Missing pieces: an overview of the institutional puzzle

Institutional development has become a core component of international development programmes. Yet, institutional reforms have, to date, had a disappointing impact on poverty reduction in the South. The causality of the links between institutions and poverty reduction and how exactly the institutional environment and development outcomes affect each other is still unclear. A lack of analytical consensus has resulted in vague policy recommendations and a dearth of clear operational guidelines for international development practitioners. This article provides an overview of the main current institutional development debates and gaps in existing research, and identifies some key organisations working on institutional issues in the academic and practitioner spheres. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大学生贫富差距与高校和谐校园的构建

目前,大学生贫富差距已成为影响高校构建和谐校园的严重障碍。大学生贫富差距导致的诸多心理问题主要是由于缺乏相应的思想政治教育所造成的。只有对大学生进行相应的思想政治教育,化解彼此之间的隔阂和矛盾,才能从根本上解决问题,才能真正构建起高校的和谐校园。     

高校网络思想政治教育调查的实证分析

网络给高校思想政治教育工作带来了非常重要的影响,高校网络思想政治教育取得了初步的成效,但还存在亟待解决的问题。必须建立和完善高校网络思想政治教育工作体系,丰富内容,增强吸引力,建设一支精干的网络思想政治工作队伍,真正发挥网络思想政治教育的优势。     

新形势下高校实验室的建设与管理探讨

高校实验室是教学和科研的重要基地,是新形势下培养复合创新型高素质人才,出高水平研究成果,服务社会经济的主要场所。加强实验室的建设与管理刻不容缓。     

The five shades of grey: party systems and authoritarian institutions in post-Soviet Central Asian states

ABSTRACT

This article overviews and seeks to explain the processes of party system formation in the post-Soviet Central Asian states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) by focusing on a crucial party-system property, fragmentation. The analysis reveals that to a much greater extent than in democracies, where party systems are largely shaped by societal factors, the level of party system fragmentation in autocracies is determined by the scope of presidential powers, as entrenched in the formal institutional order and reflected in the national constitution. The level of authoritarianism is largely inconsequential for party system fragmentation, while the role of electoral rules is secondary. Institutionally weak and institutionally strong autocratic presidents have a preference for fragmented party systems, while presidents with an intermediate range of powers seek and obtain low levels of party system fragmentation.     

浅析对马克思"人的本质"论述的认识误区

在对马克思关于"人的本质"论述的理解过程中,存在着一些误解。事实上,马克思的论述不是对"人的本质"的定义,而是揭示了人所表现出的善恶是由社会关系的总和而不是社会属性决定的;马克思的观点不是环境决定论。     

Secrecy jurisdictions and economic development in Africa: the role of sovereign spaces of exception in producing private wealth and public poverty

Abstract

This paper reviews the scope and function of secrecy jurisdictions and includes new research data on their extensive use by development finance institutions in delivering official development assistance. In order to establish what these empirical data mean in terms of economic development, the paper builds a theoretical model of secrecy jurisdictions as constructed spaces of exception and exemption. It then reviews how different economic paradigms explain, analyse and assign normative values to secrecy jurisdictions/tax havens, noting that the neoliberal account proffers ideological assumptions which cannot be empirically verified. This paper argues that the most robust evidence available indicates that secrecy jurisdictions lower ‘onshore’ rewards to national stakeholders, and critically shrink the fiscal base required for sustainable economic development. Further, the paper argues that the extensive use of secrecy jurisdictions by development finance institutions sponsors an elite financial class in recipient countries, but otherwise undermines broad-based development embedded in economic justice.     

海峡两岸农业生产率比较研究——基于DEA的Malmquist指数方法

运用DEA—Malmquist生产率指数测算了1995—2009年的海峡两岸农业全要素生产率变化指数,并分析了其时序增长和差异演化趋势。结果显示：虽然两岸农业生产率增长差距缩小,但增长的动力源不同,两岸农业增长方式仍存在根本区别。另外,大陆各省份吸引台商农业投资状况是导致其区域农业生产率不平衡增长的主要因素。未来,大陆应进一步密切两岸在农技创新和推广上的合作,加强两岸农业合作组织间的交流,同时引导台商在大陆农业投资由东部地区向中西部地区扩散。     

中国经济结构演进的动因探讨

推动中国经济结构不断演进的主要动力来自三个方面:政府主导的渐进式制度变迁;以技术创新、技术引进和技术扩散为主要内容的技术进步,以及深刻变革的国内国际分工体系。因此,中国经济结构半个多世纪以来一直处于不断调整的非均衡状态。     

论马克思市民社会思想及意义

以唯物史观的分析方法详细考察马克思市民社会思想。市民社会是市场经济的产物 ,物质利益是其行动原则 ,物质生活关系总和是其内在规定。马克思以市民社会入手来确立唯物史观的理论起点。市民社会是现代历史进程的一个必不可逾越的问题 ,具有重要的历史和现实意义。