Integrating Policies,Plans and Programmes in Local Government: An Exploration from a Spatial Planning Perspective

Local government bodies are increasingly attempting to integrate different functions and departments in the production of policies, plans and programmes. Despite this interest, a general lack of conceptualisation around integration currently exists, presenting difficulties for local government practitioners to pursue such integration. This article reports findings of an ESRC PhD case study into integration in local government, and presents a conceptualisation which seeks to resolve these outstanding issues surrounding integration. These findings are particularly apt given the ongoing changes to local government in England.     

Level of services,spatial dependence and allocative efficiency in local governments

In the public economics literature expenditure needs, allocative efficiency and spatial dependence of local governments costs have been widely analysed separately implying bias estimations of the expenditure needs at local level. An original procedure that simultaneously takes into account the standard level of services, the allocative efficiency and the spatial proximity among Municipalities, has been proposed. The estimation strategy has been applied on a very detailed database of more than 4,000 Italian Municipalities for the year 2013.     

“中三角”空间范围与发展定位

"中三角"以湘鄂赣三省为宜,以武汉城市群、长株潭城市群和大南昌城市群为主要载体。应分别从空间定位、功能定位、产业定位、特色定位等四方面对"中三角"及各大片区发展进行战略定位。研究表明,"中三角"应定位为我国重要的"两基地三区、一中心一枢纽",成为中部地区崛起的重要战略支点和核心增长极,成为我国具有国际性功能、跨省域影响力和较强创新能力的区域性经济中心和重要的经济区,成为继珠三角、长三角、环渤海之后中国经济增长的第四极。     

A Semi-Parametric Spatial Regression Approach to Post-War Human Security: Cambodia, 2002–2004

Human security in post-war societies depends on incentives to forego violence in local interactions. The government of Cambodia monitors domestic violence, land conflicts and serious crime in over 13,000 villages and urban neighbourhoods. We use three annual data collections to estimate the response of these conflicts to the legacy of the war, poverty and resource competition, urbanity as well as governance quality. Bayesian spatial regressions help identify socio-economic thresholds beyond which conflicts expand or contract significantly. We find numerous non-linearities in the propensities for violence. Notably, predicted rates decrease in response to quality of governance only at a high level of service provision, which, realistically, most communities may not soon achieve. This may justify dedicated programmes addressing particular types of conflicts. We propose alternative analytic approaches, including some that would make the problem of endogeneity more tractable once updated poverty estimates become available. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The European Court of Justice and the Annulment of the Tobacco Advertisement Directive: Friend of National Sovereignty or Foe of Public Health?

In Case C-376/98 Germany v Council the European Court of Justice annulled a Directive which banned the advertisement and sponsorship of tobacco. The judgment sanctions regulatory policy-making at the national rather than the Community level. The paper examines the legal basis of the annulment, its effect on economic efficiency and the implied role of the Court in the formulation of public policy in Europe. Within the institutional limits of the judicial power to determine policy, the Court focused on whether or not disparate national laws restrict free movement and distort competition and affirmed the primacy of the nation state to regulate economic activity.     

我国经济增长效率的空间特征分析:2000-2010

本文从空间分布规律视角分析我国经济增长的效率结构。对我国内地31个省份2000-2010年经济增长的效率进行Malmquisit指数分解,结果表明我国经济存在效率对增长贡献份额低、技术利用效率几乎无改善、技术进步主宰效率变化的总体特征。同时,各区域之间经济效率差距巨大,东部、东北地区优于中、西部地区,而西部又好于中部地区。依据Moran-I指数分析发现,各省份之间的技术进步和整体经济效率呈现出集聚状态,而技术利用效率未表现出空间相关性。空间分析结果意味着要获得持续稳定均衡增长,必需加快市场制度建设,改变当前依赖行政推进的区域经济发展模式。     

地方保护与产业集聚：基于空间经济模型的分析

将地方政府干预经济行为融入Krugman的"中心--外围"模型,以此来分析地方政府采取保护政策对厂商迁移和地区产业集聚的影响.研究表明,在中国分权体制改革进程中,地方政府基于对税基、管辖区福利、政府自身利益等因素的考虑,采取了有利于本地区经济利益的保护政策,在一定程度上扭曲了地区间生产资源的配置.在实施地方保护政策情况下,除非运输成本很低、迁移目的地的支出水平很高或市场分额足够大,从而为厂商带来的规模经济效应足以补偿地方保护所产生的厂商迁移的机会成本,否则,将阻碍厂商的跨辖区迁移和产业的地区集聚,从而造成地区间分工弱化与市场分割、各地区重复建设与产业同构现象的存在.     

Xenophobia on a Suburban Paris Housing Estate

Abstract

Xenophobia has become a politically charged phenomenon in France, and is often linked to matters of daily life on suburban housing estates. Haegel's article is based on a survey conducted among the inhabitants of a Parisian housing estate called ‘La Cité des 4000 logements’. Remarks about immigrants took up much time and space throughout the interviews. The analysis of these remarks could only be successful by taking account of the context in which they were made, and the several motives that might lead to the expression of illegitimate opinions. The basis of the xenophobic discourse recorded in the survey is unquestionably the dichotomy us/them. From it flows spatial references (the marking of territory) and temporal ones (the Golden Age and The Fall). (In many ways, the situation is identical to that analysed by Norbert Elias and John Scotson in The Established and the Outsiders, although one difference is that ‘the established’ in ‘the 4000’ don't have real ‘group charisma’: they have at present neither a strong communal life nor social cohesion.) The central paradigm of the xenophobic discourse seems to be hospitality, which implies, by definition, the granting of space, the playing of host to a foreigner in one's own space, rather than allowing the foreigner a place of his or her own. With the continuing settlement of immigrants in France, this is a paradigm that will have to change.     

我国省域装备制造业的空间计量经济分析

基于2005-2007年中国省域装备制造业的面板数据,运用空间计量经济学方法,对中国省域装备制造业相互作用机理进行了分析。结果发现:我国省域装备制造业在空间上相互依赖,装备制造业工业增加值不仅受当地装备制造业发展状况的影响,同时也受相邻省域装备制造业发展状况的影响,技术创新和外贸出口对我国装备制造业的工业增加值的增长有显著的促进作用。     

由法律的理性与历史性考察看法学的思考方式

法律既包含理性要素,也包含一个时间(历史)要素。每一个具体的实在法都必然经历一个物理的时间过程。在这个过程中,实在法不断在生成、发展、变更或消灭,同时法律的理性也随之展现出形态差异的面貌。只有在历史演进的过程中,我们才会逐渐获得有关法律之理性的较为完整清晰的图景。