论德国法中的第三人缔约过失责任

德国法中长期由判例发展出的由第三人承担缔约过失责任的做法已借助新债法的修订正式纳入民法典中,这一对传统意义上理解的缔约过失责任的突破昭示了该责任信赖保护的宗旨,可以对正确认识缔约过失责任提供启示。     

没有还款期限的欠条诉讼时效该如何起算？

没有还款期限的欠条(或借条),是在司法实践中会经常碰到的现象,而我国法律对此种民事行为又无相应的具体规定,导致了诉讼时效没有起算的结论,不但有悖法理,而且与当前国际立法潮流甚为不符,甚至与我国现有的司法解释亦背道而驰.     

知识产权犯罪动因论析

随着信息时代的到来,网络膨胀着社会各方面的发展,知识经济潮头涌现。知识产权犯罪作为知识经济的消极衍生物,处于滋生蔓延状态。知识产权犯罪具有复杂的政治、经济、社会、文化以及心理原因,这些原因有机整合为一个原因体系。     

东北老工业基地振兴中的城市物流发展研究

在东北老工业基地振兴中,城市物流是增强区域综合竞争力、实现城市带动区域发展战略的基础。东北老工业基地城市物流的特点是大进大出、商贸物流发展迅速,优势是发展基础好、潜力大,不足之处在高成本、低效率的发展阶段,存在着诸多问题。根据供应链管理和产业集群理论、东北老工业基地城市物流发展的战略重点应放在规划协调城市物流管理、引导城市物流有序发展,建设公用型物流平台,加快制度建设,明确核心城市物流发展目标,实现优势互补上。     

Back to Basics Mexican Style: Radical Catholicism and Survival on the Margins1

Abstract— The significance of radical Catholic movements among the urban poor in Latin American cities has been the subject of much debate over recent years, though Mexican cases have received less attention. This paper argues that their practical, material objectives cannot be understood in isolation from the holistic religious and moral community in which participants project for themselves. It is also argued that the social justice sought within the base communities is as much a product of a long, if varied, radical, Christian tradition as it is of the particular circumstances of political and economic marginalisation in contemporary Mexican cities.     

Peer pressure and adolescent substance use

Peer influence is regarded as one of the strongest determinants of juvenile delinquency and particularly adolescent substance use. A commonly held view is that social pressure from friends to use drugs and alcohol is a major contributor to substance use. Yet the notion of peer pressure, implied by the association between peer-group associations and drug behavior, is seldom tested empirically. As a crucial test of the group pressure model, this research examines the role of peer pressure in mediating the effect of differential association on individual use. Moreover, few studies examine the nature of the relationship between peers and substance use as it relates to the processes leading toand from use. Drawing on differential association and social learning theories, our research specifies the social processes (socialization, group pressure, social selection, and rationalization) which dictate particular causal pathways leading to and from substance use and then estimates the reciprocal influences among differential association, social pressure from peers, attitudes favorable toward substance use, and individual use. Using the 1977–1979 National Youth Survey panel data, we estimate a covariance structural equation model allowing for correlated measurement error. In the cross-sectional analyses, we find no main effects of overt peer pressure on substance use. Estimation of the reciprocal effects model also reveals that overt peer pressure does not significantly influence substance use and does not mediate the effect of differential association. Instead, the influences of socialization, social selection, and rationalization play significant roles in understanding substance use.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 1994 American Society of Criminology meetings in Miami, Florida.     

传统发展理念的内在矛盾

传统发展理念由于其包含一系列内在矛盾而使自身陷入困境并导致了发展危机。这主要表现在:发展至上主义的迷醉及其对生存家园的遗忘;技术乐观主义的虚妄及其对有限理性的消失;人类中心主义的偏执及其对天人关系的僭越;消费享乐主义的滥觞及其对生态伦理的缺席。在揭示传统发展理念深层矛盾困境的同时,昭示当代人应自觉走出其设定的内部陷阱,从而为建构通向未来科学的发展观扫清理念上的障碍。     

作为知识社会学个案的我国“法律文化”研究

学界在谈论法律文化研究在我国兴起的原因之时,多将其归咎于国外法律文化研究的引入,这固然不错,但笔者以为,恐怕更深层次的原因还在于特定时代背景下的现实需求使然;法律文化研究在我国的出现,是基于特定“社会居所”的现实欲求和历史思索以及学术共同体内部渴望打破旧有研究格局的需要等多重诱因作用的结果,国外法律文化研究的传入,某种意义上仅仅是开放了法学界希望从更为广阔的角度来理解和解说法律实践的特定接受趋向,同时赋予国内的法律文化研究一种“学术合法性的追认”,并未产生太大实质性学术影响。     

论罪刑法定原则的社会基础

罪刑法定原则的立法化 ,当然离不了学者们的创构与证成 ,但是关键还在于社会的现实需要。在一定意义上讲 ,罪刑法定原则的立法化与社会的现实结构紧密相关。在中国 ,伴随着一元化社会结构的是源远流长的刑事类推制度 ,而随着市民社会的兴起和二元化社会结构的成长 ,罪刑法定原则终于实现了立法化。     

Operationalizing Social Capital: A Strategy to Enhance Communities'"Capacity to Concert"

This article addresses a concern increasingly being voiced in the donor establishment: fifty years of development assistance programs have failed to produce conclusive evidence that they can foster sustainable economic and social development in poor countries. The nature of donor programs is such that it emphasizes economic remedies and orients aid to finite projects. Yet recent evidence suggests that sustained development may be more a continued civic process whereby communities form their capacity to come to their own understandings about public ways of behaving and relating, whereby they develop their capacity to concert . This translates into a practical capability to pinpoint underlying problems, assess alternative approaches, and devise solutions most likely to be sustained. This micro capability may also have important macroeconomic implications in terms of institutional predictability and—through it—in terms of scale economies, transaction costs, transparency, incentive to innovate, and climate to implement public policies. The article suggests an alternative approach to development assistance and offers concrete recommendations to donors.