在中国工运事业发展中发挥国有控股企业工会的作用

党的十六大和中国工会十四大,把中国工运事业的大发展推向一个新的历史阶段。在这个过程中,发挥国有控股企业工会组织的推动作用显得尤为重要。在工运事业的发展中,国企工会肩负着实践新理论、创新新形式、建设新机制的历史使命。     

The revival and decline of rank and file movements in Britain during the 1930s

The economic and political crisis of 1931 provoked the reappearance of rank and file movements in Britain. This article examines the unofficial organisations that developed in building, engineering, passenger transport and the railways – as well as more ephemeral bodies. It critically synthesises the existing historiography and replenishes it with new material from the Russian archives. The progress of rank and filism to 1939 is surveyed and the largely forgotten project of a new Communist-led rank and file organisation, a Trade Union Militant League, which would supersede the National Minority Movement, is recuperated. The article stresses the role of Comintern policy in harnessing and moulding grass-roots rebellion. It validates that strand in the literature which argues that Moscow’s subsequent turn to the popular front and aspirations to alliances with labour movement leaders predominated over, and legitimated, indigenous influences, enhanced existing adaptation to trade unionism, and encouraged subordination of oppositional movements to activity in official structures. By 1939, the Communists had abandoned the idea of a national rank and file movement they had pursued since 1923. Little survived of the revolutionary enterprise launched in 1931. Rank and filism endured only as a handful of sectional, party-sponsored, trade union ginger groups.     

Legitimising liberal militarism: politics,law and war in the Arms Trade Treaty

Post-cold war efforts to knit together human rights and international humanitarian law in pursuit of tougher arms transfer control reached their apogee in the UN Arms Trade Treaty (ATT). In contrast to dominant accounts based on human security norms, I argue that a key effect of the ATT is to legitimise liberal forms of militarism. During negotiations the US and UK governments justified their arms export practices in terms of morality, responsibility and legitimacy. More broadly their arms transfer practices are explained away by reference to national regulatory regimes that exceed the standards set out in the ATT. Arms transfers to Egypt and intra-Western transfers illustrate the way these justifications and regimes serve to shield US–UK weapons transfers and use from scrutiny and accountability. Rather than signalling the victory of human security, the ATT is better understood as facilitating the mobilisation of legitimacy for contemporary liberal forms of war fighting and war preparation.     

Unethical power Europe? Something fishy about EU trade and development policies

This article analyses the impact of European Union (EU) policies in the field of fisheries on development in Africa. It contests the premise that the EU promotes local economies, and argues that it often contributes to depleting fish stocks, distorting African economic policies and harming fishers’ communities. In so doing, the EU is violating its basic duty to avoid harm to other states. However, it is now committed to sustainable development. This article offers suggestions on policies which would enable the EU to take on both its negative and positive duties.     

美国的出口管制政策及其对美中贸易的影响

美国出口管制政策演变的历史表明,出口管制始终是美国国家战略的一个重要组成部分。自中华人民共和国成立以来,美国对华一直实行歧视性出口管制政策。这不仅在相当程度上加剧了美中贸易失衡,而且使两国都付出了巨大的经济代价。由于奥巴马政府并未改变美国对华的一贯立场,因此其推动的出口管制改革并未惠及美中贸易,使美中贸易关系的发展日趋复杂。在对华出口管制问题上,美中两国的博弈将是一个长期的过程,在美中双边经济相互依赖关系中明显处于弱势地位的中国应当积极采取措施予以应对。     

东北地区与周边国家经贸合作

东北地区与周边国家经贸合作在东北三省进出口贸易合作中占有重要地位,日韩一直是东北地区外资的主要来源国,而黑龙江省在东北地区对周边国家投资中地位比较突出.但同时,也存在着东北地区与周边国家贸易合作对该地区GDP拉动作用不明显、东北三省与周边国经贸合作发展不均衡、东北地区的对外投资水平较低的问题.在东北振兴、俄罗斯东部开发战略、中日韩自由贸易区步伐有所加快的背景下,东北地区与周边国家经贸合作将得到深化.     

拜登政府对华态势考察：非战略军事阵线

拜登政府执政八个月,在战略军事领域不断强化和升级对中国的戒备、威胁、围堵和反推。在战略军事阵线之外,拜登政府的对华态势和行为更加凸显竞争和对抗。它在贸易领域持续挑起涉华贸易争端和发动主要针对中国的供应链重组;在高新技术领域全面施行高技术"脱钩"和遏止;在外交领域推进旨在围堵和孤立中国的涉华盟友外交。在中美合作方面,可能的具体合作必然甚为有限,并且与两国间在世界威望、全球治理领导地位、意识形态影响和经济/技术方面的竞争复杂交织。拜登总统将中美之间愈发激烈的竞斗当成更广泛的全球意识形态竞斗,怀着一项自命的使命("拜登主义"),即面对所谓"专制主义的威胁"和21世纪的其他挑战,要证明民主依然管用。拜登政府对华政策总纲正在浮现:中国是美国短期、中期和长期的近乎全面的"敌对威胁"和竞争对手,美国的相关目标不仅是对华竞而胜之,而且是对华完胜。中国既要不低估拜登政府的能力和已取得的效果,也要密切注意其客观困难和主观表现的上下波动,因而须对拜登治下的美国的综合实力和多方潜能进行经久的开放性观察。量力而行、量利而行、注重成本、提防风险应当是起码的和迫在眉睫的基本方针,以此为前提才可正确谋划长远的未来方向。     

商事账簿法律属性及其立法模式研究

商事账簿是传统商法固有的内容。是商主体或商人依据法律编制的账簿。无论从商事账簿的历史、分类和意义抑或商事账簿的规范性质等方面分析,该制度都是商事私法的重要内容。我国商事账簿立法模式存在诸多缺陷,必须加以完善。制定统一的《商事账簿法》是市场经济发展的需要。     

WTO框架下贸易与环境问题的新发展

如何实现环境保护与贸易自由的协调发展是多边贸易体制中的一个新问题,GATT规则及其争端解决实践对此问题基本上持回避、谨慎的态度。WTO成立后,WTO规则及其争端解决实践的价值天平呈现出向环境保护倾斜的趋势。多哈会谈及坎昆部长会议则再次显示多边贸易体制在向环境保护问题妥协。环境保护问题在多边贸易体制中的这种发展趋势将会对发展中国家的贸易安全提出严峻挑战。     

论公司名称的取得、使用和保护

公司名称是公司法上的一项重要制度,同时又有工业产权的属性。文章对我国公司名称制度进行了全面讨论,认为我国公司名称制度应在以下几个方面进行改革:在名称取得方面,提高名称核准的级别,实现两级注册管理,增设名称异议制度;在使用方面,建立使用备案制度、使用许可制度,解除对未注册名称的使用限制;在保护方面,重新厘定公司名称的保护标准,强化使用保护中的反不正当竞争。