甲醛固定组织中DNA提取与扩增技术的初步研究

目的：探索从甲醛固定组织中提取并扩增DNA的方法。方法：采用高pH缓冲液,结合有机溶剂法抽提DNA,选择扩增片段较短的DQa位点作为检测位点。结果：甲醛固定组织中的DNA降解程度随浸泡时间的延长而加重,但浸泡1、5、10个月的3份心脏组织均获得了240bp的扩增产物。     

四川汉族青少年面部中线软组织厚度的数字X线测量

目的测量四川汉族青少年(8～20岁)人群面部中线软组织厚度,探讨其生长发育变化规律,为法医人类学的面部重建提供的基础数据。方法选取974例(男496,女478)头颅侧位数字X线片,分13个年龄段(8～20岁),选择面部10个标志点的软组织厚度测量,并进行描述性统计学分析。结果四川汉族青少年人群面部10个标志点的中线软组织平均厚度,在青少年阶段大多数测量标志点随年龄增长而增厚;男女性面部中线软组织厚度统计学分析存在性别差异(P<0.05),在15岁之后差异增大,且LLI点显著差异性在9～20岁之间均存在(P<0.01)。结论四川汉族青少年面部中线软组织厚度有随年龄增长而增厚的趋势,男女面部软组织厚度存在性别差异。     

Allelic alterations of STRs in archival paraffin embedded tissue as DNA source for paternity testing

Owing to a wrong name registered on ID card, the identity of a businessman who had been dead and cremated was suspected, which led his son failed to get legacy. In order to prove the parenthood, the son submitted the gastric cancer tissues surgically removed and embedded in a paraffin block as DNA source for paternity test. After extracting DNA with QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit, the 16 STR loci was amplified by two commercial kits of Sinofiler^® (ABI)and Powerplex 16 (Promega), respectively. Both of the STR profiles were similarly showing allelic imbalance pattern at some loci and an additional allele at locus D18S51. The cancerous tissues and adjacent normal tissues were then partitioned off from each other by microscopic analysis of H.E. stained sections and followed by DNA extracting and STR typing, respectively. The allelic alteration could not be found in normal tissues whereas it did in cancerous tissues whose STR profile showed complete loss of one allele (LOH) at loci D13S317 (allele 11 was lost), partial loss of one allele (pLOH) at loci D21S11, D7S820, D19S433, vWA, D12S391 and Amelogein and occurrence of an additional allele (allele 20 was added) at locus D18S51. The results demonstrated that the Paraffin Embedded cancer Tissue used as DNA source for forensic identification is possibly questionable because of their microsatellite instability (MSI) or loss of heterozygosity. It was suggested to partition the normal tissues from the cancer tissues by microscopic evaluation first and then analyzing DNA separately. Comparing the STRs profile of normal tissue with the son's blood sample, the final conclusion was acquired that the donor of the paraffin embedded tissues is the biological father of the son.     

人体组织两种简易保存法DNA抽提效果的比较研究

比较研究人体不同组织在不同保存条件下DNA抽提效果。取冷冻保存和50％乙醇固定保存的各种组织，用有机溶剂抽提法提取DNA。用50％乙醇固定保存的人体不同组织在校长时期内仍可获得与新鲜冷冻组织相近的DNA抽提效果，经卡方检验二者无明显差异（X2≤0．21，P≥0．995）。乙醇保存法简便易行，DNA产量高，效果好，适用于各种特殊情况下的组织保存。     

多发性软组织挫伤后对肺及其他脏器的影响

目的观察多发性软组织挫伤后短时间内死亡案例的脏器病理学改变。方法应用常规组织学及免疫组织化学染色技术进行光学显微镜检查。结果光镜检查见肺组织毛细血管扩张充血，白细胞集聚，肺组织散在片状出血、灶状坏死及透明膜形成；心脏间质血管扩张充血，点灶状纤维溶解；脑组织充血水肿，肝脾充血。免疫组化发现肺泡腔及部分血管内纤维蛋白染色阳性，部分脾脏血管内及肾髓质集合管中肌红蛋白染色阳性。结论本研究结果提示多发性软组织挫伤后短时间内死亡的死因为成人呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）合并多脏器功能衰竭。     

福尔马林固定石蜡包埋组织中DNA提取

由于甲醛介导的DNA损伤和石蜡对DNA提取的阻碍作用,使得常规DNA提取方法很难从福尔马林固定石蜡包埋组织(FFPET)中获取高质量的DNA。近年来,众多学者的研究表明,通过改良预处理方法,优化蛋白酶K消化作用,简化DNA提取步骤,纯化DNA提取物等,可以有效提高FFPET中提取的DNA质量,为FFPET的DNA分析奠定了基础。     

Facial Soft Tissue Thickness Among Three Skeletal Classes in Adult Pakistani Subjects

Different facial reconstruction methods rely on the average facial soft tissue thickness values provided in previous studies. Facial soft tissue thickness is influenced by the age, sex, and ethnicity of the individual. The aim of the present study was to determine facial soft tissue thickness of adult Pakistani subjects with different facial morphology. A total of 166 subjects were categorized into three skeletal classes (based on convex, straight, or concave facial profile) employing the classification system used in orthodontics. Facial soft tissue thickness was determined at ten midline points on lateral cephalograms. Significant differences in facial soft tissue thickness were present at glabella, labrale superius, stomion, and labiomentale in males and at labrale superius, labrale inferius, labiomentale, and pogonion in females among different skeletal classes. The current study suggests that the skull morphology-related variations in facial soft tissue thickness should be considered during facial reconstruction to achieve accurate results.     

组织切片DNA提取的探讨

在医患关系纠纷中,病理组织切片经常被作为至关重要的证据,但对它的检验是目前法医DNA检验的难点。因样本制作固定的时间、保存环境等不同因素的影响,病理组织切片DNA检出率并不高。本文从实际检案角度出发,详细介绍了病理组织切片DNA提取的过程,并分析了其可能影响因素。     

超声定位下针刀治疗髌腱腱病的初步研究

目的 探讨超声定位下针刀治疗髌腱腱病的临床价值。方法 超声定位下对18例髌腱腱病患者髌腱内高密度强回声区组织进行针刀治疗,治疗后4周随访。对比治疗前后髌腱内高密度强回声区组织的弹性应变率和11点数字疼痛评分（11-point numerical rating scales,NRS）变化。结果 治疗后高密度强回声区组织弹性应变率和NRS评分均显著低于治疗前 （P＜0.01）。结论 超声定位下针刀治疗可降低髌腱内瘢痕组织的硬度,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

栀子苷在正常大鼠体内的药物代谢动力学和组织分布

目的 研究栀子苷(Jasminoidin,JA)在正常大鼠血浆中的药物代谢动力学和在肝、脾、肾、脑中的分布情况.方法 采用phenomenex C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸(20∶80),流速0.8 ml/min,检测波长238 nm,柱温30 ℃.大鼠按JA单剂量...