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41.
Ancile Brewster 《公共行政管理与发展》2005,25(2):175-184
This article assesses the privatisation of the electricity sector in two Caribbean countries, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago, to determine if they have been successful and whether they have contributed benefits to the respective societies. Two general methods are applied in assessing the success of the divestments; attainment of governments' stated objectives and commonly used utility performance metrics together with social and customer focus indicators. The results indicate that the stated objectives were broadly achieved, and the privatisation and its attempts brought benefits to the consumers and the society in general. The short to medium term benefits were accrued through lower labour costs per unit of electricity, higher performance of plant and operations and business led decision‐making. Long‐term benefits are accrued through the reduction or elimination of electricity supply deficits. However, although the basic privatisations were successful, the absence of an adequate regulatory framework in one case may have reduced the quantum of benefits through failure to enforce continuous improvement in the privatised generation company, and reductions in worker rents in the public distribution company. Further, benefits were reduced by long divestment processes, accompanying strategic drift, opportunity costs from delayed sale proceeds and efficiency enhancement, and the costs to sustain interim operations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
42.
Carto-philatelic imagery illustrates that the “mental map” of China underlying territorial policies of the People's Republic
of China is constructed, contingent, and impermanent. Although it has claimed Taiwan by asserting primordial sovereignty,
declaring the island to have been part of China “since ancient times,” the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has not always
viewed the island as part of China. Although it recognized the independence of Mongolia in 1950, before it came to power as
the government of the state the CCP envisioned Mongolia as part of China. Postage stamps issued in territories governed by
the CCP before 1949 juxtaposed to stamps issued by the Republic of China government affirm what documents suggest: that China's
boundaries have not been immutable and have been highly contested by Chinese political elite. This should prompt readers to
view with skepticism categorical claims about China's sovereignty and “territorial integrity.” 相似文献
43.
44.
A looking glass self-orientation refers to the tendency to incorporate the opinions of social partners to form a self-representation
and approve of one’s self. These orientations were assessed for two adolescent siblings in 438 families with surveys accessed
on-line. Younger (M = 11.6 years, SD = 1.8) and older (M = 14.3, SD = 2.1) siblings and their mothers (82.7% European-American) participated. The siblings shared similar orientations in relying
on either classmates or the other sibling for approval, prior to self approval. Relying on classmate approval was significantly
associated with adjustment and academic performance as reported by both the self and mothers. Siblings were also identified
as sources of approval with implications for adjustment, but the magnitude of the associations with adjustment were lower.
Comparisons of the older and younger siblings revealed that both groups were equally as liable to poor outcomes when reflecting
the opinions of classmates or siblings. The results of SEM analyses implicate parenting characterized as coercive, rejecting,
and chaotic in association with the tendency to rely on others for approval. A mediating role for looking glass self-orientations
in associations between parenting and depressive symptoms, anxiety or academic performance was also found.
Wendy C. Gamble is an Associate Professor at the University of Arizona in the Division of Family Studies and Human Development. She received her Ph.D. in Human Development and Family Studies from the Pennsylvania State University. Her current research focuses on the socialization of emotional competencies among children and on sibling interactions and developing self-systems among children and adolescents. Jeong Jin Yu is an Assistant Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at the Pennsylvania State University, York. He completed his doctorate in Family Studies and Human Development at the University of Arizona. His research interests include child and adolescent socioemotional development and multivariate statistical methods. 相似文献
Jeong Jin YuEmail: |
Wendy C. Gamble is an Associate Professor at the University of Arizona in the Division of Family Studies and Human Development. She received her Ph.D. in Human Development and Family Studies from the Pennsylvania State University. Her current research focuses on the socialization of emotional competencies among children and on sibling interactions and developing self-systems among children and adolescents. Jeong Jin Yu is an Assistant Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at the Pennsylvania State University, York. He completed his doctorate in Family Studies and Human Development at the University of Arizona. His research interests include child and adolescent socioemotional development and multivariate statistical methods. 相似文献
45.
This study examined the relationship between limited English proficiency status, and internalizing and externalizing behaviors
among a sample of Latino/a children (N = 2,840) from the US Department of Education’s Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten (ECLS-K) data set. Results
of cross sectional regression and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analyses suggest that there is a positive relationship
between limited English proficiency and externalizing symptoms, particularly by third grade. Additionally, sex and place of
birth also helped to explain externalizing behaviors at various time points in the models. Place of birth and family poverty
were significantly associated with internalizing symptoms. Implications for future research and interventions related to internalizing
and externalizing behavior among the Latino/a school aged population are discussed.
Beverly Araújo Dawson is an assistant professor in the School of Social Work at Adelphi University, New York. She received her doctoral and master’s degree from the University of Michigan and a B.A. in psychology from Hunter College. Her research interests focus on the impact of psychosocial stressors on the mental health of Latino/a immigrants. Sheara Williams is an assistant professor in the Graduate College of Social Work at the University of Houston. She received her Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; an M.S.W. from Louisiana State University; and a B.S. from Southern University, A & M. Her research interests focus on psychosocial factors related to school behavior and academic achievement for poor and minority children. 相似文献
Sheara A. WilliamsEmail: |
Beverly Araújo Dawson is an assistant professor in the School of Social Work at Adelphi University, New York. She received her doctoral and master’s degree from the University of Michigan and a B.A. in psychology from Hunter College. Her research interests focus on the impact of psychosocial stressors on the mental health of Latino/a immigrants. Sheara Williams is an assistant professor in the Graduate College of Social Work at the University of Houston. She received her Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; an M.S.W. from Louisiana State University; and a B.S. from Southern University, A & M. Her research interests focus on psychosocial factors related to school behavior and academic achievement for poor and minority children. 相似文献
46.
Important research programs within New Institutional Economics advance culturalist arguments to explain failures of economic
development. Focusing on the work of Douglass C. North and Avner Greif, this article argues that such arguments rely on an
essentialist conception of culture that is both historically inaccurate and analytically misleading. Greif’s work in particular
rests on a selective use of empirical data that ultimately distorts the deductive models that are at the core of his work.
As a result, both scholars use culture to account for outcomes that are more adequately explained as the product of social
conflict and political struggles—struggles in which culture plays a far more contingent and destabilizing role than the one
they attribute to it. What is needed, I argue, is to link arguments about the persistence of inefficient institutions with
a sociologically informed conception of culture as an ensemble of resources that enhance rather than constrain the scope of individual agency. To come to terms with the effects of culture on institutional formation
and change it is necessary to replace the essentialism articulated by North and Greif with a strategic-instrumentalist view
in which culture is compatible with a wide spectrum of economic behaviors, individual actions, and thus institutional trajectories.
Steven Heydemann is a political scientist whose research focuses on democratization and economic reform in the Middle East, and on the relationship between institutions and economic development more broadly. Heydemann received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1990. He is currently vice president of the Grant and Fellowships Program of the U.S. Institute of Peace, and adjunct professor at Georgetown University. From 2003 to 2007, he directed the Georgetown University Center for Democracy and Civil Society. He is the author of Authoritarianism in Syria: Institutions and Social Conflict, 1946–1970 (Cornell University Press 1999), and the editor of War, Institutions and Social Change in the Middle East (University of California Press 2000), and of Networks of Privilege in the Middle East: The Politics of Economic Reform Reconsidered (Palgrave 2004). 相似文献
Steven HeydemannEmail: |
Steven Heydemann is a political scientist whose research focuses on democratization and economic reform in the Middle East, and on the relationship between institutions and economic development more broadly. Heydemann received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1990. He is currently vice president of the Grant and Fellowships Program of the U.S. Institute of Peace, and adjunct professor at Georgetown University. From 2003 to 2007, he directed the Georgetown University Center for Democracy and Civil Society. He is the author of Authoritarianism in Syria: Institutions and Social Conflict, 1946–1970 (Cornell University Press 1999), and the editor of War, Institutions and Social Change in the Middle East (University of California Press 2000), and of Networks of Privilege in the Middle East: The Politics of Economic Reform Reconsidered (Palgrave 2004). 相似文献
47.
古代中国与朝鲜的“气”哲学传统比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在中国,元气自然论在王充以后,受魏晋玄学思辩哲学的压抑一度发展低迷,到北宋张载时走向高峰而发展为元气本体论,后又受程朱"理"论的排挤,一度衰微。300年后,王廷相、王夫之的气论又形成发展高潮。在朝鲜,确立气一元论哲学的徐敬德之后,气哲学传统就表现为主理主气之争、唯理唯气之争,最终由崔汉绮总集成。中国的气论主要作为宇宙本根论,道器、形而上、形而下等范畴始终成为诠释的中心。朝鲜的气论则更多地是对心、性、情等伦理本体的探讨,故主要围绕理气、心性、善恶等概念进行了研究。 相似文献
48.
Anton Oleinik 《Society》2008,45(3):288-293
The experience of Soviet involvement in Afghanistan (1979–1989) is considered through the prism of institutional transfers.
Afghanistan has a long history of attempts to implement Muslim, Soviet and Anglo-Saxon institutional designs. Most of them
have failed. This failure can be attributed to the lack of ‘elective affinity’ between traditional and new institutions imported
from more developed countries. It is argued that a careful examination of the degree of elective affinity must precede any
attempt of institutional transfers. An analysis of Ph.D. dissertations defended by Afghan students at Soviet and Russian universities
complements logical arguments and references to historical facts.
相似文献
Anton OleinikEmail: |
49.
杨东霞 《贵州警官职业学院学报》2001,(1)
香港民事侵权分为侵犯和非故意干扰两类,对民事侵权的救济可以是法外的,也可以是经过法庭裁定的。在民事侵权诉讼中的被告,可以提出免责理由为其辩护以达到免除责任的目的。可以对香港地区民事侵权的含义、种类、救济手段以及答辩等法律规定予以借鉴。 相似文献
50.
在美国的外交决策中,利益集团有着不可忽视的影响力.冷战后,利益集团更是公开走到了前台,通过游说等手段间接地影响着美国对外政策的制定.为此,中国在处理中美关系时,必须把美国各利益集团因素考虑进去,大力开展第二渠道外交. 相似文献