关于旅游空间格局与旅游区位的思考

旅游业的开发与规划,是建立在资源调查、评价、预测、可行性论证的基础上,在多学科理论指导下进行的重要工作,而在实践中,旅游的空间格局、区位优势、规模结构、地域结构、层次结构等方面仍然存在许多问题,值得认真分析和研究.     

Humanitarianism in intra-state conflict: aid inequality and local governance in government- and opposition-controlled areas in the Syrian war

This article argues that humanitarian aid in intra-state conflict plays a crucial but largely unrecognised role in shaping the preconditions for negotiations for peace and post-conflict reconstruction. Drawing on a spatial theory approach, it identifies the role of humanitarian aid as not being temporary and independent, but as forming an integral part of the daily lives of local communities and of continuously evolving structures of governance during conflict. As a result, significant imbalances in the distribution of aid between different geographical areas, as highlighted in the current Syrian war, threaten not only the immediate survival of civilians, but also their future.     

犯罪热点研究的空间分析方法

随着犯罪的频繁发生,犯罪热点受到越来越多相关部门的关注。在此,应用不同的空间分析方法,研究犯罪热点的分布,提出预防犯罪的措施,以期为社会稳定提供参考。     

Regions of Hierarchy and Security: US Troop Deployments,Spatial Relations,and Defense Burdens

Recent work has begun exploring the effects of foreign military deployments on host-state foreign policies. However, research mostly focuses on dyadic relationships between major powers and host-states, ignoring the broader regional security environment of host-states. We develop a theory of spatial hierarchies to understand how security relationships throughout the region surrounding the host-state affect host-state foreign policy. Using data on US military deployments from 1950–2005, we show that regional security considerations condition how host-states respond to the deployment of military forces to their territory. Consequently, regional analyses are fundamental in understanding monadic and dyadic decisions about security, alliance behavior, and conflict.     

Jurisprudential Foundation of the Alogithmic Enforcement and Regulation of Law in an Intelligent Society: Taking the Automated Copyright Infringement Monitoring of the Online Content Sharing Platform as an Example

As cyber-space has become increasingly important for human activities, and intelligent algorithms are widely used in cyber-space, we are rapidly entering an intelligent society. Now, algorithmic enforcement and regulations of law have posed non-negligible issues. As algorithmic enforcement of copyright law was introduced earlier than that of other laws, it provides a helpful observation perspective. The worldwide practice of copyright enforcement has gradually departed from traditional “safe harbor provisions, ” and has emphasized prior examination of shared contents uploaded by Internet service providers’ (ISPs) users through the following three dimensions: automated infringement detection algorithms voluntarily used by the ISPs, heavier judicial liability of ISPs, and updated legislation principles. Thus, innovations and development have stimulated new mechanisms and regulations for enforcing copyright in cyberspace. Algorithmic enforcement of copyright law in an intelligent society is essential and meaningful. The copyright regulation mechanisms should be guided by jurisprudential principles and concepts featuring the principles of (a) legitimate and efficient flow of information, (b) balance between and among algorithmic power, public power and private rights, (c) boosting the sharing economy and the new gig economy, and (d) promoting social governance philosophy of “coconstruction, co-governance and sharing.” These principles are meaningful for creation of a new mechanism for balancing interests between ISPs and their users, and for introducing the pluralistic co-governance mechanism beyond simply practicing “filtering obligations.” In addition, these principles are significant for improving a certification with credibility of copyright status and ownership, and for advancing a mechanism for online collegiate-panel dispute resolution.     

File‐sharing,Filtering and the Spectre of the Automated Censor

The European Parliament's Bono report is an example of how politicians can speak up for the interests of citizens against those of multi‐national corporations. The report concerned the economic status of the cultural industries in Europe, but it has become known for one amendment, protecting citizens' rights on the Internet. The issue at stake is open access to the Internet, versus alleged copyright infringement through online file sharing. As the UK sets out its own policy proposals for copyright and the Internet, the Bono amendment invites us to consider the wider agenda for copyright enforcement, content filtering and the potential for industrial censorship.     

现代行政法意义上的城市空间利益

现代社会的城市化高度发展使城市空间利益作为一种集合性利益的特征愈加明显,我国尚缺乏系统的城市法研究,亟待我们从行政法的角度构建城市空间利益的概念。对此,首先要将城市空间利益作为城市行政法理论中的一个概念进行考察,从城市空间的本质把握城市空间利益的公法权利属性。其次,要考察城市空间利益在行政法上的制度设计。参考日本代表性的集合性利益理论提出的制度构想,我们可以从城市规划设定规制地域的范围和规制内容的程度这两个方面确定某个地域内的集合性城市空间利益,并从行政程序参与权、行政诉讼原告资格、团体诉讼等方面为城市空间利益提供制度保障。     

大脑功能一侧化研究的新进展

80年代初，大脑两半球功能活动一侧化现象的基本发现引起了人们对心理活动机制的许多推测。近期的研究对这一问题有了一些新的认识：分离后的左右脑可能不存在“双重意识“；左右脑半球有可能都介入视觉空间信息的加工；正常人左右脑半球的机能优势活动存在复杂的时间－空间动态－侧化关系。     

利用光学滤波方法提取透明薄片上的指纹

目的将透明薄片材料上的指纹看作＂位相物＂,利用阿贝-波特空间滤波实验进行显现研究;方法通过光学4f系统利用暗场法进行空间滤波,并将实验结果和刑事照相中的透射配光方法进行比较。结果该种方法透明薄片材料上微弱汗液指纹的显现取得较好的效果;结论利用阿贝-波特空间滤波实验可以显现部分透明薄片材料上的指纹,有关细节问题有待进一步研究。     

Impacts of Violent Crime and Neighborhood Structure on Trusting Your Neighbors

The current work investigated impacts of local violent crime rates on residents’ willingness to trust neighbors. Crime has been thought to “atomize” community. Many works have considered impacts of crime on local social climate or vice versa. A smaller number of works have linked crime with general judgments about trustworthiness, but there has been little work on crime and trust of neighbors. 2002 survey data of 4,133 Philadelphia residents in 45 neighborhoods were combined with census and reported crime data to address this question. Multilevel, multinomial logit models confirmed that residents’ willingness to trust their neighbors varied significantly across neighborhoods for two response category contrasts: strongly agreeing or agreeing neighbors were trustworthy, each relative to strongly disagreeing. As expected, residents in neighborhoods with higher crime rates judged their neighbors as less dependable, even after controlling for local participation. Neighborhood crime and status impacts both depended on the contrast considered and on how status and crime were disentangled. Results align with some earlier works showing contingent effects of crime on ties, or contingent effects of ties on crime. Results extend earlier works by simultaneously focusing on one critical and central assessment of neighbors, showing important differences across response categories, and simultaneously finding extraneighborhood impacts.