闭合性颅脑损伤后大鼠BAEP及脑损伤的动态变化

目的观察大鼠闭合性弥漫性颅脑损伤后脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)的动态改变及脑组织病理学变化,探讨BAEP在颅脑损伤后评估听觉功能障碍的价值。方法使用自制弹簧式小型生物打击机打击大鼠颅顶部,制造闭合性弥漫性轻型颅脑损伤模型。观察对照组以及伤后15min和1,3,6,12h及1,2,4,7,10,14,21d等时间点大鼠脑组织病理学改变,干/湿法检测脑组织含水量。分别于伤前、伤后各时间点以50Hz刺激率记录大鼠BAEP,对其结果进行比较。结果损伤后15min,BAEP的Ⅰ～Ⅴ、Ⅲ～ⅤIPL即较损伤前延长(P<0.05),至6～12h,Ⅲ、ⅤPL较损伤前延长。损伤后1～2d,Ⅲ、ⅤPL和Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅰ～Ⅴ、Ⅲ～ⅤIPL均较损伤前显著延长(P<0.001),14d后BAEP逐渐恢复正常。伤后15min脑组织含水量开始升高,伤后1d达高峰,持续至4d后逐渐下降,至10d后降至正常水平。结论BAEP可作为闭合性弥漫性轻型颅脑损伤后听觉功能障碍的客观评价指标。     

Contextual and Personal Predictors of Adaptive Outcomes Under Terror Attack: The Case of Israeli Adolescents

This paper explores individual differences in perceptions of political violence, strategies for coping with violence, and adaptive outcomes. Data on political violence stress, personal variables, coping strategies, and stress reactions were gathered on a sample of 227 Israeli adolescents in Haifa and Northern Israel confronted with a prolonged period of terror attack in the course of the Al-Aqsa Intifada. Political violence stress and trait anxiety were shown to be meaningful predictors of both coping strategies and adaptive outcomes. Although adolescents reported employing more avoidance coping, on average, than other coping modes, it was primarily the use of emotion-focused coping efforts that predicted stress reactions. The observation that problem-focused coping did not meaningfully alleviate stress reactions may have been a function of the uncontrollable nature and severity of the community stressor. The data were discussed and explicated in the context of stress and coping theory and research. Professor and Dean of Research and Director of the Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Emotions, Haifa University, Mt. Carmel, Israel.     

热休克蛋白70对大鼠脑干损伤诊断的免疫组织化学研究

为了解脑干在受到创伤后作为降解异常蛋白的分子伴侣（molecularchaperones）之一的热休克蛋白70（heatshockprotein70HSP70）在中枢神经系统的表达情况，用免疫组化法对Wistar大鼠脑干针刺损伤模型的HSP70在损伤前及损伤后1、3、6、12、24小时的中枢神经各区的表达数量、分布变化进行检测。在针刺后1小时脑组织HE染色尚无明显特异性改变的情况下，大脑及小脑内HSP7免疫活性阳性的血管内皮细胞、神经胶质细胞显著增加，在损伤灶局部周围出现HSP7I免疫活性阳性神经元细胞增多，伤后3小时该处HSP7阳性神经元数量显著多于伤前及同一时间点的其它处脑组织，伤后24小时HSP7阳性细胞依然广泛存在。脑干的外伤性损伤可导致脑组织的蛋白质结构发生改变，脑干局部HSP70阳性神经元数量增多可作为脑干损伤定位诊断的依据。     

开展消费教育引导农村居民科学消费

当前随着我国农村居民收入状况的改善,农村居民的消费水平也有较大的提高,但农村居民消费中仍然存在着一些不科学、不合理的消费心态和消费行为.为提高农村居民生活质量,必须有农村经济的进一步发展为之奠定坚实的基础,更有赖于通过消费教育引导农村居民确立科学的消费观念、消费方式,鼓励农村居民适度消费.     

Traumatic asphyxia in weightlifters

The cases presented here are an unrecognized source of accidental asphyxia--compression of the neck by barbells. Two cases of traumatic asphyxia due to this preventable hazard occurred in a 5-year period in central New York. There have been at least 11 similar deaths reported to the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and cataloged in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System between 1999 and 2002. A petition filed in 2003 with the CPSC-proposed mandatory labeling of bench presses to make consumers aware of this hazard, but was denied. This report looks at the deaths that have occurred due to this unrecognized safety threat and provides pertinent advice to make bench-pressing a safer activity.     

网络环境下学位论文管理模式探讨

我省高校学位论文管理方面由于缺乏总体上的规划和协调,图书馆与各院系资料室缺乏横向联系,形成“条块分割,各自为政”的局面,造成了学位论文资源的极大浪费,降低了学位论文作为信息情报源的作用。开发学位论文数据库有利于学位论文长期保存、有效利用与信息资源共享。学位论文数据库的建立应当与CALIS数据库在数据规范、检索入口等方面保持一致,利用FTP方式远程获取学位论文全文及其相关信息,选择TRS系统作为全文信息管理软件,选择UNIX操作系统作为TRS的软件平台,SUNE3500为硬件平台。     

A Unique Fatal Moose Attack Mimicking Homicide

Fatalities caused by animal attacks are rare, but have the potential to mimic homicide. We present a case in which a moose attacked and killed a woman who was walking her dog in a forest. Autopsy showed widespread blunt trauma with a large laceration on one leg in which blades of grass were embedded. Flail chest was the cause of death. The case was initially conceived as homicide by means of a riding lawn mower. A review of the case by moose experts and analyses of biological trace material that proved to originate from moose, established the true source of injury. The dog probably provoked a moose, which, in response, stomped and gored the victim to death. The injuries resembled those previously reported from attacks by cattle and water buffalo. Fatal moose attacks constitute an extremely rare threat in boreal areas, but can be considered in traumatic deaths of unknown cause.     

Chemical Analysis in the Corpus Callosum Following Traumatic Axonal Injury using Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy: A Pilot Study

Evaluating traumatic axonal injury remains challenging in clinical and forensic sciences as its identification is difficult using routine diagnostic methods. This study used Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy to detect TAI within the corpus callosum in an animal model. Protein conformational analysis revealed significantly increased β-sheet and β-turn contents paralleled by a decrease in α-helix content at 24 h postinjury, while the antiparallel β-sheet content was decreased at 12 h postinjury. Compared with the control group, the lipid/protein ratio was significantly reduced in all of the injured groups. At 24 h postinjury, there were increases in the olefinic=CH and CH₃ group of lipids accompanied by the decreased CH₂ group, but the results at 12 and 72 h were contrary to that at 24 h. Our study showed that FTIRM could differentiate injured from normal white matter at different time points following TBI via examination of these infrared spectral parameters.     

中国汉族6～18周岁人群牙齿生长发育的地区差异研究

目的探讨中国汉族儿童及青少年下颌恒牙钙化程度不同地区间的差异,为相关研究提供依据。方法根据牙齿钙化的分级标准,对来自广东、河南、陕西、黑龙江、重庆地区11275张(男5499张,女5776张)6～18周岁汉族儿童及青少年全口曲面断层影像片中下颌左侧恒牙钙化程度进行分级评分;评分数据使用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计处理,分性别及年龄段用非参数独立样本检验两两比较上述地区儿童及青少年牙齿生长发育的差异。结果下颌左侧各恒牙钙化分级值存在地区间差异(P0.05),差异最大的为尖牙。结论中国汉族儿童及青少年牙齿发育存在着地区差异;在建立相关利用牙齿钙化程度推断年龄的方程模型时,最好分地区建模。     

论民事诉讼中的证明要求

长期以来 ,我国在民事诉讼中一贯坚持客观真实的证明要求。但是 ,随着我国经济体制改革的不断深化 ,民事审判方式也在不断地发生变化 ,客观真实的证明要求既无现实性又无可操作性的弊端越来越明显。为此 ,本文作者认为 ,我国应借鉴国外一些成熟的做法并根据我国司法实际 ,在民事诉讼中确立盖然性占优势的证明要求 ,并建立相应的制约机制 ,从而完善我国民事诉讼中的证明要求 ,使其既具有科学性又具有可操作性 ,以便于实现民事诉讼的诉讼任务。