试析网络暴力游戏之恶名及由来

网络暴力游戏是一个未经科学定义的、内涵模糊的词语,但却被人们普遍的使用。当网络游戏与暴力这两个语素组合到一起的时候,网络暴力游戏就被赋予了浓重的消极色彩。它成为了人们强烈抨击和谴责的对象,甚至成为未成年人暴力行为直接的、重要的诱发原因。社会形成了一场声势浩大并持久的对网络暴力游戏的讨伐运动。这场运动是以家长、老师对孩子的失望情绪和追责需要为前提和基础的;我国主流媒体则将这些情绪和需求聚焦并放大,使之成为强势主流话语,而最终形成了这场对网络暴力游戏的批判运动。     

制度变迁与权力博弈：国际货币体系的双重困境

在国际秩序变革期,国际货币体系的变迁和安全状况出现新的特征和问题。在体系演进的不同阶段,国际货币体系变革的核心逻辑不同。在运行之初和体系修正时期,制度变迁是核心逻辑,而在霸权护持和体系重构时期,权力政治是核心逻辑。由此,对国际货币体系变迁的解释需要综合考虑权力逻辑和制度逻辑在国际货币体系不同阶段的相互作用和共同影响。从制度逻辑而言,国际货币体系长期存在的诸多问题依然未能得到有效解决,甚至有更加恶化的趋势,主要包括主权货币充当国际货币的困局、全球宏观经济失衡与调整不力、汇率波动与失调持续加剧、全球货币治理组织低效等,国际货币制度变迁的“均衡困境”持续存在。同时,当前国际货币体系已步入霸权护持期,权力博弈和大国竞争更加显著,国际货币体系变革又陷入新困境,即国际货币体系的主导国美国无意或无力修正体系的根本性问题和解决其结构性矛盾,转而运用多种方略维护美元霸权,但这些霸权方略的反噬效应,使国际货币体系变得更加不稳定和不安全。国际货币制度变迁和权力政治博弈逻辑下的新旧困境交叠,维护国际与国家货币安全面临更加严峻的挑战,由此也为相关研究带来一个新的研究议程。     

Violent Crime in the Urban Community: A Comparison of Stockholm and Basel

In this article the authors present some preliminary findings from a comparative study of police recorded violent crimes in Stockholm and Basel. They present the first results from a comparative analysis of the situational context, the ecology of crime, and of offender residences in these cities. There is impressive evidence of basic similarities in the situational context of violent crime and the residential distribution of violent offenders. Yet there are also significant differences, some of which may have interesting implications for crime prevention. Firstly, violent crime seems to be more highly concentrated during weekend nights in Stockholm than in Basel. Secondly, they find evidence that the presence of weapons in a community increases the risk of more serious outcomes of violent events. Efforts to reduce the availability of weapons may thus have significant effects on the outcomes of violence, but not necessarily on its frequency. Thirdly, they show that offenders in both cities are highly concentrated in socially disorganised communities with few economic and social resources.     

Visualization of gunshot residue patterns on dark clothing

ABSTRACT: Determination of the muzzle‐to‐target distance is often a critical factor in criminal and civil investigations involving firearms. However, seeing and recording gunshot residue patterns can be difficult if the victim's clothing is dark and/or bloodstained. Trostle reported the use of infrared film for the detection of burn patterns. However, only after the film is developed are the results visible and multiple exposures at different settings may be needed. The Video Spectral Comparator^? 2000 (Foster & Freeman Ltd., Evesham, Worcestershire, U.K.) is an imaging instrument routinely used by forensic document examiners. Without use of specialized film could the VSC 2000 (at appropriate instrument settings) quickly, easily, and reliably provide instantaneous viewing, saving, and printing of gunshot residue patterns on dark and/or blood soaked clothing? At muzzle‐to‐target distances of 6, 12, and 18 in., test fires were made into five different types of dark clothing using eight different handguns of different calibers. Gunshot residues were detected for all eight calibers, and powder burn patterns were seen on dark clothing for all three target distances and calibers except 0.22 long rifle and 0.25 ACP. Bloodstains did not preclude the viewing of these patterns.     

Optimal patrol routes: interdicting and pursuing rhino poachers

Interdiction patrolling (also known as hot spots policing) is a proactive police operation that depends on good planning. And the pursuit of fleeing suspects is a challenging operation that all police forces engage in on a regular basis. We give software tools that improve the effectiveness of both. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our tools by applying them to the case of rhino poaching in wildlife reserves. An interdiction patrol pre-emptively seeks out poaching parties within a reserve. Upon picking up the trail of a poaching party, a pursuit team needs a pursuit strategy that optimizes their chances of an interception. Our interdiction patrol route tool identifies optimal interdiction patrol routes to walk. This tool is based on a Stackelberg game and represents different types of poachers and their utilities. These utilities are updated (learned) each time new information on poaching party routes is added to the database. Our second tool provides a real-time sequence of team member moves that maximizes the team’s chances of apprehending a pursued party. We show that our tools perform well when applied to simulated and real data.     

“We need more clips about Putin,and lots of them:” Russia’s state-commissioned online visual culture

In this article, we examine how the Putin government is attempting to respond and adapt to the YouTube phenomenon and the vibrant oppositional online visual culture on Runet. We show how these processes are giving rise to new forms of state propaganda, shaped and driven above all by the quest for high-ranking search-engine results and the concomitant desire to appeal to the perceived new sensibilities of the Internet generation through the commissioning and production of “viral videos.” We focus in particular on the videos created by Iurii Degtiarev, a pioneer in the development of this genre, whose works we explore in light of the “Kremlingate” email leaks, which offer inside information on the strategies and aims being pursued on the online visual front of the campaign to manage the Russian mediascape, and Degtiarev’s own reflections on this subject. Examining the output of young creatives patronized by the Kremlin offers a “bottom-up” view to supplement studies of the Russian ideological and media landscape as shaped by “political technologists” such as Vladislav Surkov and Gleb Pavlovskii.     

Exploring psychological features in adolescents who assault their parents: a different profile of young offenders?

This study aimed to explore some psychological features of adolescents who have been reported by their parents for being violent towards them, analysing how they differ from other young offenders and from non-offender adolescents. Concretely, the presence of clinical diagnosis was explored and whether these juveniles received some psychological/psychiatric treatment. Moreover, this study examined substance use and some variables that characterise the social-cognitive style of these juveniles, along with the level of self-esteem. Information concerning clinical diagnosis and psychological/psychiatric treatment was extracted from the young offenders’ legal files. Measures included the social-cognitive subscale from the attitudes and social-cognitive strategies questionnaire (AECS), Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and a structured interview to assess substance use. Results indicated that juveniles who assaulted their parents present a different profile when compared to the other groups, as they showed a higher presence of psychopathology and more social-cognitive difficulties. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for the design and implementation of specific treatments with these aggressive adolescents.     

走出维稳悖论:亲民、和谐、理性维稳的回归——从"打错门"事件谈起

在社会转型过程中,利益主体日趋多元化,利益矛盾凸显,利益冲突加剧,如何维稳已成为当今各级党政领导的一门必修课。打错门的暴力维稳模式是反稳定的,是与构建社会主义和谐社会背道而驰的。因此,跳出维稳怪圈,回归亲民和谐理性维稳是未来维稳工作的重要行动逻辑。     

精神病患者违法暴力案件的现状及处置预防对策

精神病患者违法暴力事件时有发生,对社会稳定以及当事双方人身安全和公共安全造成极大影响。随着精神病患者违法暴力事件呈不断上升趋势,为避免处置中的不当或过度等情况发生,针对性的日常管控、安全保障、病理对症、语言交流、现场武力使用以及战术科目训练等方法,对妥善处理精神病患者暴力违法案件有十分重要的意义。     

基于思想政治教育视角的“哈佛视频”思考

"哈佛视频"作为近期风靡网络的教育资源共享活动,引起了巨大的社会反响。从思想政治教育工作的角度审视,其作为网络教育改革、欧美公开教育资源运动以及公共外交活动之组成部分显示了突出作用,对于培养公民政治民主观念、构建当代民主化进程具有内在价值。在其中性、中立的知识表象之下,有着传播西方资产阶级意识形态的隐性功能和阶级实质,对我国思想政治教育工作具有一定的借鉴价值