论人工影响天气致损的法律责任

人工影响天气是人类利用科技手段减少自然灾害和改善气候环境的一项现代文明成果,其实施过程中也会造成他人的人身或财产损失.人工影响天气侵权产生的责任包括行政赔偿责任、行政补偿责任和民事赔偿责任,人工影响天气过程中产生的自然灾害属于自然现象,人工影响天气实施者对由此造成的损害不必进行赔偿.     

关于修改现行宪法的几点建议

宪法是一国的根本大法 ,宪法的修改应该符合其内在的要求 ,必须慎重。我国宪法的修改目前有几个问题应当重视 :一是应当在宪法中明确规定公民私有财产权 ;二是应当在宪法中恢复公民的罢工权     

公诉变更问题研究——以刑事诉因变更制度为视角

刑事诉因变更制度具有制约起诉变更权、限定审判对象和保障辩护权的重要意义.我国现行制度框架内,对公诉变更问题中存在的指控事实和指控罪名随意变更问题,不仅缺乏相关的法律规制,而且有剥夺刑事被告人基本防御权之虞.英美和日本的诉因变更制度中对公诉和审判权行使范围的限制和对被告人防御权的保障值得我们借鉴和学习.     

Evaluation of an Incentive System at a Summer Camp for Youth Experiencing Homelessness

SUMMARY

Children who are homeless often experience emotional and behavioral problems. They also may have difficulty interacting with peers. Programs designed to reward positive behaviors may be successful in improving behavioral functioning for children experiencing emotional distress due to homelessness and related risk factors. Families experiencing homelessness may have a difficult time accessing mental health services. School settings may be optimal environments for implementing programs to improve behavioral and social development for these children. In this paper, we describe the implementation and outcomes of an incentive system, developed to improve school behaviors and interactions for children experiencing homelessness. This system was implemented during a summer camp designed to enrich reading skills. Teachers and aides administered bracelets as secondary reinforcers for positive and prosocial behaviors. Children could purchase primary reinforcers, such as toys and art supplies, with the bracelets. Results were positive, supporting project activities. Future programs and evaluation projects should focus on delivering and evaluating prevention and therapy services for youth experiencing homelessness.     

Tattoos and Human Identification: Investigation into the Use of X‐Ray and Infrared Radiation in the Visualization of Tattoos

Any person with a tattoo known to their family or friends could potentially be identified from the presence of such personal identifying markers. Problems in identification utilizing tattoos may arise when these markers are removed or defaced in some way. This paper uses infrared wavelengths at 760, 850, and 950 nm to improve the visualization of laser‐removed or covered up tattoos and also to establish whether the ink pigments used can be observed on radiographs from any metal that may be present. The results obtained indicate that some older inks have a high enough metallic content to allow them to be viewed on a radiograph, while infrared light can demonstrate latent ink still present in the skin after laser removal and can also be utilized to distinguish an original tattoo through a secondary “cover‐up” tattoo. Infrared photography and radiography have been shown to improve tattoo visualization in a forensic context.     

论量刑合法

量刑合法是罪刑法定原则在量刑上的要求和表现,意即量刑符合刑法规定,但这并不意味着只符合刑法分则的规定,而应是综合地符合刑法总则与分则的所有相关规定。就法定刑而言,量刑合法并不只是静态地符合法定刑的规定,而是还动态地符合法定刑的司法变型即处断刑、宣告刑、执行刑或免刑的要求。量刑合法与量刑合理并不是彼此分离的两个独立之物,而是同时实现和互为表里的有机统一体,其中,量刑合法以量刑合理为实质内容,并表现为形式合理与实质合理的有机统一。     

修改《劳动法》若干问题研究--从基本理念和具体制度层面分析

《劳动法》颁布10年来取得了巨大的成绩,但由于立法背景、对劳动关系本质认识的不足以及社会关系在转型时期的复杂性等因素的影响,存在严重缺陷,全面修改《劳动法》已为识者所共见。在深入研究劳动法的基本理念和认真分析各项劳动制度的基础上,比较、借鉴其他国家劳动立法,结合国际劳工公约的具体规定,将前瞻性和可操作性贯穿修改的始终,并注意与相关部门法的配套与衔接,完善而科学的劳动法体系是值得期待的。     

论我国《海商法》修改的基本原则与思路

《海商法》的修改问题是我国学术界讨论的热门话题,但是,对《海商法》应该如何修改,学者们的认识并不统一。我们应从我国的现状出发并借鉴国外先进经验,对《海商法》的修改时坚持“中改”与“小改”相结合的原则;力求本土化并兼顾与国际接轨的原则;及时与审慎的原则和协调原则,使修改后的《海商法》既能跟上时代的潮流,又能适合我国航运经济和司法实践的发展,在我国的法律体系中发挥其应有的作用。     

合资企业股权确认／变更争议为民事案件非行政案件——评最高人民法院（2002）民四终字第14号民事裁定书

中外合资/作经营企业股权确认及/或变更争议案件为平等主体之间的民商事案件,可以通过仲裁或民事诉讼得以解决.对此,人民法院不应裁定通过行政复议或者行政诉讼予以解决.行政机关不予审批的不作为行为以及当事人的意思自治是提起行政许可诉讼的两个基本要件.当事人对行政机关的正常行政许可行为不服不构成行政诉讼的标的,但构成行政复议的内容.当事人通过虚假或欺骗行为获得的行政许可,如本案的股权变更等,依法可通过向行政部门申请撤销得到补救.当事人只有在行政机关不作为不予撤销以欺骗行为获得的行政许可/审批时才应提起行政诉讼.     

论血缘主义在确定亲子关系时的修正与限制

婚姻法上决定自然血亲的亲子关系的指导原理是血缘主义原则。但在某些情形下若彻底推行此原则反而可能招致对国家、社会或当事人的不利,因而应受到某些修正或限制。从各国婚姻法在自然血亲的亲子关系的确定方法上所设立的婚生推定和非婚生子女的认领及准正等方法模式中,可以窥知血缘主义在确定亲子关系时仍然要受到某些主观主义的限制。为谋求亲子关系的稳定,尤其为保障子女利益的需要,不得不在一定情形下承认没有血缘关系的“亲子”为法律上的亲子关系,有血缘关系的亲子却不是法律上的亲子关系。