Integrating societal and psychological rules of entitlement: The basic task of each social actor and fundamental problem for the social sciences

A preliminary statement of a theoretical framework integrating psychological and societal determinants of justice in human affairs is presented. It is proposed that the social structure provides the rules of entitlement and decision making that regulate the course of routine social interaction. These societally based norms are representable in people's conscious thought processes. By contrast, the psychologically generated rules of entitlement, typically contradict conventionally accepted rules of thought and discourse and thus remain unconscious. The major part of the discussion considers the motivationally important circumstances that engage the unconscious psychologically compelling determinants and how their appearance in behavior is both shaped and legitimized by the situationally prevailing normative context. The final section considers some of the more important methodological, theoretical, and social policy implications of this social psychological theory of entitlements.     

暗网环境下恐怖主义信息挖掘与分析

随着互联网和人工智能的快速发展,恐怖主义活动方式变得更为隐秘。网络恐怖主义活动空间从表网的在线社区与视频分享平台转向暗网黑市交易和暗网论坛。针对暗网节点通信和交易信息高度匿名等特点,相应的反恐工作需要采取新的技术手段,以深度切入恐怖分子用于扩大影响的暗网空间。为此,可以设计和优化专门适用于暗网的聚焦爬虫工具,挖掘恐怖主义活动信息;可以搭建涉恐事件数据模型,分析恐怖组织可能的线下攻击手段;可以利用社会网络分析和超链接分析方法,定位暗网内恐怖主义隐蔽社区和危险用户集群。通过准确把握暗网中的匿名恐怖主义活动规律,抓住安全监控与防范的重点、难点,综合施策,以及适时制定和精准实施反恐网络安全策略,能够最大限度遏制暗网恐怖主义的危害,保护国家安全和人民利益。     

Social Media Influence on Diplomatic Negotiation: Shifting the Shape of the Table

Social media is changing not only the atmosphere in which international negotiations take place; it is also changing the very substance of the deals. Because of the pace and proliferation of social media, negotiators must read “weak signals” early on—and anticipate a quickly organized, highly motivated opposition. However, diplomatic negotiators still lack the tools to engage in this sort of anticipatory strategy design. This article examines two recent cases, one involving the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership and the other involving a German Constitutional Court’s ruling on the European Central Bank’s Public Debt Purchasing Program, in which social media had a highly disruptive, unanticipated impact on international negotiations—to the point of forcing negotiators’ hands—and suggests institutional remedies to better anticipate the catalytic impact of advancing technology on diplomatic interactions.     

Zwischen Kultur und Kalkül? Vertrauen und Sozialkapital im Kontext der neoinstitutionalistischen Wende

Trust and social capital work in social networks as informal institutions, favouring cooperation between the participants of such social interaction. However, the increasing use of both terms has been accompanied by vanishing conceptual and theoretical precision. In order to counterbalance this development this article tries to clarify some of the major puzzles connected with both terms. First, we embed trust and social capital within the institutionalist turn in political science. Second however, we demonstrate that trust and social capital have been modelled from at least two perspectives: sociological institutionalism and economic institutionalism. Furthermore, attempts of combining those approaches have lead to decreasing theoretical consistency. Finally, we propose that economic institutionalism is theoretically and empirically more fruitful to explain the creation and destruction of social capital.     

社会资本理论剖析

社会资本理论作为一种新兴的资本理论受到了经济学家和社会学家的高度重视。社会资本理论的分析方法实质上是经济学方法论的回归。这一理论的体系和结构主要可以从社会资本的定义、内容、性质和结构等方面采把握。社会资本对我们的经济发展具有重要的影响,既有积极的一面也有消极的一面。当前这一理论研究的难点和不足主要集中在:社会资本的度量、社会资本的投资和积累、社会资本的结构变迁以及社会资本与产权归属等问题上。     

论权利主体

权利主体可以归结为两种基本形态--作为权利主体的自我(公民)和作为权利主体的大我(法人).个人只有取得公民的资格,拥有权利能力和行为能力,并拥有权利能力的指向物时,才能成为权利主体.大我是公意的人格化或人格体.在法人行使权利时,支配的自然过程与支配的社会过程必然发生分离.权利主体之间最基本的原则是:所有权的神圣不可侵犯、契约自由和权利主体在法律面前的平等.     

农民工权益保障机制的缺失与健全--兼谈工会组织的维权途径

农民工的权益保障机制上存在的缺失已经引起社会各界的广泛关注.保障农民工权益是一项复杂的系统工程,必须通过加强法律法规制度建设和社会各界的共同努力.工会作为集体劳动权的代表者和维护者,对维护农民工的合法权益、推进农民工权益保障机制建设,应该作出符合市场经济规则的制度性选择.     

人力资源管理新趋向与工会的应对措施

面对激烈的国际市场竞争,现代企业人力资源管理模式的示范效应明显增加。工会应认真研究如何充分利用人力资源管理方法,力争有效地将人力资源管理的知识和技术转换为工会协调企业内部劳动关系、维护职工劳动经济权益的重要手段之一。     

论邓小平宪政思想

邓小平的宪政思想对于现阶段我国的宪政建设具有重要的指导意义。宪法至上是邓小平宪政思想的前提。发展民主是邓小平宪政思想的主要内容。实行法治是邓小平宪政思想的核心原则。保障人权是邓小平宪政思想的目的。掌握并运用邓小平宪政思想的基本理论,对于我国目前正在进行的中国特色的宪政建设,具有不可忽视的重大意义。