贿赂犯罪的权力分析

贿赂犯罪作为一种以权谋利的犯罪类型,与国家权力系统的构建、分配、行使和制约密切相关。其关联体现在:权力社会化为贿赂犯罪的生存提供了社会基础;权力异化是贿赂犯罪生成的根本原因;权力滥用是贿赂犯罪目的的实现手段。要从根本上预防和控制贿赂犯罪,必须加强权力制约,防止权力异化和滥用,这就需要构建系统的以权制权、以法治权、以舆监权的机制。     

Behavior Problems in Sexually Abused Children of Depressed Versus Nondepressed Mothers

Children's psychological adjustment following stressors, such as sexual abuse, is impacted by environmental variables. One such factor is parental support, which can be hampered when a caregiver suffers from psychopathology. The purpose of this study was to determine whether maternal depression would impact the children's adjustment to sexual abuse. It was hypothesized that depressed mothers would report more behavior difficulties for their sexually abused children than nondepressed mothers. Participants were 58 children (and their mothers) who were referred for trauma symptoms related to sexual abuse. Mothers completed the Beck Depression Inventory as a measure of their depression and rated their children's behaviors on the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist. The children completed the Children's Depression Inventory and the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. Results revealed that depressed mothers reported more conduct problems, inattention/immaturity, and psychotic behavior than nondepressed mothers. Differences were not observed for mothers' report of depressive or anxious behaviors across groups. The children of depressed mothers reported increased levels of depression, but not anxiety, when compared to children of nondepressed mothers. Although both groups of mothers reported symptoms to be clinically significant, the children did not endorse their symptoms in clinically significant ranges.     

Review: Pharmacokinetics of illicit drugs in oral fluid

This article reviews studies that have measured drug concentrations in oral fluid following controlled dosing regimens. A total of 23 studies have been identified over the last 15 years. These show that the amphetamines including designer amphetamines, cocaine, cannabis and cocaine are quickly found in oral fluid following dosing and usually have similar time-courses to that in plasma. Following common doses peak oral fluid concentrations exceed 0.1 μg/mL and often even 1 μg/mL. The drug concentration will depend on whether a dilution step occurs with buffer as part of the sampling procedure. The uses of collectors that stimulate oral fluid usually reduce the drug concentration compared to a non-stimulated manner. This reduction will not disadvantage the recipient since it will potentially reduce the detectablity of drug in oral fluid compared to non-stimulated collections. Only one recent study has been reported for a benzodiazepine. This showed nanogram per milliliter concentrations for flunitrazepam. More studies are required for benzodiazepines and indeed for other drugs, particularly in multiple drug situations and where disease may affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs.     

Project SafeCare: Improving Health, Safety, and Parenting Skills in Families Reported for, and At-Risk for Child Maltreatment

Project SafeCare was a 4-year, in-home, research and intervention program that provided parent training to families of children at-risk for maltreatment, and families of children who were victims of maltreatment. Parents were trained in treating children's illnesses and maximizing their own health-care skills (Health), positive and effective parent–child interaction skills (Parenting), and maintaining low hazard homes (Safety). The effectiveness of these training components was evaluated as the change in the parents' scores on roleplay situations for child health problems, hazards present in the home, and the frequency and quality of parent–child interactions during activities of daily living. Statistically significant improvements were seen in child health care, home safety, and parent–child interactions.     

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome mimicking child abuse by burning

Child abuse by burning comprises 6–20% of all child abuse cases, but misdiagnosis may arise in cases of some medical conditions. We present two cases of suspected inflicted burns, later diagnosed as staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS).     

相邻防险关系之再思考

文章从安装防护栏、人们对法院判决的不同反映这一社会现象出发 ,结合我国法律现状 ,并借鉴了德法日等国相关法律规定及理论 ,对防护栏安装者应否负责、责任构成要件、责任形式等问题作了简要探讨。以期引起大家对此问题的进一步关注。     

遏制行政自由裁量权滥用的对策探讨

依法行政是法治国家的重要标志,建设法治国家,实现依法行政,就必须对行政自由裁量权进行合理地控制,从完善行政立法、加强行政执法队伍建设、培养和提高民众的法治意识、加强行政监督、分离行政权与经济权等方面,遏制行政权力的异化和行政行为人的腐败,从而维护相对人的合法权益。     

滥用职权罪立法比较与借鉴

世界各个国家和地区都注重通过立法加强对滥用职权行为的惩治。我国滥用职权罪条文设计不合理 ,罪状不明确 ,主体范围过窄 ,刑罚设立不科学。应及时修改立法 ,将滥用职权罪与玩忽职守罪分列 ,明确其特征 ,扩大其主体范围 ,提高其法定刑。     

股东派生诉讼提起权滥用防止研究——兼评2005年《公司法》的相关规定

与其他任何制度一样,股东派生诉讼提起权也是一柄双刃剑。正当行使,可以保护小股东利益;若被滥用则会影响公司正常运营。由于其具有忽视公司独立人格和否定资本多数决原则的特殊性,故对滥用派生诉讼提起权的防止措施的规定便成为各国立法的重点。我国公司法也应对此有所反应,以充分发挥其平衡各方当事人利益的功能。