关于收入分配差距问题的若干理论综述

西方经济学界对于收入分配差距问题的思考由来已久,关于收入分配差距的经济理论不断丰富。改革开放以来,我国的收入分配差距不断拉大,很多学者针对中国当前的收入分配差距状况,发表真知灼见。笔者将时国内外关于收入分配差距的变动趋势问题、公平与效率问题、扩大程度问题等若干重要理论进行梳理和评析。     

我国贸易依存度与经济增长的比例分析

近些年来,我国出口飞速增长,从而引起了我国贸易依存度的急剧上升。从短期来看,虽然贸易会促进经济的快速发展,但从长期来看则会损害我国经济的健康发展。结果表明,目前我国贸易依存度过高,并且出口依存度也出现了过高的情形。因此,依靠贸易来拉动经济增长的空间已经非常有限。要想拉动经济增长就必须从内需入手,这样可以降低贸易依存度,从而减少我国以后可能面临的经济体系风险。     

17例颈椎外伤合并颈椎退行性病变的伤病关系分析

目的研究颈椎外伤合并颈椎退行性病变的法医学鉴定案件特点,探讨如何利用临床资料,法医学检查和影像学检查等对损伤和病变参与程度进行认定等问题。方法收集17例颈椎外伤合并颈椎退行性病变的法医学鉴定案例,对其年龄分布、损伤方式、损伤程度、影像学表现等进行分析,综合评定伤病关系。结果 17例案件以中老年为主。所有案例均存在椎间盘突出,损伤以过伸性损伤为主。按照影像学表现,将损伤程度和脊椎退变程度进行分级,综合计算伤病参与程度。结论颈椎外伤合并颈椎退行性病变的法医学鉴定案件应综合运用临床资料、法医学体格检查和影像学检查结果进行评定。     

Post-traumatic effects in policing: perceptions,stigmas and help seeking behaviours

This study explored the relationships between perceptions, stigmas and support with help seeking amongst police officers. A total of 421 web surveys were completed by constables from a large municipal police force in Canada. The most significant finding was the relationship between officers feeling comfortable disclosing distressing personal information and seeking help from others. Help was most commonly sought from respondents’ friends (at work and outside) and family members. Respondents shared information with their direct supervisors only when there was a strong, reciprocal relationship between them. Implications for future research and practice for help seeking in police occupations are discussed.     

人体损伤程度鉴定的演绎推理模式

人体损伤程度鉴定从属于法医临床学,是源于司法实践的需要,从医学发展而来的一门技术,具有很强的实践性和社会性,其主要功能是为诉讼,特别是为刑事诉讼提供鉴定结论。法律制度层面的设计,从抽象的标准出发,评价诉讼中的具体损伤,决定了其常见的论证模式是演绎推理。     

论特别行政区制度下的“剩余权力”问题

从香港基本法草拟至今,"剩余权力"问题一直是理论界和实务界的热门话题。本文试图从"剩余权力"概念的内涵入手,展开分析作为保留权力的"剩余权力"和作为遗漏权力的"剩余权力"。通过比较宪法学知识,说明在香港特区高度自治权问题上谈论"剩余权力"问题在宪政理论上、在实定法上都是难以证成的,同时,为香港特区高度自治权的进一步发展和扩充指明合法路径。     

重型颅脑损伤视觉听觉P300特征及与智商的相关性

目的探讨重型颅脑损伤患者视觉和听觉P300的特征及与智商的相关性和其应用价值。方法采用中国修订韦氏成人智力量表与Neuroscan-ERP仪对29名重型颅脑损伤患者（外伤组）和46名健康志愿者（对照组）进行智测及视觉、听觉P300检测,分析其特征和相关性。结果外伤组智商均值明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）;视觉P300包括P2、N2和P3成分,听觉P300包括N1、P2、N2、P3成分。外伤组P300波形分化不良,视觉P300各成分的波幅和潜伏期均较对照组明显降低和延长（P〈0.05）;听觉P300的P2波幅和N2、P3的波幅及潜伏期也明显降低和延长（P〈0.05）。视觉和听觉P300各成分中仅P3潜伏期与总智商呈负相关（r=-0.30-0.42,P〈0.05）。结论重型颅脑损伤患者治疗终结后智能仍明显下降,视觉和听觉P300的波幅和潜伏期亦明显异常,且P3潜伏期与智商呈负相关,可作为评估智能损害的一项神经电生理参考指标。     

The influence of sense of coherence,self-care and work satisfaction on secondary traumatic stress and burnout among child and youth residential care workers in Switzerland

The present study aimed to investigate the incidence of post-traumatic and secondary traumatic stress as well as burnout symptoms among child and youth welfare workers in residential care in Switzerland and to assess the predictive value of sense of coherence, self-care, and job satisfaction. A sample of 319 child welfare professionals in Swiss child and youth residential care was assessed using questionnaires that addressed sense of coherence, perceived collective efficacy, self-care, and work satisfaction, as well as symptoms of traumatic stress and burnout. Linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the influence of sense of coherence, self-care and job satisfaction on symptoms of burnout and traumatic stress. Enhancing sense of coherence, work-related self-care and work satisfaction could reduce stress symptoms and increase the well-being of child and youth welfare staff. The authors discuss how child and youth residential care institutions could improve these factors among their staff.     

人民币汇率形成机制改革对中日贸易利益格局的影响

中日两国迅猛发展的经贸关系对东亚经济合作、整个世界经济的发展都会产生重要的影响;但在中日贸易利益分配格局中,我国却长期处于不利的地位。人民币汇率形成机制改革后,我国总价格贸易条件和中日双要素贸易条件将得到改善、比较价格水平将得到提升,同时也将促进我国产业和贸易结构升级,从而改善我国在中日贸易中的利益分配;但也应积极防御汇率双向浮动给中日贸易利益带来的风险和不确定性。     

打击街面、车站等公共场所团伙侵财犯罪的侦查对策

侦查行为与犯罪行为经常处于“道魔争高”的状态,这是规律。目前一些公共场所团伙侵财犯罪突出,犯罪手段和工具诡异。实战中打击此类犯罪存在一定难度,侦查效益较低,犯罪证据不易提取和固定．为此,侦查主体必须掌握此类犯罪行为的特点和规律,采取相应的侦查对策．做到精确打击、斩草除根。