从网上追逃看贵州省公安信息化建设的应用

随着我国公安信息化建设工作在全国如火如荼地开展,各个信息化网络系统已初见规模。信息化建设在给案件的侦破带来巨大便利的同时,也在悄悄地改变着往日的一些办案模式。就贵州省而言,利用信息研判来进行网上追逃,通过贵州省息烽县公安局的实践,已取得了很大的成果。在总结成功经验的同时,也给我们带了关于贵州省信息化建设用于网上追逃存在问题的一些思考。     

犯罪嫌疑人、被告人诉讼人权与诉讼权利比较研究

基于人的身份 ,犯罪嫌疑人、被告人享有广泛的实体人权 ,基于被嫌疑的身份 ,犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的实体人权将会受到一定的限制或剥夺。为了保障其实体人权免受不正当侵害 ,国际人权法为犯罪嫌疑人、被告人设定了许多诉讼人权 ,与此相应的是 ,我国法律赋予了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人广泛的诉讼权利。但与国际人权法规定相比 ,我国法律规定仍有较大差距 ,有进一步完善之必要。     

试论严禁刑讯逼供的法律完善

刑讯逼供行为不仅严重侵犯犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的人身权利 ,而且严重损害司法机关的威信。刑讯逼供之所以屡禁不止 ,重要的原因就是 :法律的不完善致使一些司法工作人员对刑讯逼供罪的危害性没有引起足够的重视以及犯罪嫌疑人、被告人相应的权利得不到充分的保护。应进一步完善实体法和程序法 ,使司法工作人员增强对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的法律保护意识 ,最终有效遏制刑讯逼供的发生。     

通过完善立法健全未成年人犯罪讯问制度

未成年人是一个特殊的群体,他们的成长和发展得到了社会各界的普遍关注。本文通过对讯问未成年犯罪嫌疑人程序中存在问题的分析,提出了如何解决的几点建议,从而达到通过讯问犯罪嫌疑人,促使其自愿供述案件事实,以查明真相,实现刑事诉讼公正、效率和保障人权的目标。     

论侦查阶段对犯罪嫌疑人权利保障的完善

在现代刑事诉讼中 ,惩罚犯罪和保障人权的双重目的缺一不可。当前我国侦查阶段对犯罪嫌疑人权利保障存在着诸多不足 ,有必要进行探讨使之得以完善。     

追缉战术浅探

对犯罪嫌疑人实施追缉，必须具备两个条件一是踪迹、特征条件，一是时间、空间条件。追缉的形式，则应根据需要与可能，或单路追缉，或多路追缉；或公开追缉，或化装追缉；或接力追缉，或交替追缉。追缉力量必须严格组织，追缉过程中应讲究接敌策略，因案施策。     

An analysis of how the police ‘caution’ is presented to juvenile suspects in England

In England and Wales, suspects must be given a police caution before they are questioned. The purpose of the caution is to explain a suspect's right to silence as a protection against self-incrimination. However, the evidence on whether the caution fulfils its purpose is limited. The aim of the present study was to describe how cautions were delivered in interviews with juvenile suspects in England. First, the study set out to describe how the caution was delivered to suspects during actual police interviews. Second, the study examined whether suspects claimed or demonstrated understanding of the caution. Third, the study analysed how the caution was explained by police officers. In total, the study examined 38 cautions from 31 interviews. The results indicated that police officers delivered the caution at a speed that is likely to be too fast for juvenile suspects to comprehend. Juvenile suspects often claimed to understand the caution, but when asked, failed to demonstrate comprehension. On the other hand, police officers often explained the caution to juvenile suspects, but not always correctly. Both suspects’ and police officers’ explanations of the caution revealed several misconceptions. The results suggest that the caution may not safeguard suspects as intended.     

Eyewitness identification procedures for multiple perpetrator crimes: a survey of police in Sweden,Belgium, and the Netherlands

ABSTRACT

A considerable proportion of crimes involve multiple perpetrators. Yet, little is known about how police officers construct, administer, and record eyewitness identification procedures for multiple suspects. An online survey of law enforcement agents in Sweden, Belgium, and the Netherlands (N?=?51) was conducted to obtain an initial understanding of police perceptions of prevalence and characteristics of multiple perpetrator crimes, and to examine identification procedure practices given the little to no guidance provided for police. Practice converged when it came to the use of sequential, photographic lineups, but diverged between and within countries on whether or not suspects of multiple perpetrator crimes should be placed in separate lineups. Results specifically highlight contextual cuing as one critical area for future research in identification for multiple perpetrator crimes (i.e. placing multiple suspects in the same lineup or asking eyewitnesses to look for a specific suspect).     

Jail inmates’ perspectives on police interrogation

ABSTRACT

Few studies have examined police interrogation strategies from suspects’ perspectives, yet assessing suspects’ views about interviewer approaches could provide important insights regarding confession decision making. The current study is the first American survey to assess a diverse sample of adult jail inmates’ views on police interrogation tactics and approaches. The study explored US jail inmates’ (N?=?418) perspectives about how police should conduct interrogations. Potential dimensionality among 26 survey items pertaining to police tactics was examined using exploratory factor analysis. Group differences according to demographic and criminological variables were also explored. Four factors emerged, conceptualized as Dominance/Control, Humanity/Integrity, Sympathy/Perspective-Taking, and Rapport. Respondents most strongly endorsed Humanity/Integrity and Rapport strategies and were unsupportive of approaches involving Dominance/Control. Gender differences emerged for Dominance/Control and Humanity/Integrity, and Black respondents were more likely to value strategies related to Sympathy/Perspective-Taking. Suspects endorsed interrogation strategies characterized by respect, dignity, voice, and a commitment to the truth; they reported aversions to the false evidence ploy and approaches involving aggression. Overall, results from this incarcerated sample suggest that interviewees may be more responsive to rapport-building, non-adversarial strategies.