论防御式股份回购的自由与管制之度——以美国法规制为中心展开

在美国,防御式股份回购是目标公司董事会采用的抵制敌意收购的惯用措施之一,目标公司采用防御式股份回购的方法有公开市场回购、自我要约收购以及绿邮回购。本文通过对此三种防御式股份回购的判例法与成文法之评析,指出美国对防御式股份回购的法律规制过于自由,应予以适当管制。反观我国立法,应对目标公司管理者的防御式股份回购进行限制,但不能一概禁止。以法律有效规范为前提,可允许目标公司采取自我要约收购方式回购股份,而应禁止采用防御式公开市场回购和绿邮回购。     

证券市场推动产业成长的机理分析

证券市场与产业成长的关系在金融理论中没有受到足够的重视.事实上,由于证券市场具有的资本集中和资源优化的功能,客观上能够起到推动产业成长的作用.证券市场与产业成长存在相互促进的内在规律,在产业成长的不同阶段,证券市场可以适应不同的产业成长规模、资金需求结构和需求方式对产业结构的要求.     

Housing prices and wealth inequality in Western Europe

Abstract

Comparative political economy (CPE) has robustly examined the political and institutional determinants of income inequality. However, the study of wealth, which is more unequally distributed than income, has been largely understudied within CPE. Using new data from the World Income Database (WID), this article examines how economic, political and institutional dynamics shape wealth-to-income ratios within Western European and OECD countries. It is found that the political and institutional determinants that affect income inequality have no short- or long-run effects on the wealth-to-income ratio. Rather, the rise in wealth-to-income ratios is driven by rising housing prices, as well as price changes in other financial assets, not home ownership or national saving rates. The article concludes by examining how the changing dynamics of housing prices and wealth inequality will increasingly shape intergenerational – and associated class-based – political conflict in Western Europe.     

Reply to ‘The politics of evidence: a response to Rulli and D'Odorico’

ABSTRACT

Indicators of carbon storage in forests and other land uses have gained much prominence to evaluate and endorse land-based climate change mitigation policies. The outcomes of such assessments can have direct livelihood implications for dwellers living at the forest–agriculture frontier, such as shifting cultivators or subsistence farmers. This contribution critically discusses the methodological relevance of carbon stock indicators to assess long-term emission dynamics of land uses, and furthermore addresses the ‘politics of measurement’ that can be involved in policy practice. From a complex socio-ecological systems perspective, the paper argues that carbon stock indicators provide necessary but not sufficient information to endorse land use policies with mitigation aims. While they may indicate one-off sequestration gains through vegetation and land-use change, they cannot account for permanent hidden emissions that emerge as part of the broader agrarian transitions that accompany land-use change. Over the long term, this may render related mitigation interventions ineffective, if not counterproductive. Furthermore, carbon stock estimates for future land-use scenarios sometimes draw on biased assumptions, or are constructed within histories of discrimination, through which they may further marginalize subaltern groups such as shifting cultivators. A paradigm shift is needed that includes more integrative assessment approaches.     

Short run and long run effects of the world crude oil prices on the Malaysian natural rubber and palm oil export prices

With regard to the increasing in world crude oil prices, it is time to examine more carefully the claim that the increase in world crude oil prices tends to increase commodity prices. Hence, we examine the major commodity prices in Malaysia namely palm oil prices and natural rubber prices. We will analyse the relationship of both commodities＇ prices with world crude oil prices using the autoregressive distribution lag （ARDL） approach. Besides the analysis of bound testing approaches to see the level of relationships, short run and long run effects also are carried out in order to investigate which period has been significantly effected by the increase of world crude oil prices. The result reveals that long run relationship between world crude oil prices and both commodities prices exists.     

我国高房价的成因与控制对策

目前,我国高房价已对经济的发展和社会的稳定造成影响,同时,高房价也造成了房价与收入比偏高、房地产空置率过高和房价租金比增大等问题。文章认为,高房价的原因是多方面的,应当从多角度着手来采取措施。当务之急解决高房价的问题应从两个方面着手：一是宏观调控房地产市场,防止房地产出现过多泡沫;二是加大经济适用房与廉租房建设,解决中低收入家庭的居住问题。为此,政府应出台相应的政策约束房地产商的行为,宏观调控、科学决策、正确引导．确保房地产稳定发展。     

上市公司股份回购法律问题略探

股份回购具有不可低估的经济功能.目前我国上市公司的股份回购仅限于减少资本和公司合并两种情形,极大地压缩了公司资本运营的空间,不利于公司的长远发展.将来的股份回购立法应以公司自治为主,着重强化其经济功能,适当放宽其适用范围的限制,进一步完善相关法律制度.     

库藏股制度的法律分析

股份回购虽然在我国法律中还没有详细规定但在实际生活中已经愈演愈烈.如何解决这一现象带来的诸多问题,仿照国外设立库藏股制度成了大势所趋.文章从库藏股制度本身研究我国法律设立该制度应考虑的一些前瞻性问题.     

国有企业高管产权激励的法律规制

国有企业治理问题一直是国有企业改革中的重心问题,而国有企业治理的关键则取决于国有企业高管的约束与激励。为应对市场压力,以往对国企高管的约束已逐渐淡化。为避免其道德风险,必须加强对其的激励。传统激励机制的弊端严重阻碍了高管经营效率的提高,为此必须拓展产权激励模式,并对其加以法律规范。     

股权转让优先权的适用及其限制

有限责任公司的特征引发了所有权和股权优先权的博弈,不能纵容所有权的恣意,也不能夸大股权优先权的无限制适用。股权优先权依托公司章程、诚实信用原则、私法公法化等制度和理念而存在。股权优先权的适用范围和所受到的限制也必然要依照上述理念的指引而得到正确确认。