Antemortem records of forensic significance among edentulous individuals

The identification of edentulous individuals is problematic due to poor provision of labelled dental prostheses. Dental records may still provide useful information for odontologists in the comparative identification process. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of forensically significant information contained within the dental records of a population of denture wearers attending the University of Manchester School of Dentistry. Two hundred and two dental records were examined and a proforma completed. The mean age of the patients was 72 years. Medical history were absent in 4% of all records and only 67.8% of the written records were rated as good. Thirty-two percent of the records contained one or more panoramic radiographs but 30% of these were over 3 years old rendering their usefulness in identification procedures questionable. In total only 18% of the examined records contained antemortem information that would enable identification. These data suggest that the process of denture marking is an essential in order to ensure that the identification of this population can be undertaken expediently by dental means.     

BETWEEN WAR AND PEACE

正With lessons of history in mind,efforts should be focused on defending peace in As ia and around the world Sixty-nine years ago,on August 15,1945,Japan unconditionally surrendered to the Allies,marking the end of China’s War Against Japanese Aggression and World War II(WWII).With the war ended and peace resumed in Asia,billions of people had the chance to breathe a sigh of relief,recover and rebuild their lives.This included about 70 million Japanese.     

The Symbolic Advantages and Brand Symbolic Models of Zhejiang Enterprises——from the Perspective of Brand Semiotics

As the major business group of China, Zhejiang Enterprises have undergone a marked promotion from tangible products advantages to intangible brand value. The brand resources have become the significant cultural asset for transformation and upgrading. Based on combing the symbolic advantages of Zhejiang Enterprises, this paper studies the symbolic connotation of Zhejiang Enterprises brand in different stages after the reform and opening from the brand semiotic theoretical view. The paper establishes four brand models: A, GB, DB and IB, which will be the important theoretical references for Zhejiang Enterprises in the development of cultural industry, improving the brand symbolic vitality and participating in the competition of the world brands.     

象征性行动与制度实施——以公民申请财政信息公开事件为例

自《政府信息公开条例》实施以来,以政府财政信息为指向的公民申请信息公开行动引起了新闻媒体和社会公众的广泛关注,产生了巨大的社会反响。这些以公民名义提起的象征性行动主要目的是检验《条例》及其规则的效力,向政府及其官员施加信息公开的压力。象征性行动表明了实现信息公开的实质性目标的障碍,体现了公民的行动策略及多元目标诉求,也具有权利表达、厘定政府责任并重构公民与政府之间关系的多重意义。在申请信息公开的过程中,公民成为《条例》的实施者,具有推动信息公开的良好激励,而且公民申请实践也推动了制度的变迁。     

Humanitarian symbolic exchange: extending Responsibility to Protect through individual and local engagement

Moral common sense frames the relationship between privileged and at-risk populations underpinning contemporary Responsibility to Protect (R2P) discourse. This article develops an alternative by considering the relationship between archetypes of would-be rescuers and victims through Jean Baudrillard’s theorisation of symbolic exchange. Baudrillardian analysis connects personal morality and affective intersubjective symbolic exchange with the politics of international order. This leads, first, to an argument that current foundations for advocating R2P risk participating in a problematic moral economy of symbolic exchange between would-be rescuers and victims. Nonetheless, and secondly, the article deploys symbolic exchange to develop suggestions for partially re-figuring R2P’s humanitarian impulse by engaging ‘locally’ – both through one’s self (in the ethical relation suggested by Emmanuel Levinas) and with diverse forms of political order (following Jacques Rancière’s conception of politics). Doing so supports moves to engage a wide array of individual actors in a more interactive and less hierarchical form of R2P, to drive deeper consideration of local complexities of R2P through engagement with diverse local forms of political order, and to develop a more inclusive understanding of ‘humanity’ in order to bolster R2P’s normative foundations.     

The Teaching of Denture Marking Methods in Dental Schools in the United Kingdom and the United States*,†

Abstract: Forensic organizations worldwide have recommended that dental prostheses should be marked with, at a minimum, the patient’s name and preferably with further unique identifiers such as a social security number. The current study aimed to assess the denture marking practice of dental schools within the United States and the United Kingdom. A questionnaire‐based survey was employed to gain both quantitative and qualitative data on the methods, practices, and ethos behind denture marking in 14 U.K. and 32 U.S. dental schools. One hundred percent of U.K. and 87.5% of U.S. schools returned surveys and the results suggest that, for dental schools where there is no legal or legislative need for denture marking, the practice is inconsistently taught and appears to be reliant on internal forces within the school to increase awareness. Among those schools practicing marking, only 18% employ a technique likely to withstand common postmortem assaults; this is a concern.     

Is it all about race? Intergroup threat and perceptions of racial profiling

Relatively few studies have assessed theoretically relevant predictors of individual’s perceptions of racial profiling by law enforcement officers. The current study addresses this limitation by drawing on theoretical frameworks highlighted in the growing body of literature examining disproportionate minority contact (DMC) with the criminal justice system. Specifically, we draw on the racial and symbolic threat perspectives with the objective of identifying theoretically relevant individual and community level predictors of perceptions of racial profiling by public and private police bodies in airports, malls, and on the roads. Results of our analysis of data on White and Black individuals nested within communities support the racial threat perspective in documenting the influence of racial heterogeneity and interracial labor market competition on perceptions of racial profiling. However, in contention to predictions derived from the symbolic threat perspective, the results fail to uncover a link between interracial socioeconomic inequality and perceptions of racial profiling by law enforcement officers. These results highlight the importance of moving beyond individual explanations of profiling and other forms of DMC and suggest community characteristics and perceptions of intergroup threat are particularly salient to understanding perceptions of race-based distinctions in formal social control.     

Governmental Mismanagement and Symbolic Violence: Discourses on Corruption in the Yucatán of the 1990s1

Abstract — Departing from a conceptualisation of corruption as a form of symbolic violence, this article analyses the character and impact of the discourses about corruption which were produced in Yucatán in the beginning of the 1990s. The discourses produced by official and oppositional forces are scrutinised against the background of the federal government's neoliberal policies and the sociopolitical situation in the region during 1992 and 1993. The analysis gives some insights into the character of Mexican's and Yucatecan's experiences with corruption in their own setting. It explores some of the conflictual processes involved when social forces turn this form of symbolic violence into the object of moral critique in public discourses, drawing in this way also attention to how the state is imagined by those who exercise state power and those who are subject to it.     

后现代女性主义视角下的《琐事》

在拉康的象征秩序中,男性是超验的能指,女性扮演的角色是男性主体的"他者"、客体,是从属于男性主体的边缘人物,而边缘的内涵就是被统治、被压抑和被排斥.在《琐事》中,格拉斯贝尔却解构了这种格局,她将女性从男性主体中剥离重建,从被男性中心的意识形态"异化"的状态中解救出来,让女性从一个被动客体转变成具有自我意识的主体,从而颠覆了女性的绝对服从地位,也颠覆了男性的权威.本文拟从后现代女性主义文学批评的视角出发,尝试分析《琐事》中的两性关系和同性关系,揭示格拉斯贝尔对男性神话的消解.