Application of RapidHITTM 200 System in Forensic MedicineCSCD

Objective: To validate the analysis capability of RapidHITTM 200 system for four kinds of routine forensic samples and the recyclable capability of template, template DNA and PCR products in the process of twice duplicate detection. Methods: The buccal swabs underwent the test twice by RapidHITTM 200 system, and the template DNA and PCR products that arose in the system were also tested for two times. After four kinds of routine forensic samples were detected by RapidHITTM 200 system, the follow- up tests of the template, template DNA and PCR products that arose in the system were performed. Results: The STR loci could be detected in the buccal swabs by the system for the first time. However, part of the STR loci lost during the second test. And the peak value obtained in the second test was significantly reduced than the one in the first time. The average STR loci detection rates of the template DNA and PCR products were both less than 50% in the second test, which were significantly reduced than that in the first test. In addition, the analysis capability of the system for the tissues and buccal swabs was better than that for the blood and cigarette butts. Compared with the first test, the STR loci detection rate of the tested items, template DNA and PCR products decreased with the numbers of tests. Conclusion: RapidHITTM 200 system is more effective in retesting buccal swabs than other samples, whereas the items, DNA template, PCR products obtained in the first and second time cannot be directly used for the further application and study of forensic medicine. © 2018 by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.     

Rapid Separation of Organophosphate Pesticides using Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography and Short‐end Injection,

Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are highly toxic substances and are frequently represented as poisons. In order to qualify and quantify the selected OP pesticides (methyl paraoxon, ethyl paraoxon, methyl parathion, fenitrothion, and ethyl parathion), micellar electrokinetic chromatography and short‐end injection were investigated. This is the first time that this combination has been used to separate OP pesticides. A capillary with 8.5 cm effective length was used, and the analytes were separated within 2.1 min. Separation conditions including buffer (type, pH, and concentration), sodium dodecyl sulfate concentration, and separation voltage were optimized. The limit of detection (LOD) was estimated in the range of 10–20 μM. The OP pesticides spiked in artificial saliva and drinking water gave superior peak profiles, and good average recoveries 95.6% and 62.3%, respectively. Overall, a rapid method with excellent resolution and efficiency was developed and successfully applied in the analysis of potential sample matrixes.     

论手机短信的证明效力

随着社会的发展,存储于磁性介质之中,以电子数据形式存在的诉讼证据越来越多,电子证据的证明效力问题也受到了越来越多学者的关注,手机短信就是其中一种。手机短信具有证据的客观性、关联性、合法性。明确手机短信的证据证明力符合社会发展趋势,有利于维护合法权益。     

D1S549基因座分型标准物的克隆制备方法及其群体遗传学研究

目的 采用分子克隆技术建立制备大量优质标准 STR基因座等位基因分型标准物的方法,解决长期困扰 STR分型上存在的准确性和标准化问题。方法 先用 PCR扩增出 D1S549基因座的 8个等位基因片段,将其插入 pUC重组质粒中,经 DNA测序分析证实插入片段的结构及大小,用国际标准将插入的等位基因片段进行命名,最后经转染、扩大培养,扩增及再鉴定后制备出标准的 D1S549等位基因分型标准物。结果应用此分型标准物,调查了成都地区汉族 ,甘肃回族及新疆维族群体 D1S549基因座的基因型分布频率。结论 表明该法制备的 STR基因座等位基因分型标准物适用于法医学鉴定实践, D1S549基因座是一个适合我国群体分析和法医学遗传分析的遗传标记。     

STR基因座荧光标记复合扩增检测及其法医学应用

目的建立荧光标记复合扩增检测4个STR基因座的方法,应用于法医学亲权鉴定与个人识别。方法用6-FAM标记D3S1754引物,HEX标记D4S2366和D12S375引物,TMR标记D1S549引物,PCR复合扩增,310基因分析仪电泳自动收集电泳结果数据,GeneScanAnalysisSoftware3.7NT计算扩增产物片段相对大小,Genotyper誖3.7NT软件进行样本基因型分型。将该方法应用于法医学亲权鉴定与个人识别。结果建立了荧光标记复合扩增检测4个STR基因座基因型的方法,具有良好的稳定性和较好的灵敏度,分型结果准确。结论研究建立的方法操作简便,分型结果稳定可靠,可用于遗传多态性研究和法医学亲权鉴定与个人识别。     

关于Chelex 100提取DNA方法的进一步研究——延长保温时间对Chelex100提取DNA的影响

目的探讨用Chelex100法提取血斑DNA时,56℃保温时间、100℃保温时间长短对STR扩增的影响。方法分别改变提取过程中56℃和100℃保温时间,观察其扩增结果。结果56℃这一步骤的保温时间分别设为10min、30min和2h,100℃保温时间设为4min、8min、15min和30min,以上步骤所提取的DNA其扩增结果有明显的差异。结论在一定的时间范围内,每个STR基因座的峰值随着这两步骤保温时间的增加而增加。     

物之所在地法原则的局限性及其克服

物之所在地法原则是国际私法中关于涉外物权法律适用规则中的一项重要原则,随着社会的发展,在物权和财产权领域产生了诸多新的问题。为适应新的情况,有必要对传统的涉外物权领域的冲突规范进行重构,而其中的关键就在于要最大化地克服物之所在地法原则固有的局限性。克服的方法主要在于引入弹性连接点,即通过引入最密切联系原则和当事人意思自治原则,使传统的物之所在地法更具有开放性和包容性,只有这样才能使这一重要冲突法原则跟上时代的发展,重新焕发出勃勃生机。     

A proposal for standardization in forensic canine DNA typing: allele nomenclature of six canine-specific STR loci

In this study a proposal for the allele nomenclature of six polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) loci (PEZ3, PEZ6, PEZ8, PEZ10, FHC2161, and FHC2328) for canine genotyping (Canis lupus familiaris) is presented. The nomenclature is based on the sequence data of the polymorphic region of the microsatellite markers as recommended by the DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Haemogenetics (ISFH) in 1994 for human DNA typing. To cover commonly and rarely occurring alleles, a selection of homozygous and heterozygous animals were analyzed and subjected to sequence studies. The alleles consisted of simple tri- and tetra-nucleotide repeat patterns as well as compound and highly complex repeat patterns. Several alleles revealing the same fragment size but different repeat structures were found. The allele designation described here was adopted to the number of repeats, including all variable regions within the amplified fragment. In a second step the most commonly occurring alleles were added to an allelic ladder for each marker allowing a reliable typing of all alleles differing in size. A total number of 142 unrelated dogs from surrounding municipal animal homes, private households, and canines in police duty were analyzed. The data were added to a population database providing allele frequencies for each marker.     

Population data for four population groups from the United States for the eleven Y-chromosome STR loci recommended by SWGDAM

POPULATIONS: Caucasian ( n =1243), African American ( n =1605), Hispanic ( n =454), and Native American ( n =104).