的控制结构使系统因素得到整合,功能得到优化;正当的规范结构使系统整合有正确的导向。实现我国社会结构功能的优化和规范导向的正当是化解社会矛盾的两根支柱。其关键在于,在制度设计上从分享发展过渡到落实权利,实现二者的均衡。我国化解社会矛盾的结构框架是功能失效和规定失调,使秩序控制和平台搭建有机结合,其具体路径是,完善秩序控制,重点发展平台搭建。     

循证矫正运行流程的构建与解析

循证矫正是一种科学性、精确性矫正，循证矫正的“科学性、精确性”要求循证矫正的运行流程必须做到科学化、规范化，按照矫正工作的原理，借鉴循证医学、心理学的运行流程。一个完整的规范的循证矫正的运行流程应该由提出问题、检索评价证据、决策应用、效果评价、循证矫正总结、撰写循证矫正案例报告等六个先后环节组成。     

浅谈现代警察警务实战射击训练

警务实战射击是人民警察开展警务技能战术训练的重要内容,通过学习和训练使民警掌握过硬的实战射击本领,并依法使用枪支,从而合理、合法、安全有效的处置枪案。     

公务员培训市场化研究

本文分析了公务员培训市场化产生的背景及我国公务员培训市场化的必要性,指出了我国公务员培训市场化的趋势及实现途径:即通过建立以需求为导向的公务员培训机制、公务员培训的市场竞争机制和宏观调控机制来实现公务员培训的市场化。     

经济法研究的“合”与“同”

学界普遍关注的经济法研究的“离乱”及其引发的“失序”问题,需要通过“求同存异”、“理论聚合”来加以解决,由此产生了经济法研究应关注的“合”与“同”的问题。从一般意义上说,应当在离合关系中把握“合”,在“求同”的过程中实现“合”;从经济法研究的具体情况来看,在研究路径、研究范式以及范畴研究上的“求同”,直接关系到经济法研究的方向、路径、方略,以及经济法学最基本的研究范式、特异性范畴的提炼和基本共识的形成,从而会对经济法学的发展产生深远影响。     

浅议警察射击训练中的技能迁移

技能的迁移有正迁移和负迁移之分,运动枪射击运动员参加警用手枪射击训练和比赛,技能负迁移起主要作用。