21世纪高校教师素质培养的指导方针--学习江总书记在中国人民大学"4.28"讲话

2002年4月28日下午,中共中央总书记江泽民考察中国人民大学,与师生座谈时发表了重要讲话.江总书记讲话中对我国广大哲学社会科学工作者提出的五点希望,阐述21世纪高校教师应具备的素质,广大高校教师要以"讲话"为座右铭,齐学共勉,与时俱进,做一个称职的21世纪的高校教师.     

正确运用唯物辩证法的光辉典范--学习江泽民同志"七一"重要讲话

江泽民在庆祝建党八十周年大会上的讲话,始终贯穿着唯物辩证法的认识论和方法论:通过辩证分析建党前后两个八十年的历史,揭示了党的历史使命和历史地位、党赖以生存和发展的基础、党永远站在时代前列的根本在于始终实践"三个代表";运用唯物辩证法原理对"三个代表"内涵作科学阐述.     

执政如何为民

贯彻“三个代表” 的要求,本质在于执政为民,这是马克思主义政党的一贯准则,是现代政治文明的集中体现,是民主政治建设的必然要求。为此,我们还有许多工作要做。     

新世纪初做好我国宗教工作的纲领性文献——学习江泽民在全国宗教工作会议上讲话的体会

江泽民在全国宗教工作会议上的重要讲话,系统地总结了1990年全国宗教工作会议以来宗教工作的丰富经验;深刻论证了党中央第三代领导集体对马克思主义宗教观的新的发展;全面阐述了我国宗教工作一系列方针、政策和面临的新形势及基本任务."讲话"是指导我们做好新世纪初我国宗教工作的纲领性文献.     

文学话语与意义承诺

在现代语言学的意义上 ,作为人的言语行为的文学 ,其意义的生成和解释建立在写与读的话语对话基础上。在文学的话语对话中 ,言语行为还可能转化为意义解释基础上的言效行为。在社会文化分层的意义上 ,2 0世纪 80年代以来 ,文学中的所谓“主流”、“先锋”、“大众”三种文学样态即具有话语承诺的明显特征 ,并分别显示出替他人承诺、自我承诺和消费性承诺的基本形态。     

Voicing concerns: The balance between data protection principles and research developments in forensic speech science

The status of forensic speech recordings among existing data protection guidance is not clear. The inherent nature of voice and the way in which forensic speech casework is currently allocated mean that there are additional barriers to incorporating real casework data into research activities. The key objective of this work is to explore data protection solutions that could enable the forensic speech science community to responsibly use real casework data for research and development purposes. While reviewing relevant guidance and rulings, issues such as proportionality, opportunism and data minimisation are addressed, as well as where voice sits in relation to the definition of “biometric data”. This paper ultimately places forensic speech recordings in the data protection context to illuminate the specific issues that arise for this data type.     

必须有叙述者，抑或必要时才有叙述者

（至少）就文学叙事而言,我建议用下述方式来理解“叙述者”：一个内在于文本的语言位置,正在进行的叙述话语作为一个整体出现在这个位置上,话语所涉及的存在物、行动和事件也在这个位置上被标记出来。通过转喻转移和人格化的双重过程,“叙述者”这个术语被用来指代在这个位置上的假定占据者、叙述话语的假定生产者。叙述者是一个通过语言标记的、文本投射的、读者辨别的位置,这个位置上的占据者需主要从交际角色来看待,它不同于真实世界中有血有肉的（或计算机的）文本生产者。本文简要描述了八个不同的一般因素（语言学的,哲学的,方法论的和一般文学理论的）,这些因素能够促使叙事学家判断叙述者在其文学叙事的一般模式中是不可或缺的一个种类/实例,还只是一个可选元素。在文章结尾,本文论述了近期两个试图规避这个选择的理论行动：重新描绘叙事学家的研究对象范畴或重新界定叙述者概念自身的地位。     

Deadly Words: State Power and the Entanglement of Speech and Violence in Hate Crime

Any analysis of hate crime that attempts to separate speech from action, language from violence, faces epistemological difficulties that limit the range of conversations about laws responding to identity-based injury in the United States. Active debates have raged over the implications of bias crime sentence enhancement laws for the protection of ‘freespeech’, thus addressing the inextricability of language and meaning from hate crime. Those in favor of legal responses to identity-based injury tend toward essentialist claims which assume the stability of identity and of meanings inherent in words or actions. Those opposed assert the impossibility of codifying the meaning of words or actions in the law, and/or they worry about the reification of (victimized) identities accompanying bias crime statutes. This article argues that the focus on language and speech in these debates simultaneously enables an evasion of discussion about the law's response to bias-related violence, and misleadingly assumes too much stability in the functions of law and the nature of state power. Interviews conducted by the author with individuals involved in a 1992 racist hate crime are used to show the diverse elements of state power suffusing the incident and its aftermath. An analysis of the crime's investigation and prosecution under a Maryland hate crime statute suggests that law enforcement officers are primarily using hate crime laws as public relations tools in a fight against community perceptions that they are themselves bigots. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

关于工会当前需要认真研究的几个问题

坚持以江泽民同志“七一”重要讲话精神为指导 ,认真研究工会工作中需要解决的理论和现实问题 ,是新形势新任务对工会组织提出的客观要求 ,也是工会履行好维护职工合法权益基本职责的迫切需要。学习贯彻“七一”讲话精神 ,一要认真研究和解决工会履行基本职责需要解决的一系列理论与实际问题 ;二要结合实际 ,深化对社会主义社会劳动和劳动价值理论的研究和认识 ;三要认真研究职工队伍结构的变化 ;四要研究经济全球化条件下的工会工作 ,以使工会在各项工作中开拓创新 ,在党和国家工作大局中发挥更大的作用。     

Evaluation of the NITV CVSA

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a commonly used voice stress analyzer, the National Institute of Truth Verification's (NITV) Computer Voice Stress Analyzer (CVSA), using a speech database containing materials recorded (i) in the laboratory, while highly controlled deceptive and shock-induced stress levels were systematically varied, and (ii) during a field procedure. Subjects were 24 each males/females (age range 18-63 years) drawn from a representative population. All held strong views on an issue and were required to make sharply derogatory statements about it. The CVSA system was then evaluated in a double-blind study using three sets of examiners: (i) two UF scientists trained/certified by NITV in CVSA operation, (ii) three experienced NITV operators provided by the manufacturer and (iii) five experimental phoneticians. The results showed that the "true positive" (or hit) rates for all examiners ranged from chance to somewhat higher levels (c. 50-65%) for all conditions and types of materials (e.g., stress vs. unstressed, truth vs. deception). However, the false-positive rate was just as high - often higher. Sensitivity statistics demonstrated that the CVSA system operated at about chance level.