特定产品过渡性保障机制的效应及我国的对策

特定产品过渡性保障机制使《保障措施协议》的非歧视原则成了单向约束我国的规则。它的另一些规定也以不对等方式增大了其他成员国对我国适用保障措施的机会。它是一种战略性遏制武器 ,使其他成员国有能力顷刻间化解我优势产业的大规模攻势。加快经济改革 ,加强谈判地位 ,应成为我国的中长期对策。用活配额 ,择用“例外” ,可作为主要的短期对策。     

Precedent Externality, Network Effect, and the Possible Inefficiency of the Evolution of Laws

Using the traditional scenario of tort conflict as an example, I argue that the marginal precautionary costs of injurers and victims are not constant, as was assumed by most previous researchers. The precedent of a liability rule has some natural externality on the precaution technology, and hence marginal cost, faced by future agents involved in torts. The adoption of legal rules therefore has a network effect, meaning that the present prevalent adoption of one rule increases the probability of its future adoption. Treating the dynamic evolution of legal rules as a random process, we are able to apply an established result in the literature of network economies to conclude the path-dependence, non-predictability, and potential inefficiency concerning the final legal rule to which the dynamics converge.     

Individual Dismissals in Europe and the United States: A Model on the Influence of the Legal Framework on Firing Costs

In this article, we present a model of individual dismissals based on the workers' right to file a suit against their employer arguing that the dismissal is unjustified or unfair. The model is a standard pre-trial bargaining game between a firm and a worker. We study two cases: when the law states the severance pay for unfair dismissal (the European case), and when judges can decide freely on the compensation to be paid to the worker (the American case). The model provides some guidelines for Labour Law reforms. In the European case, a decrease in the severance pay for unfair dismissals fixed by law will decrease the severance pay offered by the firm, and only under some assumptions will decrease the expected firing cost and will increase the settlement probability. In addition, the transition from the European to the American case is likely to increase the probability of settlement (and to decrease it in the opposite case) with ambiguous effects on agreed severance pay and expected firing costs.     

浅谈计算机实践教学

在《计算机应用基础》教学中,应对内容有所取舍,注重知识理解与上机实践同步,以提高实践教学的效益。     

对公安考核激励机制的几点思考

文章对公安队伍管理长效机制建设过程中如何有效建立考核激励机制,进行了深入的探索。从体现江泽民同志在"7·1"讲话中提出的"尊重人、理解人、发展人"的思想高度出发,运用现代管理的科学理念,提出了管理的目的,不是管死管住,而是激励激活的观点。并对考核激励机制应着力解决的问题,应注意把握的原则,进行了分析和研究。     

刑法因果关系研究

因果关系是指行为与结果之间决定与被决定、引起与被引起之间的关系。在刑法中,将某一结果归咎于某人的时候,往往需要查明其行为与结果之间是否存在刑法上的因果关系。因此,因果关系在定罪中具有重要意义。但并不意味着可以过分夸大因果关系在犯罪构成中的地位。此外,要正确认识刑法中的因果关系,应从事实上的因果关系与法律上的因果关系两方面进行考察,而不应纠缠在必然性与偶然性这样一些哲学问题上。     

依法行政理念的历史溯源与现实启示

依法行政理念的形成与历史演变蕴涵着法治的价值诉求和主旨的转变,核心是实现由＂控制行政权＂到＂保障行政权有效行使＂。依法行政理念的演变不是价值变迁,而是价值关注点和思维方法的转变。我国要实现依法行政就要处理好＂控权＂与＂行权＂或＂有限＂与＂有效＂相结合的问题。     

三通背景下两岸区际海事法律冲突

自2001年中国大陆与台湾地区先后加入WTO以来,两岸实现三通乃是双方责无旁贷的义务。尽管从2000年修改后的台湾地区＂海商法＂各方面着眼,两岸海事法律领域日趋接近,并渐与国际接轨,但针对两岸海事冲突依然存在的现状,以两岸海事法律冲突独特性为切入点,参考国际通行区际法律冲突解决模式,进而提出实体法融合和特别法先行的具体冲突解决模式,以期为两岸海事规范冲突的早日解决提供可资借鉴的启示。     

"错案追究制"的理性思考

错案责任追究制在一定程度上提高了司法人员的责任意识 ,遏制了司法腐败 ,促进了司法公正。但在实践中也出了许多问题 ,究其原因是因为该制度本身存在着疏漏与不足。文章在深入分析错案追究制可能产生的“负效应”及原因后 ,提出了对策。     

论以批准作为生效条件的合同

在我国民事立法中,批准是某些合同的生效要件。合同经批准生效的立法构造在司法实践中引起了一定的混乱。尽管司法解释为此作出了不懈的努力,但还是无法彻底克服以批准作为合同生效条件所带来的弊端。尤其在合同订立后至批准手续办理完毕之前以及合同因客观原因无法得到批准的情况下,当事人之间将会因合同不生效而不存在基础法律关系。因此,批准不应当被规定为合同的生效要件,急需在立法上进行重构。