科研激励辩证观

强化科研激励,有利于提高教师的地位与待遇,有助于促进教研人员潜心开展研究,有益于实现多出精品、多出人才的目标。在强化科研激励的过程中,应当正确认识与妥善处理好若干辩证关系:克服官本位意识与尊师重教的关系,物质追求与精神追求的关系,增加经费投入与营造学术氛围的关系,提高主体觉悟与加强制度建设的关系,强化正向奖励与实施负面惩处的关系,重视教学与重视科研的关系。     

企业文化要融入企业员工共有精神家园的构建之中

构建企业员工共有精神家园是和谐企业建设的重要内容。要将企业文化融入构建企业员工共有精神家园的全过程。要从精神文化、行为文化和管理文化的建设入手,丰富企业员工共有精神家园的内涵。     

中心城区文明社区建设浅析

文明社区建设在现代中心城区中的重要地位日益被人们所认同.无论从理论方面,还是从实际方面,文明社区建设都将深化对精神文明建设重要性的认识.要积极构建以街道办事处为依托、以相关职能部门为纵轴、以各公共户单位为网络、以辖区群众为纽结的文明社区建设的框架体系,探索权责保障、活动运行、目标考核、舆论引导等文明社区建设的运作机制.     

道德进步是社会和谐的重要精神基础

构建和谐社会,不仅是一个社会的政治使命,同时也是道德建设的目标和任务。在我国社会转型阶段,现代社会生活价值取向的多样性对和谐社会建设和道德进步提出了全新要求。道德的进步,必须为构建和谐社会创立伦理规范。道德冲突的消解和转化,必然为社会和谐奠定精神基础。     

合力建设农民工的精神家园

目前,农民工的物质利益,已得到各级政府的普遍重视和关注。相比之下,对农民工精神文化需求的关注,则显得有些不足。今后应动员各界力量,加大对农民工文化生活方面的投入,努力建设好农民工的精神家园。     

中国人的精神生态之简析——儒心、道心与佛心

精神是人的重要存在形态,本质上是生态的存在。生态以有机关联、共生互动、辩证发展等为主要原则,是事物的普遍存在形式。精神生态是个人及其民族的本真存在,能典型地再现个人及其民族的特质。儒心、道心与佛心共同构成中国人的精神生态,三者作为生态因子的辩证互动,是“德”与“得’’矛盾的展开、发展和解决。作为安身立命的精神基地、生存发展的动力系统,儒心-道心-佛心的精神生态为中国人的生存、中华民族的进化,发挥着重要作用。     

论廉洁文化在社会主义核心价值体系建设中的作用

廉洁文化是一种具有多重价值的复合型精神文化。在社会主义市场经济条件下,廉洁文化是社会主义核心价值体系的重要内容。作为一种政治伦理文化,廉洁文化为社会主义核心价值体系建设提供政治伦理支撑。作为一种道德诚信文化,廉洁文化为社会主义核心价值体系建设奠定道德诚信基础。作为一种社会价值文化,廉洁文化为社会主义核心价值体系建设提供积极价值牵引。最大限度地发挥廉洁文化在社会主义核心价值体系建设中的精神效能,是增强中国特色社会主义主流意识形态吸引力和感召力的客观要求。     

Policy Tool Interactions and the Adoption of State Renewable Portfolio Standards

We contribute to extant policy theory by focusing on interrelationships between existing policies and innovation. In particular, we call attention to the link between supply‐side incentives and demand‐side innovation, which has not been systematically investigated. Our research expectation is that supply‐side policies generally will complement demand‐side policy, leading to a positive impact on the adoption of demand‐side innovations. We test this idea by examining adoptions of renewable portfolio standards (RPS), a demand‐pull approach targeted to renewable energy generation by utilities, in the American states from 1991 to 2008. Event history models show that an index of supply‐side financial incentives has a strong positive influence on RPS adoption. We do not find support for the hypothesis that this effect is contingent on in‐state carbon‐based energy generation. In conclusion, we argue that the study of policy adoption needs to give greater consideration to the interrelationships among policy instruments.     

Patent litigation insurance and R&D incentives

A major policy concern regarding patenting activity is related to the actual enforceability of the patents granted by Patent Offices. The risk of facing elevated legal costs to defend patent rights can affect ex-ante incentives to invest in R&D. This paper analyses whether the availability of insurance policies that cover legal expenditures for patent litigation could increase the appropriability of the innovation. We model a situation in which an incumbent innovator is endowed with a valid patent and an entrant imitator can either directly enter the market or try to apply for a patent, hoping that an error will be made by the Patent Office. The incumbent can accommodate the entrant, file a suit to a civil court or offer a settlement agreement. We model the presence of heterogeneity in the risk that the patents will face an error by both patent examiners at Patent Offices and judges at civil court. We analyse the changes in expected profits for the innovator when given the possibility of buying an insurance policy which will cover legal costs in the event of trial. We compare the cases in which (i) coverage is voluntary and the insurer can discriminate perfectly between risky patents; (ii) coverage is voluntary and the insurer cannot discriminate between patents, and (iii) coverage is compulsory. The model highlights a set of peculiar strategic characteristics of insurance for legal expenditures which contribute to singling out the reasons underlying the underdevelopment of this market. We suggest that the crucial reason for such a failure is not adverse selection; consequently, we challenge the benefits of making coverage compulsory.     

浅析江泽民的社会主义精神富裕理论

精神富裕是社会主义现代化建设的重要目标,在社会主义社会中占据着十分重要的地位。江泽民阐述了社会主义精神富裕理论在社会主义社会中的地位,指明了实现社会主义精神富裕的途径。