想象的数罪还是实质的数罪——论想象竞合犯应当数罪并罚

想象竞合犯具有多个犯罪的社会危害性,对其“从一重罪”处断不能实现罪刑公正。当一个自然行为蕴含多个危害行为的意义时,构成多个危害行为的竞合,其实质是危害行为的复数。行为竞合的概念,在理论上不仅可能,而且正当。想象竞合犯实质上是复数危害行为的竞合,该复数危害行为分别符合复数的犯罪构成,属于实质的数罪。应当对想象竞合犯数罪并罚,这不仅是其罪数本质的要求,也是罪刑法定、罪刑公正的要求。     

当前我国金融犯罪的现状与特点

当前 ,金融犯罪愈演愈烈 ,并呈上升之势 ,造成巨大经济损失 ,破坏了正常的金融秩序 ,威胁着金融业的健康发展 ,影响了市场经济的完善。本文拟从金融犯罪的现状入手 ,分析我国当前金融犯罪的特点 ,为有效打击金融犯罪提供理论依据     

论证券行政违法行为的成立要件

近年来,证券领域违法案件频发,证券监管机关作出了大量的行政处罚。然而,行政违法行为成立要件缺失造成了行政处罚证明标准抽象化、归责原则适用混乱等问题。行政违法行为成立要件与犯罪构成要件之间存在亲缘性。建构证券行政违法行为成立要件理论需要做好对刑法犯罪构成要件理论的“扬与弃”的工作,从违法客观方面、违法客体、违法主观方面、违法主体等方面进行规定。违法客体依附违法客观方面。违法客观方面包括违法行为、危害结果以及违法的时间、地点等内容,应以危害结果纳入为原则,不纳入为例外。违法主体是必要条件,但已内含于证券从业要求。违法主观方面,应当充分考虑主观过错在违法认定中的影响。四方面内容在结构上并非是同一平面上的耦合式逻辑,而是一种递进式、阶层式的逻辑结构。     

The effectiveness of forensic evidence in the investigation of volume crime scenes

This study investigates the effectiveness of forensic evidence in UK volume crime investigations. The main aim was to identify characteristics of forensic evidence that influence its effectiveness in converting detections into criminal charges, as well as to critically consider the effectiveness of a recent service level agreement (SLA) implemented by Wiltshire Police, which aimed at reducing CSI attendance. The sample consisted of 445 police recorded cases received from Wiltshire Police. Presence or absence and location-related characteristics of fingerprint, DNA, and footwear evidence were evaluated on the effectiveness of forensic evidence and examined within the contexts of different volume crimes. Results showed a high level of correlation in converting detections into criminal charges where the presence of DNA, footwear, and multiple evidence types was recorded; and a positive correlation between forensic evidence ineffectiveness and presence of fingerprints, particularly in residential burglaries. Differences between individual offence types were expressed. The most prominent feature influencing the effectiveness of forensic evidence was found to be related to the movability of the exhibit associated with the recovered evidence, with DNA recovered from non-movable items presenting the strongest effectiveness. Cases processed after the implementation of the SLA did not show significant differences in forensic evidence effectiveness as compared to cases processed prior to the SLA, however, they demonstrated a lack in effectiveness of DNA evidence. The findings of the current research provide a better understanding of the contextual influences on the potential of forensic evidence and can support improvement of crime scene screening and CSI resource deployment.     

Sexually violent predators and civil commitment: is selection evidence based?

Sexual offenses represent an alarming proportion of crimes committed yearly. To address these concerns, several states, including South Carolina (SC), have enacted laws requiring sexually violent predators (SVPs) to be civilly committed to treatment. To date, no published study has examined sexual offenders recommended for treatment in SC. This study used a specially designed statewide database (SC-SVP research database) to determine which offender and offense characteristics were associated with increased likelihood of being recommended for civil commitment. Factors correlated with being more likely to be recommended included: being of a younger age at time of evaluation, prior sex convictions, having related and unrelated victims, a higher number of victims, frequent substance use, and a history of suicide attempts. Prior sex convictions, having both related and non-related victims, and a higher total number of victims align with characteristics associated with sexual recidivism. Frequent substance abuse and a history of suicide attempts do not mirror previous findings regarding sexual recidivism. These findings present new information regarding the civil commitment process of offenders being committed to the SC-SVP treatment program, characterize types of offenders committed to SC-SVP treatment program, and provide a foundation for using a computerized database in conducting sex offender research.     

行业协会腐败治理及其刑事责任追究

行业协会有一定的行政管理和服务职能,也有经费来源,故有腐败的条件。行业协会腐败形式多样,对行业协会腐败的治理措施主要是政社分开、加强监管以及对腐败活动追究行政和刑事责任。其中,《刑法》对以个人名义进行的腐败活动有相应的罪名惩处,而很多腐败活动以协会名义进行,《刑法》缺乏对这类腐败的罪名规定。要提高对行业协会腐败治理的效果,应在《刑法》中增设相应的行业协会单位犯罪的罪名。     

Establishing Universal Human Rights through War Crimes Trials and the Need for Cosmopolitan Law in an Age of Diversity

This article explores the practical and philosophical issues associated with bringing diverse moral conceptions into the judgments of international crimes. It is argued that a Habermasian view of cosmopolitan law provides a possibility for envisioning the way international courts can contribute to a universal morality across culturally disparate human rights conceptions. It is also argued that the most universally acceptable human rights conceptions reflect a convergence of procedures and substance. The author explores the treatment of rape in international war crimes tribunals in order to demonstrate how these judgments advance a more universally-acceptable human rights conceptions. Barbara Korth Faculty of Education. Indiana University 201 North Rose Ave Bloomington IN 47405, USA.     

暴力恐怖犯罪案件的侦查讯问对策

暴力恐怖犯罪案件的犯罪嫌疑人讯问难度远远大于其他普通刑事案件，因此，在侦查讯问中。应熟悉案情。掌握犯罪嫌疑人的心理和性格特征；攻心夺气，心战为上；迂回发问、设置圈套；运用模糊概念。促其产生错觉。使其供述障碍向有利于突破上供的方向发展。     

我国洗钱犯罪的特点与防治对策

目前,我国的洗钱现象明显增多,洗钱或者明显带有洗钱性质的案件发案率正在迅速上升。我国洗钱犯罪体现了以下的特点:利用金融机构进行洗钱活动、利用公司进行洗钱活动、国际犯罪集团入境洗钱活动频繁以及国内腐败犯罪分子通过洗钱手段大肆转移赃款。要有效防治我国的洗钱犯罪,必须采取加强洗钱犯罪立法及制度建设完善等一系列对策。     

论城市小区犯罪问题及其对策

当前我国城市小区犯罪状况堪忧 ,其产生的原因如何以及该采取怎样的防治对策是摆在我们面前的亟待解决的现实问题。有鉴于此 ,笔者通过分析 ,认为空间死角、时间死角、心理死角、社会死角的存在是小区犯罪产生的原因 ,进而针对上述原因提出防治对策。