短串联重复vWFⅢ扩增片段长度多态性在法医学应用的可行性研究

目的探讨STR位点vWFⅢ用于法医学鉴定中的实用价值。方法应用聚合酶链式反应（PCR），聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结合染银显带的分离方法对STR位点vWFⅢ扩增片断长度多态性进行研究。结果经过优化筛选掌握了该位点的最适扩增条件，其对各类检材均获得稳定可靠的扩增产物。本方法的灵敏度达10pg基因组DNA、0．5μl全血、1μl新血痕、0．1μl精液、0．2μl新鲜精斑。结论本方法快速、灵敏、准确，在法医学个人识别和亲子鉴定中具有推广应用的价值。     

回归精神家园——托马斯·沃尔夫《他父亲的土地》解读

美国作家托马斯·沃尔夫的短篇小说《他父亲的土地》内涵丰富，意蕴深刻，带领我们在迷惘与追求、痛苦与激奋的情感体验中探索人生，寻找心的归宿，最终回归精神家园。     

天津地区朝鲜族9个STR基因座遗传多态性

目的　调查天津地区朝鲜族人群无关个体 9个STR基因座 (D3S135 8、vWA、FGA、D8S1179、D2 1S11、D18S5 1、D5S818、D13S17、D7S82 0 )多态性分布 ,研究其在法医学检验中的应用。方法　应用AmpFLSTR○R　ProfilerPlusTM荧光标记复合扩增系统对 184例天津地区朝鲜族无关个体血样DNA进行 9个STR基因座的复合扩增 ,用ABI310遗传分析仪对扩增产物进行检测 ,用GeneScan、GenoTyper软件进行基因分型 ,统计计算 9个STR基因座的群体遗传学参数。结果　该群体上述 9个STR基因座检出的等位基因及其基因型多态性分布良好 ,经校验 ,符合Hardy Weinberg平衡定律 ,累计个体识别力 (TDP)为 0 99999999996 ,偶合率为 4 .0 6×10 - 11,累积非父排除能力 (PE)为 0 9899。结论　上述 9个STR基因座适用于本地区该群体各类案件的法医学个体识别和亲权鉴定。     

侵犯注册商标专用权犯罪中几个关键问题研究

现有的调整和规制假冒注册商标和销售注册商标的商品等犯罪的法律条文及司法解释在实践中被暴露存在诸多问题,如证据标准问题、犯罪既遂与未遂问题、罪数形态不明等问题,不仅无法满足打击和预防新形势下侵犯注册商标犯罪的客观需要,而且给公安司法机关带来法律适用上的困惑,同时也与尊重和保障人权相违背。必须结合我国法治现状及刑事法律规定,综合打击犯罪和保障人权价值功能的要求,对相关规定予以修改、完善。     

Screening for Corticosteroid Adulterants in Korean Herbal Medicines

The objective of this study was to determine the presence of corticosteroids in illegal herbal medicines using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. We collected 212 herbal medicine samples that were advertised as being effective for treatment of joint pain and bone aches. Samples were from the Korean commercial market during a span of four years (2010–2013), and the method was validated. The limits of quantification ranged from 0.47 to 15.0 ng/mL, and recoveries ranged from 80.6% to 119.5%. The intra‐ and interday precision ranged from 0.18% to 8.82% and from 0.09% to 8.96%, respectively. Among the samples, three samples (1.4%) were identified as adulterants. Dexamethasone was the only compound detected in the adulterated products. As the corticosteroid–adulteration of herbal medicines may become a major problem and lead to side effects, the continued development of screening procedures for herbal medicines is critical.     

21个非CODIS STR基因座的遗传多态性

目的 调查华东汉族人群21个非CODIS STR基因座的遗传多态性并评价其法医学应用价值.方法 用AGCU 21+1 STR试剂盒,对华东地区汉族225个无关个体的21个非CODIS STR基因座进行扩增,用3130遗传分析仪检测扩增产物,GeneMapper ID v3.2软件进行分型,采用PowerStats v1...     

“河长制”的环境法思考

河长制一方面是水环境行政管理权力的集中统一,另一方面又是水环境管理行政权力的严格问责,具有重要的环境法意义。其中体现出来的环境目标责任制的实现方式理应成为水环境乃至整个生态环境治理的立法趋势。但是,由于河长制尚处于探索阶段,也遭遇了一些法律短板,譬如河长制的分散性与短效性,规划功能与考评机制的泛化,公众参与和监督力度疲软。本文在河长制发展的基础上,提出了完善河长制的环境法因应,包括建立统一长效机制,健全规划与考评机制,以及引入公众参与和监督制度。     

GeneMarker® HID: A reliable software tool for the analysis of forensic STR data

Abstract: GeneMarker^® HID was assessed as a software tool for the analysis of forensic short tandem repeat (STR) data and as a resource for analysis of custom STR multiplexes. The software is easy to learn and use, and includes design features that have the potential to reduce user fatigue. To illustrate reliability and accuracy, STR data from both single‐source and mixture profiles were analyzed and compared to profiles interpreted with another software package. A total of 1898 STR profiles representing 28,470 loci and more than 42,000 alleles were analyzed with 100% concordance. GeneMarker HID was also used to successfully analyze data generated from a custom STR multiplex, with simplified and rapid implementation. Finally, the impact of the user‐friendly design features of the software was assessed through a time scale study. The results suggest that laboratories can reduce the time required for data analysis by at least 25% when using GeneMarker HID.     

New optimized DNA extraction protocol for fingerprints deposited on a special self-adhesive security seal and other latent samples used for human identification

Abstract: Obtaining complete short tandem repeat (STR) profiles from fingerprints containing minimal amounts of DNA, using standard extraction techniques, can be difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate a new kit, Fingerprint DNA Finder (FDF Kit), recently launched for the extraction of DNA and STR profiling from fingerprints placed on a special device known as Self‐Adhesive Security Seal Sticker^® and other latent fingerprints on forensic evidentiary material like metallic guns. The DNA extraction system is based on a reversal of the silica principle, and all the potential inhibiting substances are retained on the surface of a special adsorbent, while nucleic acids are not bound and remain in solution dramatically improving DNA recovery. DNA yield was quite variable among the samples tested, rendering in most of the cases (>90%) complete STR profiles, free of PCR inhibitors, and devoid of artifacts. Even samples with DNA amount below 100 pg could be successfully analyzed.     

Detection of genotype recycling fraud in U.S. immigrants

Abstract: Relationship testing laboratories provide genetic evidence to support or refute claims of kinship between U.S. citizen petitioners and potential immigrant beneficiaries. One female beneficiary presented a male amelogenin type and alleles at 15 autosomal loci that were identical to an alleged brother’s. Laboratory records showed that her alleged father had petitioned to have 15 children emigrate from Ghana. The petitioner’s 15 paternity indices exceeded 10⁵, but the children shared only four short tandem repeat (STR) profiles, suggesting fraudulent reuse of genotypes in this alleged pedigree (AP). To determine the extent of this “genotype recycling,” I examined the laboratory’s 555 APs from Ghana and 532 control APs from Nigeria. Seventeen Ghanaian APs (3.1%) but no Nigerian APs showed genotype recycling. Of 90 tested people in the 17 APs, 56 shared identical STR profiles with others in their AP. Of these 56 people, 10 were petitioners with unexpectedly high parentage indices. Seven of 56 had amelogenin types that disagreed with their declared genders. Database searches for identical multilocus genotypes in allegedly different people would best detect this fraud.