设立商标审查程序的必要性及其意义

近年来,＂达能、娃哈哈商标案＂＂可口可乐并购汇源案＂等案件的发生,说明我国在外资并购中的审查程序仍有完善的空间。并购可以实现企业快速成长,但是其品牌也有被控制的风险。因此,在吸引外资的同时应把风险降到最低,在经营者集中的审查当中,商标审查程序有其存在的必要性和可行性。     

Research on detection techniques for pattern modifications of playing cards used in illegal gambling operations

We investigated pattern-modified marked cards used in fraudulent gambling cases in Korea. These cards are printed with modifications to some of the repeated marks on the back, revealing the hand on the front and enabling fraudsters to deceive their victims. We proposed a method for identifying the modified part by first enhancing the card's color difference using an image processing technique and then calculating the similarity between the repeated basic patterns with a Siamese network. This method is fast and convenient, as it can determine the deformation with only 1 or 2 cards and can be implemented in mobile applications, allowing law enforcement officers to investigate quickly. The proposed method serves as a useful tool to aid document examiners in making judgments, as it does not require expensive equipment and effectively visualizes the alterations.     

Identification of document paper using hybrid feature extraction

Document forgery is a significant issue in Korea, with around ten thousand cases reported every year. Analyzing paper plays a crucial role in examining questionable documents such as marketable securities and contracts, which can aid in solving criminal cases of document forgery. Paper analysis can also provide essential insights in other types of criminal cases, serving as an important clue for solving cases such as the source of a blackmail letter. The papermaking process generates distinct forming fabric marks and formations, which are critical features for paper classification. These characteristics are observable under transmitted light and are created by the forming fabric pattern and the distribution of pulp fibers, respectively. In this study, we propose a novel approach for paper identification based on hybrid features. This method combines texture features extracted from images converted using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) approach and a convolutional neural network (CNN), with another set of features extracted by the CNN using the same images as input. We applied the proposed method to classification tasks for seven major paper brands available in the Korean market, achieving an accuracy of 97.66%. The results confirm the applicability of this method for visually inspecting paper products and demonstrate its potential for assisting in solving criminal cases involving document forgery.     

痕迹检验实验教学现状与对策

痕迹检验课是根据公安实战需要而为刑事侦查专业和刑事科学技术专业等开设的公安业务主干课程,其显著特点是实践性强.文章通过调查研究,对我国各公安院校痕迹检验课实验教学的现状进行了剖析,并从实验教学内容设计、实验教学的教学形式及组织实施等方面,提出了解决问题的对策.     

对笔迹检验中的心理分析

语言的重要属性之一就是它的“心理性”。语言心理性的一个重要特征就是心理因素对语言的制约。文章通过对一份遗书检验过程中出现的差异点,运用心理分析的方法科学、合理解释的过程,揭示出人的言语与心理活动之间必然的内在联系,也为笔迹鉴定认定书写人提供了辅助依据。     

The Effect of pH on Electrolyte Detection of Fingermarks on Cartridge Cases and Subsequent Microscopic Examination

Cartridge cases may contain deposited fingermarks when the firearm was loaded ( http://www.nij.gov/pubs-sum/225320.htm , J Forensic Sci, 53 , 2008 and 812). Cartridge cases can be individualized with microscopic examination. However, heat and friction degrades the deposited fingermark on the fired cartridge cases, if any on the surface. Also, unfired and fired cartridge cases are made of metal, which is a nonporous surface that does not retain fingermarks well ( http://www.nij.gov/pubs-sum/225320.htm ). This study tests the effects of pH level on fingermark clarity on brass fired and unfired cartridge cases and microscopic striation examination (MSE). Two trials were performed to determine the optimal pH in fingermark clarity for both types of cartridges. This was performed through immersion in six pH range solutions from dilutions of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide for 24 h for the purpose of enhancing the fingermarks on the metal. The use of the optimal neutral pH level is suggested because immersion of the cartridge cases in pH 1–3 and 3–5 affects MSE.     

Interventions with women offenders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of mental health gain

Currently, a conjunction of policy, legislative change in health and social care and the criminal justice system, combined with funding for innovative services make it opportune to assess the evidence base for interventions with women offenders. Women offenders have a distinctive criminological, health and social profile and a gender specific approach to their difficulties is advocated. This systematic review and meta-analysis focus on mental health gain in adult women offenders in forensic health settings, criminal justice institutions and in the community, following therapeutic interventions. Interventions were assessed in terms of specific outcome measures of depression, trauma symptomatology and global mental health status. Comprehensive search strategies yielded 3018 articles, from which we obtained 199 full text articles. Seventeen articles were included in the final review, of which six were excluded from the meta-analysis as there was no comparator group. There is a modest, but increasing, body of evidence for the utility of some interventions, notably those addressing the consequences of earlier trauma, including interventions which also address comorbid substance misuse. This does not amount, to date, to a robust evidence base. Limitations of these studies are discussed and include small sample sizes, their restriction mainly to prison populations and that they were substantially undertaken in the US. Variations in outcome measures follow-up and the difficulties inherent in measuring change in this complex population are also detailed. However, the review delineates definite avenues for further work. To achieve this, those responsible for policy, practice and purchase of services should both be mindful of existing evidence and promote additional, high quality research into interventions which are designed around a coherent, theoretical approach.     

我国法学教育与法律职业脱节成因探析

近年来,我国法学教育与法律职业之间脱节所带来的弊病日益凸显。一方面法学专业因就业等问题被教育部连续亮红牌,另一方面却是全国各地特别是西部地区多年来都在闹"法官荒",律师数量严重不足,青年律师的执业环境令人担忧等。探讨造成我国法学教育与法律职业脱节的原因,为法学教育改革、法律职业发展提供帮助。     

高考宪制意义探析

每年一度的高考不仅是高校选拔学生的过程．更是一次国家共同体的建构过程。国家在最大程度上允许尽可能多的人参加高考,国家也对从报名到录取的每一个高考环节出规定。高考塑造了文化共同体,并且对政治产生了深远影响,确保国家作为统一的整体而存在。高考独有的高效和公平的特质决定了高考短期内不会被其他选拔制度所取代。