The Benevolent Prince in Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff’s <Emphasis Type="Italic">Teutscher Fürsten Stat</Emphasis> with Special Consideration of the Prince’s Revenues,Regalia and Taxes

The applicability of Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) to the public sphere is examined with the use of institutional legal theory. First, Oliver E. Williamson's 1985 general theory of private governance structures is analyzed. Following on this, his 1999 attempt at extending the theory to capture governance structures in the public sphere as well, is analyzed with the use of the insights gained from the first stage. Finally, on the basis of the whole two-stage analysis, an attempt is made at solving some fundamental problems concerning the applicability of TCE to public governance. JEL Classification: B52, D73, H11, K0, L22, L33     

Taxes,Tradable Rights and Transaction Costs

With respect to market-based policy approaches, it is a widely held view that corrective taxation entails substantial, though far fewer transaction costs than tradable permit systems. This conclusion only holds if set-up costs are singled out. This paper explores all relevant market, managerial and political transaction costs associated with environmental taxes and tradable emission rights. It is argued that the prevalence of transaction costs is largely dependent on the design of the policy instrument, respectively the tax base or the trading regime chosen. Comparative analysis further shows that a cap-and-trade program of emission permits distributed for free, traded on a brokered market and monitored upstream is not only more effective, but also likely to entail fewer transaction costs than environmental taxes. Any attempt, in turn, to save the huge information, enforcement and compliance costs incurred by corrective taxation impairs its efficacy by severing the link between the environmental externality and the tax base.JEL Classification: K32, K34     

我国城市积雪清扫服务供给模式的经济分析简

从经济学的视角来看,城市积雪清扫是一种公共物品,而造成这类物品供给不足的主要原因是政府垄断的单一供给模式.本文运用法经济学原理,通过分析公共物品的供需规律来探寻城市清雪服务的最优供给模式.     

农村土地流转的“朝南模式”——广西横县云表镇朝南村农村土地经营机制创新情况调研

该文以广西朝南村为例,提出以土地流转为核心的现代农业发展方式,促进农民增收。建议以农村土地经营机制创新为突破口,成立农民专业合作社,推动整村土地流转,开展龙头企业与合作社对接,发展现代农业。     

论网络交易平台提供商之交易安全保障义务

网络交易平台提供商是指为网络购物交易方提供网络交易平台服务的人。网络交易平台提供商的交易安全保障义务是指网络交易平台提供商负有的采取直接或间接措施避免或减少网络交易风险,保护交易方财产利益不受损害的法律义务。该义务防范的交易风险主要是交易方实质性的虚假陈述及不归因于交易方的重要信息错误、延误、丢失或不能辨认,而不包括一般的违约行为及产品责任风险。该义务应该由法律直接规定最低标准,但并不排除当事方之间进行更高水平的约定。最低标准可参照侵权法上的安全保障义务的要求设定,并融合限制网络服务提供商损害赔偿责任的＂安全港＂制度。     

科斯命题的谬误

科斯命题的谬误分为逻辑谬误和经验谬误,学术界对科斯命题的谬误的争论经常在两个不同层次上展开,造成了很多混乱。自由交换版科斯命题、交易成本版科斯命题和完全竞争版科斯命题是否是同义反复或者逻辑谬误在于“交易成本”、“自由交换”和“效率”的定义,实际上属于是否逻辑谬误的问题。科斯对经验世界的判断“通常”、“往往”似乎成立,但仔细分析,科斯的判断是错误的。     

金融交易税的税法反思和启示

金融危机爆发后,欧洲大陆重提金融交易税的开征,在理论和实践中引起强烈反响。文章对金融交易税从税法上进行反思,探寻金融交易税的正当性和本质,基于纳税人权利和税收法定原则研究弥合与重构我国证券交易税的路径。     

农地承包经营权流转中的职务犯罪防控

现阶段土地流转规模有不断扩大的趋势,而公权力的不当介入为权力寻租提供了机会。在反租倒包、以租代征、承包经营权入股等流转形式中基层权力主体的职务犯罪形态多样,这些犯罪行为具有主体复杂、手段隐蔽、阶段性明显、发现率低、查处难度大等特点。为此,需要从源头上加以防范,从内部控制和外部监督等方面加强对此类犯罪的防控。     

Contracting Out Parks and Recreation Services: Correcting for Selection Bias Using a Heckman Selection Model

Despite the growing scholarly attention on the efficiency rationale of contracting out, the empirical evidence to support claims that contracting out service delivery reduces service costs has not been forthcoming. Using transaction cost theories, this research explores park and recreation service provision costs across contractor sectors, controlling for the choice to contract out a service or not. The two-stage Heckman model indicates the importance of competitive markets and economies of scale in reducing transaction cost risk which local governments must face. This research also addresses how state and local institutional settings define the context in which policy decisions are made and implemented.     

On socialization,patriotism and trust: the migration of homeward-bound Russian academics

Because global labor markets affect the self-assignment of academics, they also affect structural changes in migration movements. To understand the migration patterns of highly qualified academic scholars, research has focused on their mobility, including their return migration. Thus far, studies have examined migrants from Latin America to the United States, but the impacts of cultural or societal contexts on migration have not been investigated.

Based on an empirical study of Russian academics who have migrated to Germany, we propose theory-based answers to the following questions: Is trust a relevant motivation for homeward-bound academic migrants to return to their native countries, and who or what is the object of this trust? Why do these migrants, in contrast to the vast majority of interviewees, self-identify with their society of origin? Does transaction cost theory explain these academics' motives for migration? Is their temporary stay beneficial to the host society?