What can deliberative mini-publics contribute to democratic systems?

Can deliberative mini-publics contribute to deepening the democratic dimensions of electoral democracies? The question is framed in this article using a problem-based approach to democratic theory–to count as democratic, political systems must accomplish three basic functions related to inclusion, communication and deliberation, and decision making. This approach is elaborated with an analysis of a real-world case: a deliberative mini-public with a citizens’ assembly design, focused on urban planning convened in Vancouver, Canada. This example was chosen because the context was one in which the city's legacy institutions of representative democracy had significant democratic deficits in all three areas, and the mini-public was a direct response to these deficits. It was found that Vancouver's deliberative mini-public helped policy makers, activists and affected residents move a stalemated planning process forward, and did do so in ways that improved the democratic performance of the political system. Depending on when and how they are sequenced into democratic processes, deliberative mini-publics can supplement existing legacy institutions and practices to deepen their democratic performance.     

海警重大安保行动保障问题研究

随着海警遂行海上重大安保任务的增加,对安保行动保障勤务的要求越来越高。现今,海警对重大安保行动保障的研究还处于起步阶段。研究海警重大安保行动保障勤务的意义和特点,分析重大安保行动保障勤务存在的问题,提出相应解决的对策,具有十分重要的意义。     

REEVALUATING WHERE WE STAND: A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY OF AMERICA'S FAMILY JUSTICE SYSTEMS

The call for court reform remains critical in the face of the growing complexity of burgeoning family law cases nationwide. Many states have restructured their court systems using the unified family court model, resolving legal, personal, emotional, and social disputes with the aim of improving the well‐being of families and children. Other states utilize the traditional approach, resulting in cases being handled in a fragmented, time‐consuming and expensive manner. In this article, Professor Barbara A. Babb presents the results of her nationwide survey regarding how each state handles family law matters. The survey is a follow‐up to her comprehensive 1998 survey and her 2002 survey update. The results of the recent analysis reveal that a total of thirty‐eight states now have either statewide family courts, family courts in selected areas of the state, or pilot or planned family courts, representing seventy‐five percent of states. The number of states without a specialized or separate system to handle family law matters has decreased from seventeen states in 1998 to thirteen in 2006. These changes are significant when one considers the complexities involved in court reform. The need for court reform remains an urgent one, as family law cases occupy a significant percentage of court dockets across the country. Families and children deserve a court system where justice is effective and efficient and where their legal, personal, emotional, and social needs are resolved in a therapeutic and holistic manner.     

金融支持战略性新兴产业发展的现状及途径探索

金融作为现代经济发展的核心,在战略性新兴产业的培育、发展与升级过程中起着基础性的核心支持作用。发达的金融体系和良好的金融环境是战略性新兴产业快速成长的重要保障。该文认为,大力发展战略性新兴产业,必须有效破解融资困境,实现战略性新兴产业与金融发展的良性互动,并建立和完善战略性新兴产业发展的金融支持体系,加快战略性新兴产业与金融融合的步伐,施行必要的金融支持政策。     

Scenario study of biometric systems at borders

This paper examines and compares the existing privacy instruments of VIS and US-VISIT systems in addressing the specific legal issues and challenging the privacy-invasive behaviour in the world of biometrics. A biometric scenario is presented to give a vision of a future society in 5 years from now when biometric technology is more widely used. The objective here is to open up the scope of considering the potential legal risks of the use of biometrics, based upon the present passport and visa application plans in the EU and USA.     

Not much happened: The impact of gender quotas in Poland

Poland maintained its open-list PR system but introduced gender quotas in the 2011 parliamentary elections in order to increase the number of women deputies. Yet this change had only a limited impact on women's representation. The 2011 election confirms that ‘favorable’ electoral laws provide opportunities for women, but they cannot guarantee that women will be elected. In particular, the use of quotas alone is not sufficient to ensure high levels of women's representation. The most important factors in explaining the Polish result were 1) the absence of a ‘zipper’, a list ordering that alternates men and women candidates, thus ensuring high list-places for women 2) the parties' favoring of men in their list placement 3) the relative size of the political parties and 4) voters' support for list leaders and incumbent deputies. Despite a disappointing outcome, quotas may be seen as beneficial in increasing women's presence and the potential for further evolution of the electoral system.     

论职工董事、监事制度与职工代表大会制度的关系

国有企业改革把职工代表大会制度与职工董事、监事制度内在地联系在一起。这两种制度相互关系的实质是职工董事、监事与职工劳动者的相互关系。在运用这两种制度时 ,可以通过政策中介和制度创新等 ,使其更好地实现职工劳动者和企业出资者的产权权益。     

构建农村社区居家养老模式的法律思考——以海南为例

随着我国人口老年化的加剧,作为人口占多数的农村养老问题也受到更多的关注。由于家庭结构变化,中国家庭4-2-1模式的普遍存在,传统家庭养老面临巨大挑战,新型的农村社区居家养老应运而生。但由于法律建设的不健全,农村社区养老在实践中面临困境。要解决这一问题,就要基于法律的思维,构建完善的农村社区居家养老模式。     

日本中小企业法治建设的特点及其借鉴

二战结束以后 ,日本十分重视中小企业的发展 ,从制度环境、金融财政、社会化服务体系等方面给予了大力支持 ,使其迅速发展。本文针对我国中小企业立法大大滞后于中小企业发展的实际情况 ,借鉴日本立法的经验 ,提出完善我国中小企业立法的建议。     

促进企业技术创新的政策支持研究

企业技术创新能力是区域经济可持续快速发展的重要决定因素,实践证明:政府的宏观政策是促进企业技术创新的有效手段。政府可采用的政策手段包括财税政策、政府采购、信息服务、产学研合作、人才开发、法律法规等。