Political Marketing and Professionalized Campaigning

Abstract

During the last decade a number of scholars have argued that political campaigning has become professionalized, and that political marketing has become the new dominant campaign paradigm. However, the conceptual relationship between political marketing and the professionalization of political campaigning is unclear. Furthermore, the distinction between political marketing, market orientation, and marketing techniques is often blurred. At the same time, most of the literature is dominated by either an American or British perspective. This makes it unclear as to whether these concepts should be viewed as general concepts, or as concepts relevant primarily for countries that share some specific set of political institutions.

In this backdrop, the purpose of this article is to analyze (1) the conceptual relationship between political marketing, market orientation, marketing techniques, and professionalization of political campaigning, and (2) whether contemporary concepts of political marketing and the professionalization of political campaigning are equally applicable to all modern democracies regardless of, for example, political system and other country-specific factors. It also outlines a theory of strategic party goals for multiple arenas.     

论第三代中央领导集体反腐政治体系的构建——党的权力运行秩序视阈下的解读

基于社会主义市场经济的不成熟、不完善,从而滋生大量诱发腐败的劣变生态因子的情况,第三代中央领导集体在继承我党廉政建设有益经验的基础上,积极探索构建反腐政治体系。在政党文化层面,积极推进观念化意识形态的创新,为有效有序运行党的权力提供科学而恒定的价值方向和准则规范;在内政治社会化层面,强化对领导干部的政党文化内化教育;在政治制度层面突出准则和规范的实施以及源头防治功能,推进制度反腐新路径;在政治关系层面坚持"以法为轨"的准则,推动新形势下党的权力运行民主化和善治化;在政治行为层面加强对反腐工作规律的认识和继续实行群众参与制度化建设。     

我国发展独立第三方公共政策评估机构论析

发展独立第曼方政策评估机构是对公共政策公平与效率两大价值追求的必然要求。相比国外而青,当前我困独立笫三方政策评估机构的发展尚不健全,究其原因主要受限于内外两方面因素制约,文章对如何促进我国独立第三方政策评估机构发展展开研究。     

入党积极分子培养工作研究

入党积极分子培养是发展党员工作的重要环节,是保证党员发展质量的基础。如何抓好入党积极分子培养工作,对于提高党员队伍素质,保持党的先进性,具有十分重要的意义。针对胜利油田海洋采油厂各基层党组织在入党积极分子培养方面存在的问题,从采油厂、基层党组织和培养联系人三个层面,提出了加强改进入党积极分子培养工作的建议。     

Film Reviews

Relying on experimental methodology, we find that positive and negative reports of specific aspects of the economy influence the audience's assessments of political responsibility for the state of the economy. In addition, whether the president actively attempts to take credit (in the case of positive economic news) or attempts to avoid blame (in the case of negative economic news) also influences assessments. Finally, we find that effects are largely dependent on individual levels of partisanship.     

Probabilistic Classification of Age by Third Molar Development: The Use of Soft Evidence

Abstract: This study introduces a method to classify individuals according to an age threshold, given sex and third molars’ dental maturity measured on the Demirjian scale by expressing uncertainty on dental evidence (soft evidence). We introduced a procedure to learn the parameters of the Naïve Bayes model, and we discussed two classification rules. The model was estimated and tested on 559 Italians aged 16–22. Two experts provided the dental evaluations, and the model was estimated for each of them. We evaluated the coherence of the evidence provided by the experts. Some indexes have been proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of the models, emphasizing how the experts’ ability and the technology affect the results. We introduced two benchmarks, one based on the sample distribution per sex and age: in this case, probability of correct classification increases 22% and the proportion of false adults impressively decreases 80.2%; the other benchmark, obtained by simulating hard evidence, shows how the use of soft evidence increases the proportion of correct classification 3.1% and decreases the crucial proportion of false adults about 20%. Similarly, the proportion of false minors decreases about 5.3%.     

中国共产党的组织结构与党内民主的关系

中国共产党的组织结构是党的各项工作顺利进行的组织基础,以党内民主带动人民民主是我国民主政治建设的重要步骤。中国共产党的组织机构与党内民主之间存在关联,党内民主对中国共产党组织结构提出了新的要求。     

关于创新社区党建领导体制与工作机制的思考——以广西为例

新形势下创新社区党建体制机制,必须深化战略认识,把社区党建纳入各级党委重要议事El程;改革领导体制,强化党在社区的领导核心作用;优化组织设置,着力扩大社区党建工作覆盖面;完善分类管理机制,规范党员教育管理;构建人才物质保障机制,夯实党组织工作基础;创新服务群众工作机制,密切党同人民群众的血肉联系。     

关于毕业生“流动党员”网络之家建设的一点思考

毕业生"流动党员"主要是指其组织关系未转出而暂留学校,而本人在就业转移和地区间流动的过程中,外出务工、考研、创业的毕业生党员。面对此种特殊情况,对于高校党组织而言,加强流动党员的管理,使其在流动中及时参加党组织生活,接受党组织监督、教育和管理,发挥党员先锋模范作用,是加强党的建设的新任务。大学毕业生流动党员网络之家应结合毕业生实际情况,本着有利于党员的发展与管理、有利于党组织生活的开展、有利于促进党员发挥实际作用的原则,积极运用互联网、手机网络等现代信息载体,创新"流动党员"管理模式,建立由"网上党支部"、"党支部共享邮箱"、"党员QQ群"、"党员飞信群"、"党支部博客、论坛"等内容构成的流动党员"网络之家",实现对"流动党员"的高效管理目的。     

The Rise of the Novice Cabinet Minister? The Career Trajectories of Cabinet Ministers in British Government from Attlee to Cameron

Some commentators have observed that today's Cabinet ministers are younger and less experienced than their predecessors. To test this claim, we analyse the data for Labour and Conservative appointments to Cabinet since 1945. Although we find some evidence of a decline in average age and prior experience, it is less pronounced than for the party leaders. We then examine the data for junior ministerial appointments, which reveals that there is no trend towards youth and inexperience present lower down the hierarchy. Taking these findings together, we propose that public profile is correlated with ‘noviceness’; that is, the more prominent the role, the younger and less experienced its incumbent is likely to be. If this is correct, then the claim that we are witnessing the rise of the novice Cabinet minister is more a consequence of the personalisation of politics than evidence of an emerging ‘cult of youth’.