分子印迹固相萃取法在血中苯丙胺类毒品分析中的应用

目的建立分子印迹固相萃取（MISPE）、GC/MS分析方法,用于血液中苯丙胺类毒品检测。方法 10mmol/L醋酸铵缓冲液（pH8.0）4倍稀释空白添加血液,1mL甲醇,1mL10mmol/L醋酸铵缓冲液（pH8.0）活化苯丙胺类分子印迹固相萃取柱;2×1mL去离子水、1mL60%的乙腈去离子水、1mL1%醋酸乙腈洗涤杂质;2×1mL1%甲酸/甲醇洗脱,洗脱液挥干定容,经GC/NPD、GC/MS分析检测。结果各种苯丙胺类毒品回收率均在90%以上,在20～5 000ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,r2为0.995 7～0.998 9,LOQ在16～30ng/mL之间,LOD在8～15ng/mL之间。结论本方法回收率高,净化效果显著,稳定性好,杂质干扰少,可用于血液中低浓度苯丙胺类毒品的分析检测。     

固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定全血中多塞平

目的建立固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱（SPE-LC-MS/MS）分析全血中多塞平的方法。方法以阿米替林为内标,全血样品经固相萃取处理后,通过液相色谱-串联质谱技术进行检测（电喷雾离子源正离子方式,多反应监测模式）。监测离子对m/z多塞平为280→107、280→235、280→220,阿米替林为278→233。多塞平和阿米替林的保留时间分别为15.15min和16.94min。结果全血中多塞平在0.005～1.00μg/mL质量浓度范围内呈线性关系,线性方程为y=3.2047x＋0.0339,相关系数（r）=0.9996,检出限为0.001μg/mL;平均提取回收率为78.0%～82.9%,日内精密度〈2.55%,日间精密度〈5.90%。结论本方法快速简便、灵敏、重现性好,适用于全血中多塞平的检测。     

全血中扎来普隆两种萃取方法的比较

目的建立血样中扎来普隆的液液萃取和固相萃取方法。方法液液萃取方法是在碱性条件下用二氯甲烷提取。固相萃取是采用OasisHLB固相萃取柱提取,萃取液均用GC/NPD检验,并对其进行比较。结果血样中扎来普隆固相萃取平均回收率达89%以上,液液萃取平均回收率为84%,GC/NPD最低检出限为2×10-2μg.mL-1。结论两种方法均能满足实际检案的需求,而固相萃取方法在减少仪器损耗和内源性杂质干扰方面具有较大的优势。     

The Differentiation of the Volatile Organic Signatures of Individuals Through SPME-GC/MS of Characteristic Human Scent Compounds

Abstract:  Human scent evidence is utilized as an investigative tool through canine scent discriminations based on the premise that human scent is an individualizing characteristic. This study describes the development of what is effectively a human scent barcode consisting of the relative ratios of an individual's "primary odor" compounds utilized to determine a reproducible and individualizing profile which can be stored in a searchable database for a proof of concept of human scent as a biometric measure. Triplicate hand odor samples were evaluated from 10 subjects utilizing solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) and compared via Spearman Rank Correlations. Narrowing the compounds considered for each subject to only those common in all three samples, or a subject's "primary odor constituents," produced a greater degree of both individualization and discrimination; at both correlation thresholds of 0.9 and 0.8, the individuals were correctly discriminated and identified in 99.54% of the cases.     

固相微萃取技术在毛发药物分析中的应用

固相微萃取（SPME）可与GC/MS、HPLC/MS等在线联用,实现分离、分析一体化的特点为其在毛发药物分析中的应用提供了可能性和良好的应用前景。本文对SPME技术在毛发中滥用药物如苯丙胺类、美沙酮、大麻、可卡因、利多卡因等及其相应代谢产物的分析研究及应用进展做一综述。     

超声辅助固相萃取-HPLC法测定不同地区缴获鸦片样品中生物碱

目的本文建立了超声辅助固相萃取-HPLC法定量测定缴获鸦片样品中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可汀5种生物碱并同时检出6种未知化合物的方法。采用主成分分析法区分不同地区缴获的鸦片样品。方法采用超声辅助固相萃取法提取生物碱,XDB-C18（5μm×4.6mm×250mm）色谱柱,流动相为10mM的1-庚烷磺酸钠（pH 3.2）和乙腈,梯度洗脱,紫外检测器检测。结果该方法的定量限为0.58~2.78 mg/kg。添加水平在0.2～1.5mg/mL范围内,平均加标回收率为81.0%～99.2%,相对标准偏差为1.6%～5.0%。结论本方法重现性好、定量准确,满足定量检测鸦片中生物碱含量并对不同产地鸦片进行分类的需要。     

DIFFERING OPINIONS DO NOT SPOIL FRIENDSHIPS: MANAGING PUBLIC–PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS IN JORDAN

This research investigates the approaches, strategies and challenges facing the management of the implementation phase of public–private partnership (PPP) projects in Jordan. Jordan is a newer but common user of PPPs in the Middle Eastern region, where PPPs not only are of economic strategic importance but also entail significant investment risk given resource scarcity. This research involves semi‐structured interviews with senior managers representing different partnering organisations in two case study organisations in Jordan. The research finds that, despite the management difficulties confronting PPP managers, strategies adopted by them limit the impact of these challenges. The research makes an important theoretical contribution in providing a detailed analysis of effective PPP management approaches in response to difficulties at the implementation phase, which had not been systematically explored in extant PPP research, and broadens PPP research to the Jordanian context. Moreover, the research contributes greater understanding of how partnerships should be effectively managed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

情境教学法在原始凭证实训阶段中的运用

原始凭证作为整个账务处理的初始环节起着极其重要的作用和地位。无论手工处理,还是电算化处理,对待原始凭证的处理都是一样的,即自行整理、分析、提炼经济业务。实训阶段所要解决的核心问题就是＂见票就知业务＂,这势必要求引入情境教学法才能有效的完成实训任务。本课题组从原始凭证的分类入手,将情境教学法分别运用于外来原始凭证和自制原始凭证两类常见实训业务中,总结和归纳出指导教师的经验和方法。     

SPE-GC/MS 法分析鱼塘水中的5种农药

目的：建立鱼类中毒案件中鱼塘水5种农药的固相萃取（solid phase extraction,SPE）结合气相色谱－质谱联用仪（GC/MS）的检测方法。方法比较 Oasis HLB cartridge、Bond Elut C18和 SampliQ C183种固相萃取柱提取、净化鱼塘水中5种农药的提取回收率,并考察洗脱剂种类、洗脱剂用量对提取回收率的影响。结果利用 Bond Elut C18固相萃取柱,以3mL 苯作为洗脱剂,鱼塘水中5种农药质量浓度在1~50μg/mL范围内有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0．9962~0．9996,测得的检出限为3．4~26μg/L,提取回收率为61．49%~102．48%,相对标准偏差均≤3．01%。结论 SPE－GC/MS 法灵敏度高、准确度和精密度好,简单快速,溶剂消耗量少,适用于鱼塘水中5种农药的检测。     

Chemical Contamination of Soft Drinks in Sealed Plastic Bottles by Environmental Stress Cracking

Abstract:  A contamination of soft drinks in sealed bottles by organic solvents is reported: closed bottles full of soft drinks were accidentally placed on a cardboard soaked with thinner and the organic fluid subsequently fissured the bottom of the bottles and penetrated into the soft drinks without any apparent leakage of the soft drinks. Experiments were carried out to simulate the process: the penetration of different organic solvents into soft drinks through the bottom of closed bottles was tested. The penetration occurred only when the closed bottles contained carbonated soft drinks (CSD), indicating that inner pressure is a necessary condition for the fissuring of the bottles. This paper discusses environmental stress cracking of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles by organic solvents and migration of chemicals to CSD. Experiments were conducted to determine the conditions in which PET can be permeable to poisoning organic products.