The effects of four different solvent vapours on the restoration of obliterated stamp markings from five different wooden surfaces

The stamp markings on wooden surfaces, which are placed on trees and products including antiques, indicate the status of trees and involve identifying data regarding the products. Such markings are obliterated either to facilitate illegal logging or to conceal product information. Despite the wide literature on the restoration of obliterated characters on metal and polymer surfaces, the recovery of defaced characters on wooden surfaces appears to be understudied. Several reference texts in the forensic marks’ examination literature suggest that water, water vapor, and alkaline solutions are useful in restoring the abraded markings on the wood. Since there does not seem to be any experimental study proving such success, this study aimed to fill this gap. This study conducted experimental research by using water, ethanol, ammonia, and chloroform to recover the scraped characters on samples obtained from walnut, beech, spruce, oak, and cedar trees. The cold-stamped characters, which were defaced at varying depths, were restored using vapor and liquid phases of four solvents. While the vapor phases of water, ethanol, and ammonia yielded good outcomes on all types of wooden surfaces, the liquid phases did not seem to be useful in the revisualization process. The response of the vapors, which varied between 62 and 220 s, depended on the type of wood. The restoration technique developed in this research offers the possibility of on-site usage, easy application, utilization of low-cost solvents, rapid recovery, and effectiveness on various wooden surfaces. Overall, the restoration methodology used in this research appears to be fruitful in retrieving identifying information on wooden samples.     

河车大造胶囊质量标准研究

目的：制订河车大造胶囊的质量标准。方法：用薄层色谱法鉴别紫河车；用薄层扫描法测定盐酸小檗碱的含量。结果：薄层色谱法能检出紫河车斑点，而阴性对照无干扰；盐酸小檗碱在０．４２４～２．１２０μｇ范围内有良好的线性关系，平均回收率为９８．９５％，ＲＳＤ为２．４０％（ｎ＝５）。结论：本法可用大河车大造胶囊的质量鉴别。     

葛根芩连口服液质量标准研究

目的：提供葛根芩连口服液质量控制标准。方法：建立了采用同一块薄层板、同一种展开剂同时鉴定葛根、黄芩、黄连三味药的薄层色谱定性方法；并采用薄层色谱扫描法对葛根素进行定量。结果：经方法学考察，葛要素在０．５￣３．０μｇ范围内线性关系良好，平均回收率９７．０１％。结论：定性鉴别简便快速，专属性强；定量分析准确、重现性好，可全面控制葛根芩连口服液的质量。