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排序方式: 共有296条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
This exploratory study examined juvenile drug courts’ effect on adulthood recidivism. Utilizing a twelve-year average follow up time, adult recidivism rates were compared between previous juvenile drug court participants and a comparison group of juveniles who participated in traditional probation. Linear regression models indicated limited recidivism effects of drug court on arrests or convictions into adulthood. The findings suggest that gender and race may play a role in how justice-involved juveniles interact and experience juvenile drug court, highlighting the need for gender-responsive and culturally responsive policies, practices, and programs within juvenile drug courts. Recommendations are made regarding future research areas and ways to potentially improve long-term juvenile drug court outcomes. 相似文献
72.
Bradford W. Reyns 《Victims & Offenders》2019,14(2):183-198
The author provides one of the first empirical examinations of cyberstalking perpetration. The extent and nature of cyberstalking are investigated using a sample of college students from a large university in the Midwest. The results indicate that cyberstalking was perpetrated by 4.9% of research participants. In addition, the findings suggest that persons with low self-control are significantly more likely than their peers to perpetrate cyberstalking. Those who participated in sexting were also more likely to engage in cyberstalking. However, these variable effects differed by sex. In particular, women with low self-control were at higher risk of perpetrating cyberstalking, while low self-control did not affect offending risk for men. These results speak to the potentially gendered nature of cyberstalking, while at the same time finding that the prevalence of offending was essentially the same for men and women. 相似文献
73.
William R. Smith 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》1996,12(1):83-111
Several measures of association and accuracy commonly used in the recidivism literature are examined for their sensitivity
to variations in the proportion observed to recidivate (the base rate) and in the proportion selected for classification as
recidivists (selection ratio). Logistic regression models are employed on a sample of 11,749 convicted offenders to generate
predicted probabilities of four recidivism criteria varying in base rates from 0.06 to 0.48. Cutoff point selections from
0.1 to 0.9 show the effects of cutoff point changes on the following commonly used measures of association and accuracy: RIOC
(relative improvement over chance), MCR (mean cost rating), Φ, γ, PRE (proportion reduction in error), and percentage correct.
While all these statistics vary across base rate and cutoff points, some vary more than others: RIOC varies across cutoff
points more than MCR, MCR more than Φ, and Φ more than γ. Researchers comparing such statistics across studies need be wary
of the dangers of ignoring such variation. 相似文献
74.
MacKenzie RD Mullen PE Ogloff JR McEwan TE James DV 《Journal of forensic sciences》2008,53(6):1443-1449
Attachment theory is one of the earliest and most vigorously promoted explanations of the psychological processes that underlie stalking behavior. Insecure attachment has been proposed as impairing the management of relationships, thus increasing the propensity to stalk. The current study explored the parental bonding and adult attachment styles of 122 stalkers referred to a specialist forensic clinic. Stalkers were grouped according to two common classification methods: relationship and motivation. Compared to general community samples, stalkers were more likely to remember their parents as emotionally neglectful and have insecure adult attachment styles, with the degree of divergence varying according to stalker type and mode of classification. In offering support for the theoretical proposition that stalking evolves from pathological attachment, these findings highlight the need to consider attachment in the assessment and management of stalkers. Also emphasized is the importance of taking classification methods into account when interpreting and evaluating stalking research. 相似文献
75.
Differentiating between physically violent and nonviolent stalkers: an examination of Canadian cases
Morrison KA 《Journal of forensic sciences》2008,53(3):742-751
This study is one of a few that empirically investigated factors that differentiated the physically violent stalker from the nonviolent stalker. Using discriminant analysis, 103 Canadian cases of "simple obsessional" stalking were examined. Overall, the success of the model for classifying cases into one of two groups was 81%. Results revealed that the physically violent stalker is more likely to: (a) have a stronger previous emotional attachment toward their victim; (b) be more highly fixated/obsessed with their victim; (c) have a higher degree of perceived negative affect towards their victim; (d) engage in more verbal threats toward the victim; and (e) have a history of battering/domestic abuse towards the victim. Overall, the variables that best differentiate the physically violent stalker from the nonviolent one appear to characterize underlying themes of anger, vengeance, emotional arousal, humiliation, projection of blame, and insecure attachment pathology. 相似文献
76.
Jennifer Hankel Kyria Brown Susan Dewey Caroline McKinnon 《Women & Criminal Justice》2019,29(2):98-111
This investigation establishes a baseline understanding of how women exiting the sex industry understand the economic options available to them by reviewing their work experiences in the legal economy, histories of sex industry involvement, and their aspirations for legal work upon entering a yearlong residential program offered at a transitional housing facility. Specifically, it explores how prior work experience, type of sex industry involvement, and demographic characteristics such as race and age intersect with women’s legal work aspirations upon leaving the sex industry. Analysis indicates that women’s occupational choices are limited by prior experiences within the formal and informal economies and that women of color and poor women of all ethno-racial backgrounds are particularly likely to face disadvantages in both economic sectors. Findings accordingly indicate that rehabilitative settings must consider whether the career pathways they create lead to economic self-sufficiency and reduce the likelihood that women will return to life situations they express a desire to leave. 相似文献
77.
78.
Background: This study investigates experiences of stalking among members of the Norwegian Parliament and compared them to findings of a Norwegian population sample. Material and methods: In autumn 2012, all 169 members of Parliament (MPs) got a questionnaire with a general section ending with screening for stalking experiences. In case of positive screening, the MPs should give more details on their experiences. The population sample responded to a more extensive version of the same questionnaire. Results: The response rate was 59%, but only 95 MPs delivered valid questionnaires. The MPs reported higher prevalence rates of current stalking than the population sample. Previous stalking rates were higher among population. The MPs had less direct contact with stalkers and used more non-contact coping styles compared to the population. Conclusion: MPs experienced more current stalking than the population sample; otherwise, the picture of stalking of MPs was more nuanced than previously reported. 相似文献
79.
80.
李晶 《山西警官高等专科学校学报》2004,12(1):36-38
新刑法虽然规定了单位犯罪及其处罚的一般原则 ,但并没有设置单位累犯制度 ,文章认为有必要创设单位累犯制度 ,并就单位累犯的三个构成条件及单位累犯制度的一些特殊之处进行了探讨。 相似文献