Understanding the psychological aspects of the radicalisation process:a sociocognitive approach

Understanding the psychological dimensions underlying the radicalisation process is a considerable challenge in the context of the legal judicial treatment of perpetrators of acts of radical violence. This clinical and qualitative study is based on an analysis of legal expert interviews of people at different stages of the radicalisation process. It highlights common psychological characteristics in personality, mechanisms of moral neutralisation and sociocognitive and interpretive treatment during radicalisation. These observations suggest the applicability of a model of cognitive–emotional transformation of self and meaning-building in radical violent engagement.     

当前我国非直接利益冲突频发的体制性根源

近年频发的非直接利益冲突是社会矛盾的新形态,是改革开放过程中经济—政治—行政—社会等体制性弊端日积月累的必然产物。这些弊端主要表现为经济利益高度分化所导致的"相对剥夺感"、参与制度供给不足所导致的"权利贫困"、公共权力异化和政府治理能力滞后所导致的"合法性危机"及公民社会发育不良所导致的"公共空间萎缩"。     

The effects of populism as a social identity frame on persuasion and mobilisation: Evidence from a 15-country experiment

This article investigates the impact of populist messages on issue agreement and readiness for action in 15 countries (N = 7,286). Specifically, populist communicators rely on persuasive strategies by which social group cues become more salient and affect people's judgment of and political engagement with political issues. This strategy is called ‘populist identity framing’ because the ordinary people as the in-group is portrayed as being threatened by various out-groups. By blaming political elites for societal or economic problems harming ordinary people, populist communicators engage in anti-elitist identity framing. Another strategy is to blame immigrants for social problems – that is, exclusionist identity framing. Finally, right-wing political actors combine both cues and depict an even more threatening situation of the ordinary people as the in-group. Based on social identity theory, an experimental study in 15 European countries shows that most notably the anti-elitist identity frame has the potential to persuade voters. Additionally, relative deprivation makes recipients more susceptible to the mobilising impact of the populist identity frames.     

法庭剥夺律师辩护人资格的理论反思

近年来,律师被法庭剥夺辩护人资格在我国刑事审判中时有发生。律师不被允许继续参与庭审,通常发生在律师被驱逐出庭、主动退庭、未按时出庭或被法院认为不具备辩护条件等情形中。为了维持法庭秩序、维护司法权威,应当承认法庭在特定情形下剥夺律师的辩护人资格具有一定的正当性。但为了避免法庭权力被滥用,减少负面影响的“外溢”,也应当对法庭实施这一行为加以限制,包括高度重视当事人的意愿、从严限定法庭剥夺辩护人资格的事由、严格界定作出决定的主体并规范相应的程序机制。与此同时,还应系统性地加强对辩护律师的权利救济、重视对被告人的辩护权保护。     

Emotional Intuitions and Moral Play

Brosnan's research on chimpanzees and capuchin monkeys provides invaluable clues to unlocking the complex nature of human morality. Elaborating upon her claims, we explore the role of emotions in basic social interactions, social regulation processes, and morality, all of which may be crucial to both human and nonhuman communities. We then turn to a conceptualization of teasing and play as forums for negotiating norms and the boundaries of acceptable behavior, and focus on the role of emotions in assessing the moral character of others. Finally, we consider points of convergence and departure between human responses to relative deprivation and those observed by Brosnan in primates. We conclude that work such as Brosnan's paves the way for fruitful collaborations between scholars of morality from diverse fields.     

剥夺军衔刑探讨

剥夺军衔刑是剥夺犯罪军人军衔的刑罚,1997年刑法典未将剥夺军衔刑予以规定。但是无论是刑法典本身或者是立法解释都并未明示废止剥夺军衔刑,《中华人民共和国军官军衔条例》也并未被废止。剥夺军衔刑具有刑罚内容的独特性、适用对象和方式的特定性、刑罚主体的双重性等特点,它与军衔降级和取消、剥夺预备役军衔、剥夺士兵军衔有着明显的区别。     

Rising punitivity in times of economic crisis? Assessing the relationship between the economic situation and the longing for harsher sanctioning

This paper analyses if the economic situation is related to punitivity, that is, if adverse of economic patterns go along with a longing for harsher sanctions in the population. Several scholars have postulated that increased economic insecurities and anxieties may lead to the preference for harsher sanctioning. Empirical research, however, could not confirm the link between individual economic conditions and punitivity. We therefore introduce the concept of relative deprivation as mechanism between the economic situation and punitivity. Database is a nationwide representative survey (N = 3,073) with a multilevel design that allows to differentiate between the individual and the county level conditions. Our analyses confirmed the impact of the regional economic situation on punitivity. The objective individual situation, however, has no influence on punitivity, when we control for relative deprivation and education. Additionally, we find a significant impact of relative deprivation on punitivity. Relative deprivation itself is dependent on the individual economic situation as well as on the county level economic conditions.     

剥夺政治权利＂溢出性使用＂的限度

剥夺政治权利有其严格的适用对象和情形，但我国一些规范性法律文件大量溢出性使用剥夺政治权利，我国《教师法》对“受到剥夺政治权利的”有特别规定。与世界其他国家相比，我国《教师法》不考虑特定的犯罪主体、特定的罪犯类型、犯罪行为与工作内容的关联性，将具有剥夺过政治权利前科的“行为人”作为调整的对象，全部永久地排斥其成为教师的可能性。这种限制或剥夺不仅不具有合比例性，也不具有现实的正当性。因此，剥夺政治权利溢出性使用必须有限度，其比较合理的路径是：根据前科属性和受教育者自身的特征分类地限制或剥夺受刑人的教师资格。     

徒刑中自由内容与结构初探——从中国囚犯劳动报酬获取权利之实际状态切入

徒刑到底剥夺或限制着罪犯哪些自由目前并不清楚。以囚犯劳动报酬获取权利之实践来论述徒刑中被依法剥夺的自由类型和结构，就是一种很好的尝试。刑法除了规定囚犯必须参加劳动外，并未提及劳动报酬获取权，但规定只要罪犯劳动表现和贡献符合法定标准，就可获得减刑、假释，以劳动成果换取自由是一项制度实践；但此做法目前实际上还只专用于少数人而不普遍适用于一般服刑者，这表明从学理上揭示徒刑被剥夺的自由类型与结构有重大的实践意义。     

Spending the Golden Years Behind Bars: Predictors of Mental Health Issues Among Geriatric Prisoners

Mental illness in older inmates remains an underexplored topic of interest for prison research. The present study addresses gaps in extant literature, using a nationally representative sample of 1,907 male and female geriatric inmates in the United States (age range 50–84 years; M = 56) to analyze the association between mental health and predictors, such as gender, victimization, physical illnesses, and protective/ameliorative factors. The authors discuss their findings in relation to a theoretical framework that integrates the importation and deprivation models, as well as provide discourse on policy implications and future directions for research on older prison inmates.